URubella ekukhulelweni: yintoni, iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Iziphumo ezinokubakho zeerubella
• Ungamxelela njani ukuba umntwana wakho uchaphazelekile
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

URubella sisifo esiqhelekileyo ebuntwaneni ukuba, xa senzeka xa ukhulelwe, sinokubangela ukungalunganga kosana olufana ne-microcephaly, isithulu okanye utshintsho emehlweni. Ke, eyona nto ifanelekileyo kukuba umfazi afumane iyeza lokuthintela isifo ngaphambi kokuba akhulelwe.

Isitofu sokugonya se-rubella sihlala sithathwa ebuntwaneni, kodwa abasetyhini abangalufumaniyo iyeza lokugonya okanye idosi yokukhuthaza kufuneka bagonywe ngaphambi kokuba bakhulelwe. Emva kokuthatha isitofu sokugonya umfazi kufuneka alinde okungenani inyanga e-1 ukuqala ukuzama ukumitha. Funda ngakumbi malunga nogonyo lwe rubella.

I-Rubella sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yintsholongwane yohlobo Irubivirus, esihlala sidluliselwa ngeemfihlo ezifana namathe, kunxibelelwano olusondeleyo kunye nokwanga. Ngokwesiqhelo abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abona bantu bosulelweyo, oko kwandisa amathuba okufumana isifo ngexa lokukhulelwa.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zeRubella xa ukhulelwe ziyafana nezo ziboniswa nangubani na ophuhlisa esi sifo:

• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha;
• Umkhuhlane ophantsi ukuya kuma-38ºC;
• Ukukhwehlela nge-phlegm;
• Intlungu edibeneyo;
• Ukudumba kwe-lymph okanye i-ganglia, ngakumbi kufutshane nentamo;
• Amabala amancinci abomvu ebusweni athi asasazeke emzimbeni wonke kwaye aqhubeke malunga neentsuku ezi-3.

Iimpawu zingathatha ukuya kwiintsuku ezingama-21 ukuvela, kodwa ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kunokwenzeka kwiintsuku ezisi-7 ngaphambi kokuqala kweempawu ukuya kwiintsuku ezisi-7 emva kokuvela kwamabala abomvu eluswini.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Kwezinye iimeko, i-rubella ayinayo impawu kwaye, ngoko ke, ukuxilongwa kwayo kunokuqinisekiswa kuphela ngobukho be-immunoglobulins. IgM okanye i-IgG kuvavanyo lwegazi.

Iziphumo ezinokubakho zeerubella

Iziphumo zerubella ekukhulelweni zinxulumene ne-rubella ye-congenital, enokuthi ikhokelele ekupheliseni isisu okanye ukungalunganga kosana olubi njenge:

• Ukungeva;
• Utshintsho lwamehlo njengokungaboni, cataract, microphthalmia, glaucoma kunye ne-retinopathy;
• Iingxaki zeentliziyo ezinjenge-pulmonary artery stenosis, i-ventricular septal defect, i-myocarditis
• Ukulimala kwenkqubo efana ne-meningitis engapheliyo, i-vasculitis kunye ne-calcification
• Ukudodobala kwengqondo;
• IMicrocephaly;
• Mfusa;
• I-hemolytic anemia;
• Meningoencephalitis;
• Iingxaki zesibindi ezinje nge-fibrosis kunye nokutshintsha kweseli enkulu yesibindi.

Olu tshintsho lunokwenzeka xa owasetyhini ene-rubella ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye xa efumana iyeza lokuthintela i-rubella ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Umngcipheko wokudluliselwa kwe-rubella emntwaneni mkhulu kwi-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa kwaye ukuba oku kuyenzeka umntwana kufuneka azalwe ene-rubella yokuzalwa. Funda konke malunga ne-rubella yokuzalwa.

Iingxaki ezinkulu zibonwa xa umntwana echaphazeleka kwikota yokuqala yokukhulelwa. Ngokwesiqhelo, utshintsho lomntwana lubonwa kwiimviwo ezenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nasemva nje kokuzalwa, kodwa ezinye iinguqu zinokuchongwa kuphela kwiminyaka emi-4 yokuqala yobomi bomntwana. Ezinye zezi zinto zinokufunyanwa kamva sisifo seswekile, i-panencephalitis kunye ne-autism.

Jonga ngendlela elula ukuba yintoni i-microcephaly kunye nendlela yokunyamekela umntwana onale ngxaki ngokubukela le vidiyo ilandelayo:

Ungamxelela njani ukuba umntwana wakho uchaphazelekile

Ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba umntwana wayechaphazelekile yintsholongwane ye-rubella xa umama wakhe wosulelwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ukuba umama wakhe wafumana iyeza lokuthintela i-rubella ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukhathalelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka kunye nazo zonke iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko zokuvavanya ukukhula kweentsana kufuneka zenziwe. kunye nezicubu.

I-Morphological ultrasound, edlalwa phakathi kweeveki ezili-18 ukuya kwezingama-22 zokumitha, ingabonisa ukuba ngaba kukho ukungalunganga kwentliziyo okanye ukonakala kwengqondo, nangona kunjalo, ezinye iinguqu zinokubonwa kuphela emva kokuzalwa, njengokungeva, umzekelo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-rubella yokuzalwa kungenziwa kuvavanyo lwegazi oluchonga ii-antibodies ze-IgM ezilungileyo irubivirus ukuya kuthi ga kunyaka omnye emva kokuzalwa. Olu tshintsho lunokubonwa kuphela emva kwenyanga eyi-1 yokuzalwa kwaye ke, kwimeko yokusola, uviwo kufuneka luphindwe emva kwalo mhla.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lukaRubella xa ukhulelwe luquka ukulawula iimpawu ezenziwa ngumfazi kuba alukho unyango oluthile olunokunyanga i-rubella. Ngokwesiqhelo, unyango lwenziwa ngamayeza okulawula umkhuhlane kunye nokuthomalalisa iintlungu, ezinje ngeparacetamol, enxulunyaniswa nokuphumla kunye nokutya okuselwayo ngumfazi okhulelweyo.

Olona hlobo lubalaseleyo lothintelo kukugonywa kathathu ngentsholongwane kwimasisi, uqwilikana kunye nerubella okungenani kwinyanga enye ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Kuya kufuneka uphephe nokuba phakathi kwabantu abahambisa isifo okanye abantwana abosuleleke ngerubella.