Eyona mibuzo iqhelekileyo yemasisi

Umxholo

• 1. Ngubani ofanele afumane isitofu sokugonya?
• 2. Zeziphi iimpawu eziphambili?
• 3. Ngaba irhawuzelelwa yimasisi?
• 4. Luthini unyango olucetyiswayo?
• 5. Yintoni intsholongwane ebangela imasisi?
• 6. Ingaba kwenzeka njani oko kusasazeka?
• 7. Ungayithintela njani imasisi?
• 8. Zithini iingxaki zemasisi?

Imasisi sisifo esosulelayo esihamba neempawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, ukukhohlela okungapheliyo, impumlo ebusayo, ukudumba, amabala amancinci abomvu aqala kufutshane nentloko kwaye emva koko ehla, asasazeka emzimbeni wonke.

Unyango lweMasisi lwenziwa ngenjongo yokuthomalalisa iimpawu kuba esi sifo sibangelwa yintsholongwane kwaye ke umzimba uyakwazi ukuzikhupha ngokwakho, ngaphandle kwesidingo seyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane.

Isitofu sokuthintela imasisi yeyona ndlela yokuthintela izifo kwaye siyinxalenye yeshedyuli yesiseko sokugonya abantwana. Eli chiza lisebenza kakhulu kodwa kuba intsholongwane iyakwazi ukuguquka, ngamanye amaxesha nabantu abagonyiweyo banokosulelwa yimasisi kwiminyaka kamva.

1. Ngubani ofanele afumane isitofu sokugonya?

Isitofu sokuthintela imasisi sihlala sinikwa simahla sineenyanga ezili-12 ubudala, sine-booster phakathi kweenyanga ezili-15 ukuya kwezingama-24. Kwimeko yesitofu sokugonya se-tetraviral, idosi ihlala ingatshatanga kwaye kufuneka ifakwe phakathi kweenyanga ezili-12 kunye neminyaka emi-5.

Zimbini iindlela eziphambili zokufumana isitofu sokuthintela imasisi, isitofu sokugonya esisodwa okanye isitofu sokudibanisa esidibeneyo:

• Ugonyo kathathu wentsholongwane: ngokuchasene nemasisi, uqwilikana kunye nerubella;
• Isitofu sokugonya iTetraviral: Ikwakhusela kumbungu wenkukhu.

Nabani na unokugonywa, ukuba nje akakabinaso isitofu sokugonya, kodwa isitofu sokuthintela imasisi sinokuqhutywa nakubantu abasesichengeni sentsholongwane, njengoko kunjalo xa abazali bengagonywanga kwaye benomntwana onemasisi. Kodwa, kule meko, ukuze ube nesiphumo, umntu kufuneka agonywe ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-3 emva kokubonakala kweempawu zomntu awayeqhagamshelene naye.

2. Zeziphi iimpawu eziphambili?

Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zemasisi zibandakanya:

• Amabala abomvu kulusu oluqala ukuvela ebusweni emva koko lusasazeke kwiinyawo;
• Amabala amhlophe ajikeleze ngaphakathi esidleleni;
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu, ongaphezu kwama-38.5ºC;
• Ukukhwehlela nge-phlegm;
• Ukudibana;
• Hypersensitivity ekukhanyeni;
• Impumlo ebalekayo;
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya;
• Kunokubakho intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu esiswini, ukugabha, urhudo kunye neentlungu kwimisipha.
• Imasisi ayirhawuzeleli, njengakwezinye izifo ezinje ngerhashalala kunye nerubella.

Thatha uvavanyo lwethu lwe-Intanethi kwaye ufumanise ukuba ngaba inokuba yimasisi.

Ukuxilongwa kwemasisi kungenziwa ngokujonga iimpawu kunye neempawu zayo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezichaphazeleka kakhulu sesi sifo, okanye xa kuthe kwakho ubhubhane, kodwa kunganyanzeleka ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwegazi olubonisa ubukho beentsholongwane zemasisi kunye neentsholongwane. xa ukwindawo engafane ichaphazeleke kwesi sifo.

Ezinye izifo ezinokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo kwaye ke zinokudideka yimasisi yirubella, roseola, scarlet fever, isifo saseKawasaki, isifo esosulelayo se-mononucleosis, i-Rocky Mountain spotted fever, i-enterovirus okanye i-adenovirus infection kunye novakalelo lweziyobisi (allergy).

3. Ngaba irhawuzelelwa yimasisi?

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye izifo ezinjengerhashalala okanye irubella, amabala emasisi akarhawuzeleli ulusu.

4. Luthini unyango olucetyiswayo?

Unyango lweMasisi luneempawu ezinciphileyo ngokuphumla, ukufuthiswa ngokwaneleyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ukuthoba umkhuhlane. Ukongeza, uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO) ukwacebisa ukongeza ivithamin A kubo bonke abantwana abanesifo semasisi.

Ngokwesiqhelo umntu onesi sifo uchacha ngokupheleleyo, afumane unyango malunga neentsuku ezili-10 emva kokuqala kweempawu. Kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics kungabonakaliswa xa kukho ubungqina bokusuleleka kwintsholongwane, ukuba umntu unesifo sendlebe okanye i-pneumonia, kuba ezi ziingxaki eziqhelekileyo zemasisi.

Bona ngakumbi malunga neenketho ezikhoyo kunyango lweMasisi.

5. Yintoni intsholongwane ebangela imasisi?

Imasisi yintsholongwane yosapho Morbillivirus, ezinokuthi zikhule kwaye zande kwiimbumba zempumlo nasemqaleni womntu omdala okanye umntwana osulelekileyo. Ngale ndlela, le ntsholongwane ihanjiswa ngokulula ngamathontsi amancinci akhutshwa xa ukhohlela, uthetha okanye uthimla.

Kwimiphezulu, intsholongwane inokuhlala isebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezi-2, ke kuya kufuneka ubulale iintsholongwane kuyo yonke indawo egumbini apho kukho umntu onemasisi.

6. Ingaba kwenzeka njani oko kusasazeka?

Ukosuleleka kwemasisi kwenzeka ikakhulu emoyeni, xa umntu osulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla kunye nomnye umntu okufuphi kwaye aphefumle ezi mfihlo. Ngexesha leentsuku ezi-4 ezandulela amabala eluswini kude kube kunyamalale ngokupheleleyo, isigulana siyosulela, kuba kulapho iimfihlo zisebenza kakhulu kwaye umntu akaluthathi lonke unonophelo olufunekayo ukuze angosuleli abanye.

7. Ungayithintela njani imasisi?

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela imasisi kukusigonyela esi sifo, nangona kunjalo, zikho ezinye iindlela ezilula zokukhusela ezinokunceda, ezinje:

• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo, ngakumbi emva kokudibana nabantu abagulayo;
• Kuphephe ukubamba amehlo, impumlo okanye umlomo, ukuba izandla zakho azicocekanga;
• Kuphephe ukuba kwiindawo ezivaliweyo nabantu abaninzi;
• Ukungadibani ngqo nabantu abagulayo, njengokuncamisa, ukuwolana okanye ukwabelana ngeempahla.

Ukuzahlula isigulana yenye indlela esebenzayo yokuthintela ukusasazeka kwesi sifo, nangona kugonyo kuphela olusebenzayo. Ke ngoko, ukuba umntu ufunyaniswe enesifo semasisi, wonke umntu ononxibelelwano olusondeleyo nabo, njengabazali kunye nabantakwabo, kufuneka agonywe, ukuba abakabikho, kwaye isiguli kufuneka sibe sekhaya, siphumle, singayi esikolweni okanye sebenza, ukuze ungangcolisi abanye.

Funda ngezinye iindlela zokuzikhusela kwimasisi.

8. Zithini iingxaki zemasisi?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, imasisi iyanyamalala ngaphandle kokubangela naluphi na uhlobo lwe-sequelae emntwini, nangona kunjalo, kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, ezinye iingxaki zinokuvela, ezinje:

• Ukuphazamiseka komoya;
• Ukukrala kwemiphunga;
• Ukunyuka kwesifo;
• Usulelo lwendlebe;
• Ubumfama;
• Urhudo olomeleleyo olukhokelela ekuphelisweni komzimba.

Ukongeza, ukuba imasisi ivela kumfazi okhulelweyo, kukwakho nomngcipheko omkhulu wokufumana ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha okanye ukuphunyelwa sisisu. Qonda ngcono indlela imasisi ekuchaphazela ngayo ukukhulelwa.

Ukuba unawo nawaphi na amathandabuzo, bukela le vidiyo ilandelayo, apho i-biomedical yethu ichaza yonke into malunga neMasisi:

Ezinye zeemeko apho umntu anokuba nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, umzimba wakhe ungenako ukuyikhusela kwintsholongwane yemasisi, kubandakanya abantu abanyangwa umhlaza okanye uGawulayo, abantwana abazelwe benentsholongwane kaGawulayo, abantu abafumene ilungu lomzimba okanye abo kwimeko yokungondleki.