Yintoni iScrofula?

Umxholo

• Imifanekiso yescrofula
• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Yintoni ebangela oku?
• Imiba yomngcipheko
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Izinketho zonyango
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Ingcaciso

I-Scrofula yimeko apho ibhaktheriya ebangela isifo sephepha ibangela iimpawu ezingaphandle kwemiphunga. Oku kuhlala kuthatha uhlobo lwee-lymph node ezivuthayo nezicaphukisayo entanyeni.

Oogqirha bakwabiza i-scrofula "yi-lymphadenitis yesifo somlomo wesibeleko":

• Umlomo wesibeleko ubhekisela entanyeni.
• I-Lymphadenitis ibhekisa kukudumba kwii-lymph node, eziyinxalenye yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.

IScrofula lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo losulelo lwesifo sephepha esenzeka ngaphandle kwemiphunga.

Ngokwembali, i-scrofula yayibizwa ngokuba "bububi bokumkani." Kude kube yinkulungwane ye-18, oogqirha babecinga ukuba ekuphela kwendlela yokunyanga esi sifo yayikukuchukunyiswa lilungu losapho lwasebukhosini.

Ngethamsanqa, oogqirha bazi ngakumbi ngoku malunga nokuchonga, ukufumanisa isifo, nokunyanga le meko.

Imifanekiso yescrofula

Ziintoni iimpawu?

I-Scrofula ixhaphake kakhulu ibangela ukudumba kunye nezilonda kwicala lentamo. Esi siqhelo sihlala sisidumbu se-lymph node okanye iindawo ezinokuziva ngathi zincinci, zijikeleze i-nodule. I-nodule ihlala ingenabushushu okanye ifudumele ngaphandle kwebala. Isilonda sinokuqala ukuba sikhulu kwaye sinokukhupha ubofu okanye olunye ulwelo emva kweeveki ezininzi.

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu, umntu one-scrofula unokufumana:

• ifiva
• Isifo sokuqaqanjelwa sisisu okanye ukuziva ungaphilanga
• ukubila ebusuku
• ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga

I-Scrofula ayiqhelekanga kumazwe ahambele phambili apho isifo sephepha singesosifo esiqhelekileyo esosulelayo. I-Scrofula imele iipesenti ezili-10 zesifo sephepha esixilongwa ngoogqirha eUnited States. Isifo sephepha kumazwe angenazolimo.

Yintoni ebangela oku?

Isifo sephepha seMicobacterium, ibhaktiriya, sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo sescrofula kubantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, I-Mycobacterium avium intracellulare inokubangela nescrofula kwimeko ezimbalwa zamatyala.

Kubantwana, i-nontuberculosis bacteria ibangela ukuba ixhaphake. Abantwana banokuyifumana imeko ngokufaka izinto ezingcolileyo emilonyeni yabo.

Imiba yomngcipheko

Abantu abangaxhomekekanga emzimbeni basengozini enkulu yescrofula. I-akhawunti ye-Scrofula eqikelelwa kuwo onke amatyala esifo sephepha kubantu abangaxhomekekanga emzimbeni eUnited States.

Kumntu ongafakwanga emzimbeni ngenxa yemeko engaphantsi okanye amayeza, umzimba wakhe awunazo iiseli ezininzi zomzimba, ngakumbi iiseli zeT, ukulwa nezifo. Ngenxa yoko, basengozini yokufumana imeko.

Abo bane-HIV abakunyango lwe-antiretroviral bathambekele ekufumaneni iimpendulo ezikhulu zokuvuvukala kwintsholongwane yesifo sephepha.

Kufunyaniswa njani?

Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba intsholongwane yesifo sephepha inokubangela intamo yakho, baya kuhlala benza uvavanyo olwaziwa ngokuba luvavanyo lweprotein derivative (PPD). Olu vavanyo lubandakanya ukujova inani elincinci le-PPD ngaphantsi kwesikhumba.

Ukuba uneebhaktheriya zesifo sephepha ezikhoyo emzimbeni wakho, uyakufumana induction (indawo ephakanyisiweyo yolusu eneemilimitha ezininzi ubukhulu). Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ezinye iibhaktheriya zingabangela i-scrofula, olu vavanyo alukho iipesenti eziyi-100 ezichanekileyo.

Oogqirha bahlala bechonga i-scrofula ngokuthatha i-biopsy yolwelo kunye nezicubu ngaphakathi kwendawo etshisiweyo okanye iindawo ezijikeleze intamo. Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yindlela elungileyo yenaliti. Oku kubandakanya ukuthatha amanyathelo ngononophelo ukuze ungazisasazi iintsholongwane kwiindawo eziyingqongileyo.

Ugqirha angaqala a-odole ezinye i-imaging scans, ezinje nge-X-ray, ukumisela ukuba buchaphazeleka kangakanani na ubunzima okanye ubunzima obusentanyeni kwaye ukuba zijongeka njengezinye iimeko ze-scrofula. Ngamanye amaxesha, ekuqaleni, ugqirha unokuchonga ngempazamo i-scrofula njengomhlaza wentamo yomhlaza.

Akukho luvavanyo oluthile lwegazi lokufumanisa isifo se-scrofula. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho usenokuyalela iimvavanyo zegazi, ezinje nge-cat-scratch titers kunye novavanyo lwe-HIV, ukulawula ezinye iimeko.

Izinketho zonyango

I-Scrofula sisifo esibi kwaye inokufuna unyango kwisithuba seenyanga ezininzi. Ugqirha umisela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane iinyanga ezintandathu okanye nangaphezulu. Kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqala zonyango, abantu bahlala bethatha ii-antibiotics ezininzi, ezinje:

• isoniazid
• rifampin
• iethambutol

Emva kweli xesha, baya kuthatha i-isoniazid kunye ne-rifampin malunga neenyanga ezine ezongezelelweyo.

Ngexesha lokunyanga, ayiqhelekanga into yokuba ii-lymph node zikhule ngakumbi okanye ukuba i-lymph node ezintsha ezinesifo. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba “kukuphendula ngendlela exakayo.” Kubalulekile ukunamathela kunyango nokuba oku kuyenzeka.

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banokumisela i-steroids yomlomo, enokunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kwizilonda zescrofula.

Ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba asuse ngotyando okanye ubunzima bendoda emva konyango ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ubunzima abuhlali bunyangwa kude kube iibhaktheriya azisekho. Ngaphandle koko, ibhaktheriya inokubangela i-fistula, engumngxuma ophakathi kwe-lymph node kunye nomzimba. Esi siphumo sinokubangela ezinye iimpawu ezinzima.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

kwabo bane-scrofula banesifo sephepha kwimiphunga yabo. Kungenzeka ukuba i-scrofula ingasasazeka ngaphaya kwentamo kwaye ichaphazele ezinye iindawo zomzimba.

Kwakhona, umntu unokufumana inxeba elingapheliyo, elifunxayo entanyeni. Eli nxeba livulekileyo linokuvumela ezinye iintlobo zebhaktheriya emzimbeni, ezinokukhokelela kusulelo oluthe kratya.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

Ngonyango lwe-antibiotic, amazinga okuphulukisa i-scrofula ahle kakhulu, malunga nama-89 ukuya kuma-94 ekhulwini. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unokuba nesifo sephepha okanye uneempawu zescrofula, jonga ugqirha wakho kuvavanyo lolusu lwesifo sephepha. Ezi zikwafumaneka kumasebe amaninzi ezempilo esixekweni nakwizithili njengendlela ekhawulezayo nexabiso eliphantsi yokufumanisa isifo sephepha.