Ukuphazamiseka kwiXesha leXesha (iNgxaki enkulu yoXinzelelo kunye nePateni yamaXesha)

Umxholo

• Zithini izizathu zengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwamaxesha onyaka?
• Zithini iimpawu zengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwamaxesha onyaka?
• Ichongwa njani ingxaki yokuphazamiseka kwamaxesha onyaka?
• Sinyangwa njani isifo esichaphazeleka ngokwamaxesha athile?
• Ndingalufumana nini uncedo lwezonyango?

Yintoni ingxaki yokuphazamiseka kwamaxesha onyaka?

Ukuphazamiseka okwenzeka ngamaxesha athile onyaka (i-SAD) ligama elidala lesifo esiphazamisayo (MDD) esineepateni zonyaka. Yimeko yengqondo ebangela ukudakumba, okuqhele ukucaphukiswa lutshintsho lwamaxesha onyaka. Abantu bafumana imeko ebusika. Imeko edla ngokwenzeka kakhulu kubafazi nakwishumi elivisayo nakubantu abadala abancinci.

Zithini izizathu zengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwamaxesha onyaka?

Isizathu ngqo se-SAD (MDD enepateni yonyaka) asaziwa. Izinto ezinegalelo zinokwahluka kumntu ngomntu.Nangona kunjalo, abantu abahlala kwiindawo zelizwe ezinobusuku obude basebusika (ngenxa yeendawo eziphezulu) kunye nokukhanya kwelanga okuncinci kunethuba lokufumana imeko. Umzekelo, i-SAD ixhaphake kakhulu eCanada naseAlaska kunakwilanga laseFlorida.

Ukukhanya kucingelwa ukuba kuchaphazele i-SAD. Enye inkcazo kukuba ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwelanga kuchaphazela iwotshi yendalo elawula iihomoni, ukulala kunye neemood. Enye inkolelo kukuba iikhemikhali zengqondo ezixhomekeke ekukhanyeni zichaphazeleka kakhulu kulabo abane-SAD.

Abantu abanamalungu osapho anembali yeemeko zengqondo nabo basemngciphekweni omkhulu kwi-SAD.

Zithini iimpawu zengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwamaxesha onyaka?

Ngelixa i-SAD ichaphazela abantu ngokwahlukileyo, iimpawu zihlala ziqala ngo-Okthobha okanye ngo-Novemba kwaye ziphele ngo-Matshi okanye ngo-Epreli. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube neempawu ngaphambi okanye emva kweli xesha.

Ngokubanzi, kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-SAD: ixesha lobusika kunye nexesha lasehlotyeni.

Iimpawu zexesha lobusika i-SAD zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa emini
• ubunzima bokugxila
• iimvakalelo zokuphelelwa lithemba
• ukwanda kokucaphuka
• ukungabikho komdla kwimisebenzi yentlalo
• ukungakhathali
• ukunciphisa umdla wesondo
• ukungonwabi
• ukutyeba kwakho

Iimpawu zexesha lexesha lasehlotyeni i-SAD zibandakanya:

• ukuphazamiseka
• ubunzima bokulala
• ukwanda kokungazinzi
• ukungabikho komdla
• ukuhla ukusinda

Kwiimeko ezinzima, abantu abane-SAD banokufumana iingcinga zokuzibulala.

Ichongwa njani ingxaki yokuphazamiseka kwamaxesha onyaka?

Iimpawu ze-SAD zinokuzibonisa ezinye iimeko. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukuxhuzula
• hypothyroidism
• mononucleosis

Ugqirha unokucebisa iimvavanyo ezininzi zokulawula ezi meko ngaphambi kokuba bafumane i-SAD, njengokuvavanywa kwehomoni ye-thyroid kunye novavanyo olulula lwegazi.

Ugqirha okanye ugqirha wengqondo uza kukubuza imibuzo eliqela malunga neempawu zakho kwaye xa uziqaphele okokuqala. Abantu abane-SAD bahlala befumana iimpawu minyaka le. Ayidibani ngokwesiqhelo nomsitho weemvakalelo, njengokuphela kobudlelwane bothando.

Sinyangwa njani isifo esichaphazeleka ngokwamaxesha athile?

Zombini ezi ntlobo ze-SAD zinokunyangwa ngengcebiso nangonyango. Olunye unyango lwexesha le-SAD lasebusika lonyango olulula. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa ibhokisi yokukhanya ekhethekileyo okanye i-visor ubuncinci imizuzu engama-30 yonke imihla ukuphindaphinda ukukhanya kwendalo.

Olunye ukhetho lonyango kukusa kwasekuseni. Isebenzisa isibane esisebenza ngexesha lokulinganisa ukuphuma kwelanga, esinceda ukukhuthaza iwotshi yomzimba.

Unyango olukhanyayo kufuneka lusetyenziswe kuphela phantsi kweliso likagqirha nakwizixhobo ezivunyiweyo. Eminye imithombo ekhupha ukukhanya, enjengemibhede yokuqhawula iinwele, ayikhuselekanga ukuba ingasetyenziswa.

Imikhwa yokuphila esempilweni inokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu ze-SAD. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• ukutya okusempilweni ngeprotein ebuthathaka, iziqhamo, kunye nemifuno
• umthambo
• ukulala rhoqo

Abanye abantu baxhamla kumayeza afana noxinzelelo. Oku kunokubandakanya amayeza afana ne-fluoxetine (Prozac) kunye ne-bupropion (Wellbutrin). Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba leliphi iyeza elilunge ngakumbi ukunyanga iimpawu zakho.

Ndingalufumana nini uncedo lwezonyango?

Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-SAD, jonga ugqirha, umcebisi, okanye ugqirha wezifo zengqondo.

Ukuba uneengcinga zokufuna ukuzenzakalisa okanye ukwenzakalisa abanye abantu, okanye uziva ngathi ubomi abusenanto yakwenza nokuphila, funa unyango kwangoko okanye utsalele umnxeba iNational Suicide Prevention Lifeline ku-800-273-TALK (8255) ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe vetshe.