Ukuqonda ubunzima beCOPD

Umxholo

• Ukukrala kwemiphunga
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo ye-COPD
• Umhlaza wemiphunga
• Seswekile
• Isifo sengqondo esiyingozi
• Ukuphela kwamanqanaba eCOPD
• Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Yintoni isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga?

Isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD) sibhekisa kwingqokelela yezifo zemiphunga ezinokukhokelela kumoya ovaliweyo. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla kwaye kubangele ukukhohlela, ukuvutha, kunye nemveliso yencindi.

Abantu abaneCOPD bahlala bephuhlisa ezinye iimeko kunye nezifo ezinxulumene neCOPD.

Kulabo bahlala neCOPD, yonke imiphefumlo ingaba nzima. Abantu abane-COPD banokuba semngciphekweni weengxaki ezinzulu ezingabeki impilo yabo esichengeni kuphela, kodwa zibulale. Nazi ezinye zezo ngxaki, kunye neengcebiso zokuzikhusela.

Ukukrala kwemiphunga

I-pneumonia yenzeka xa iintsholongwane ezinjengebhaktheriya okanye intsholongwane zingena emiphungeni, zidala usulelo.

Ngokwe, oqhelekileyo wentsholongwane ebangela inyumoniya yintsholongwane yomkhuhlane, ebangela umkhuhlane, kunye nentsholongwane yokuphefumla i-syncytial virus (RSV). I-CDC ikwaphawula ukuba unobangela oqhelekileyo wenyumoniya yi-pneumonia IStreptococcus pneumoniae.

I-pneumonia ibekwe ngokulinganayo nomkhuhlane njengoyena nobangela wesibhozo wokufa kweli lizwe. Isifo siyingozi ngakumbi kwabo banesifo semiphunga esingasebenzi kakuhle, njengaleyo ineCOPD. Kuba bantu, kunokubangela ukonyuka komonakalo kwimiphunga.

Oku kunokukhokelela ekuphenduleni kwamaketanga kwezifo ezinokuthi zinciphise imiphunga ngakumbi kwaye zikhokelele ekuwohlokeni ngokukhawuleza kwempilo kubantu abaneCOPD.

Impilo esemgangathweni iyonke kukuthintela usulelo kubantu abane-COPD. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo:

• Phuza amanzi amaninzi, ngakumbi amanzi, ukugcina i-bronchioles enempilo ngelixa unciphisa i-mucus kunye ne-secretions.
• Yeka ukutshaya ukuze ugcine amajoni omzimba asempilweni kunye nempilo yemiphunga.
• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo.
• Kulumkele ukunxibelelana nabantu obaziyo ukuba bayagula zizifo zokuphefumla.
• Khubaza abahlobo kunye nosapho abagulayo ukuba bangatyeleli ikhaya lakho.
• Fumana isitofu sokuthintela inyumoniya kunye nokugonya komkhuhlane minyaka le.

Ukusilela kwentliziyo ye-COPD

Enye yeengxaki ezibaluleke kakhulu kwiCOPD kukusilela kwentliziyo.

Ngenxa yokuba abantu abaneCOPD banamanqanaba asezantsi eoksijini kwigazi labo kwaye ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi wemiphunga unxibelelene ngokusondeleyo nomsebenzi wentliziyo, iintliziyo zabo ziya kuhlala zichaphazeleka xa imiphunga yabo igula.

Ngokutsho kwe, oku kunokubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwexinzelelo lwe-pulmonary lube lukhulu ukuya kwinqanaba lokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kwinqanaba le-5 ukuya kwi-10 labantu abane-COPD ephezulu.

Kubantu abaninzi, ukunyanga ngokwaneleyo i-COPD kunokunceda ekuthinteleni isifo ukuba siqhubele phambili ukuya kwindawo apho sibangela ukusilela kwentliziyo.

Kodwa ngenxa yokuba uninzi lweempawu zokusilela kwentliziyo zinokufana nezo zeCOPD, kunokuba nzima kubantu ukuba babone ukuba banemicimbi yentliziyo.

Inyathelo lokuqala lokuthintela ukusilela kwentliziyo kukucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kweCOPD. Nazi iindlela ezimbalwa ezilula zokwenza oku:

• Zibandakanye kwimisebenzi yomzimba ethambileyo ukuya kumodareyitha yokwakha amandla wentliziyo kunye nemiphunga.
• Gcina isicwangciso sakho sonyango seCOPD njengoko uyalelwe ngugqirha.
• Yeka ukutshaya ngokukhawuleza.

Umhlaza wemiphunga

Ekubeni i-COPD ihlala ibangelwa ukutshaya, akumangalisi ukuba abantu abaneCOPD banomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga.

Nangona kunjalo, ukutshaya akunakuba kuphela konxibelelwano phakathi kweCOPD kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga. Ukubonakaliswa kwezinye iikhemikhali kwindalo ephazamisa imiphunga kunokubangela ukuba umntu athambekele ekuphuhliseni i-COPD okanye umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Imfuza nayo inokudlala indima.

Kuba umhlaza wemiphunga uhlala ubulala, kubalulekile ukuba abantu abane-COPD baphephe izinto ezonakalisa ngakumbi imiphunga, ngakumbi ukutshaya.

Seswekile

I-COPD ayibangeli isifo seswekile, kodwa inokwenza kube nzima ukulawula iimpawu ezinzima zesifo seswekile. Enye ingxaki ebalulekileyo yokuba ne-COPD kunye nesifo sikashukela sinokubakho kumayeza athile asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-COPD ukuchaphazela kakubi ukulawula i-glucose.

Abantu abanesifo seswekile kunye ne-COPD banokufumana ukuba iimpawu zabo ziya zisiba mbi ngenxa yokuba isifo seswekile sinokwenza umonakalo nakwinkqubo yeentliziyo, ezinokuthi ziqhubeke kwaye zichaphazele ukusebenza kwazo kwemiphunga.

Ukutshaya kunokuba mandundu kweempawu zesifo seswekile kunye neCOPD, ke kubalulekile ukuba uyeke ukutshaya ngokukhawuleza.

Ukufunda ukulawula iswekile yegazi, ngesiqhelo ngoncedo lukagqirha wakho, kunokunceda ukugcina iimpawu zeCOPD zingangxami. Isifo seswekile esingalawulwayo esibangela amanqanaba eswekile aphezulu egazini anokukhokelela kunciphiso lomsebenzi wemiphunga.

Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba amayeza abawamiselayo aya kusebenza ukunyanga zombini iimeko ezinefuthe elibi nakwezinye. Oku kunokukunceda ulawule ngokufanelekileyo ezi zifo zimbini ngaxeshanye.

Isifo sengqondo esiyingozi

Ukwehla kwengqondo ngokuthe ngcembe kwabantu abaninzi abaneCOPD enzima kunokuba nzima kubathandekayo. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, okwenzeka kwabo banesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala abane-COPD, okwenza ukuba kube nzima ngakumbi ukulawula iimpawu.

I-COPD yinto enobungozi ekuphuhliseni isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Iimeko ezinje ngeoksijini ephantsi kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-carbon dioxide anokulimaza ingqondo ngenxa yeCOPD, kunye nomonakalo owongezelelweyo we-cerebrovascular obangelwa kukutshaya nawo udlala indima ekuphuhliseni isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo kunye neCOPD.

Unganceda ukuthintela isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo ngokuthatha la manyathelo:

• Gcina ubunzima bomzimba obusempilweni.
• Ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile kunye ne-cholesterol.
• Musa ukutshaya iimveliso zecuba.
• Gcina ingqondo yakho ibukhali ngokuzibandakanya rhoqo kwizinto ezikhuthaza ingqondo, ezinje ngeepuzzle zamagama kunye neminye imidlalo yengqondo.

Ukuphela kwamanqanaba eCOPD

I-COPD ngoyena nobangela wesithathu wokufa kwabantu eMelika.Oogqirha bahlala bengakwazi ukunika isifo kwangaphambili emva kokuba umntu efumene isifo seCOPD. Abanye abantu banokuhlala nje iinyanga ezimbalwa, ngelixa abanye bephila iminyaka.

Ukulindela ubomi kuxhomekeke kakhulu kubudala bomntu ngexesha lokuchongwa kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo. Abo bane-COPD yokumodareyitha ukuya kwelona qatha baya kunciphisa ixesha lokuphila ngaphandle kweminyaka yabo.

Ukusilela kokuphefumla kungunobangela oqhelekileyo wokufa okuhambelana neCOPD. Emva kweenyanga, iminyaka, okanye amashumi eminyaka yokuzamana neengxaki zemiphunga, imiphunga iyayeka ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo.

Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo ikwayinto yokufa kwabantu kwiCOPD, kwaye iCOPD ihlala inegalelo kwiingxaki zentliziyo.

Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

I-COPD yimeko enzima, kodwa kukho ukubakho kokuqhubela phambili kwayo kunokucothiswa ngoncedo olufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ukwazi oonobangela, ukuxilongwa kunye nokuqala unyango kwangoko, kunye nokuqonda indlela yokuzama ukuthintela isifo ukuba sibe mandundu zizitshixo zokuhlala usempilweni kwaye wonwabele ubomi obude.