Iimpawu ezili-10 ezinokuba ngumhlaza wemiphunga

Umxholo

• Iimpawu kumanqanaba akutshanje
• 1. Ithumba lepancoast
• 2. Imetastasis
• Izizathu eziphambili zomhlaza wemiphunga
• Kutheni ukutshaya kunokubangela umhlaza
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza

Iimpawu zomhlaza wemiphunga azicacanga kwaye zixhaphakile kwezinye izifo zokuphefumla, ezinje nge-pulmonary emphysema, bronchitis kunye nenyumoniya. Ke, umhlaza wemiphunga ubonakaliswa ngu:

1. Ukukhohlela okumileyo nokungapheliyo;
2. Ubunzima bokuphefumla;
3. Ukuphefumla okufutshane;
4. Ukunciphisa ukutya;
5. Ukuhla ukusinda;
6. Ukudakumba;
7. Umqolo obuhlungu;
8. Iintlungu zesifuba;
9. Igazi kwi-phlegm;
10. Ukudinwa kakhulu.

Kwinqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza wemiphunga kuhlala kungekho zimpawu, zibonakala kuphela xa isifo sele sikwinqanaba eliphambili. Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu azichazwanga, umntu uhlala engayi kwagqirha ukuba ukhohlela kuphela, umzekelo, esenza ukuba isifo sifike emva kwexesha.

Iimpawu kumanqanaba akutshanje

Uninzi lwexesha, umhlaza wemiphunga ubonwa kwizigaba eziphambili kakhulu. Kule nqanaba, iimpawu zihlala zibandakanya i-phlegm enegazi, ubunzima bokugwinya, ukukhawuleza kunye nokusuleleka kwintsholongwane.

Ukongeza, kunokubakho ukubonakaliswa kunye neengxaki zomhlaza wemiphunga, ezinje ngePancoast tumor kunye ne-metastasis, ebonisa iimpawu ezithile:

1. Ithumba lepancoast

Ithumba lepancoast, uhlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga olukwindawo ephezulu yamaphaphu asekunene okanye ekhohlo, ineempawu ezithile, ezinje ngokudumba kunye nentlungu engalweni nasegxalabeni, ukunciphisa amandla emisipha kunye nokunyuka kobushushu besikhumba kwingingqi yobuso, ukungabikho kombilo kunye nokuwa kwejwabu leso.

2. Imetastasis

I-Metastasis yenzeka xa iiseli zomhlaza zihanjiswa zisiya kwamanye amalungu omzimba ngokuhamba kwegazi okanye iimpahla ze-lymphatic. I-Metastasis inokwenzeka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kwaye, ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo eyenzeka kuyo, inokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo.

Kwi-metastasis yemiphunga kunokubakho iintlungu zesifuba ezingahambelaniyo nokuphefumla okanye ukungxola. Kwi-metastasis yengqondo kunokubakho intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye nokusilela kwentliziyo. Kwimeko ye-metastasis yethambo, iintlungu zethambo kunye nokuqhekeka okuphindaphindayo kunokwenzeka. Xa kukho imastastasis yesibindi kuqhelekile ukonyusa ubungakanani besibindi, ukwehla kobunzima obuncinci kunye neentlungu kwicala lasekunene lesisu.

Izizathu eziphambili zomhlaza wemiphunga

Oyena mntu uphambili kuphuhliso lomhlaza wemiphunga kukusetyenziswa kwecuba, kuba malunga neepesenti ezingama-90 zazo zonke iimeko zolu hlobo lomhlaza zivela kubantu abatshayayo, kwaye umngcipheko unyuka ngokwenani lecuba elitshaywayo ngosuku kunye neminyaka yokutshaya .

Nangona kunjalo, umhlaza wemiphunga unokwenzeka nakwabo bangakhange batshaye, ngakumbi kwabo bahlala benxibelelana nomsi wecuba okanye ezinye iikhemikhali ezinje ngeradon, iarsenic okanye iberyllium, umzekelo, nangona lo mngcipheko uphantsi kakhulu kunalowo utshayayo .

Kutheni ukutshaya kunokubangela umhlaza

Umsi wesigarethi ubunjwe zizinto ezininzi ezibangela umdlavuza ezigcwalisa imiphunga ngexesha lokutshaya, ezinjenge tar kunye ne benzene, ezenza umonakalo kwiiseli ezihambelana ngaphakathi kwilungu.

Xa ezi zilonda zisenzeka amaxesha ngamaxesha, umphunga unokukwazi ukuzilungisa, kodwa xa zisenzeka rhoqo, njengakwimeko yabantu abatshayayo, iiseli azikwazi ukuzilungisa ngokukhawuleza, zibangele ukuphindaphindeka kweeseli kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ngumhlaza.

Ukongeza, ukutshaya kunxulunyaniswa nembonakalo yezinye iingxaki zempilo, ezinje nge-emphysema, isifo sentliziyo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwememori. Khangela izifo ezili-10 ezibangelwa kukutshaya.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza

Izinto ezibonakala ngathi zonyusa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga zibandakanya:

• Umsi;
• Ukuphefumlela abanye abantu umsi wecuba, yiyo loo nto ungumntu nje otshayayo;
• Ukuhlala uchanabeke kwiradoni yerhasi kunye nezinye iikhemikhali eziyingozi ezinje nge-arsenic, asbestos (asbestos), beryllium, cadmium, hydrocarbons, silica, mustard gas kunye ne-nickel;
• Ukuhlala kwimimandla enongcoliseko oluninzi lokusingqongileyo;
• Yiba nobume bemfuza, kwaye abantu abanembali yabazali okanye ootatomkhulu abanomhlaza wemiphunga banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu.

Ukongeza, ukunyangwa kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza kungonyusa umngcipheko, njengakwimeko yomhlaza webele, i-lymphoma okanye umhlaza kumatyhalarha aphathwe nge-radiotherapy, umzekelo.

Abantu abanezi zinto zinobungozi kufuneka benze utyelelo rhoqo kugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye ugqirha wemiphunga, njengendlela yokwenza uvavanyo lwempilo yemiphunga kunye nokuvavanywa kwalo naluphi na utshintsho olucebisayo, njenge-nodule.