Iimpawu eziphambili zedyslexia (ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala)

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili emntwaneni
• Iimpawu eziphambili kubantu abadala
• Amagama aqhelekileyo kunye neeleta endaweni yoko
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Iimpawu zedyslexia, ebonakaliswa njengobunzima ekubhaleni, ekuthetheni nasekupeleni, zihlala zichongwa ngexesha lokufunda nokubantwana, xa umntwana engena esikolweni kwaye ebonisa ubunzima obukhulu ekufundeni.

Nangona kunjalo, i-dyslexia inokuphela ifunyaniswa sele ikhulile, ngakumbi xa umntwana engakhange aye esikolweni.

Nangona i-dyslexia ingenalo unyango, lukhona unyango lokunceda umntu one-dyslexia ukuba oyise, kangangoko kunokwenzeka nakwizakhono zabo, ubunzima ekufundeni, ekubhaleni nasekupeleni.

Iimpawu eziphambili emntwaneni

Iimpawu zokuqala zedyslexia zinokubonakala ebuntwaneni bokuqala, kubandakanya:

• Qala ukuthetha kamva;
• Ukulibaziseka kuphuhliso lweemoto njengokukhasa, ukuhlala nokuhamba;
• Umntwana akakuqondi oko akuvayo;
• Kunzima ukufunda ukukhwela ibhayisikile enamavili amathathu;
• Ubunzima bokuziqhelanisa nesikolo;
• Iingxaki zokulala;
• Umntwana unokuba ne-hyperactive okanye u-hypoactive;
• Ukulila kunye nokungazinzi okanye ukuphazamiseka rhoqo.

Ukusukela kwiminyaka ye-7, iimpawu zedyslexia inokuba:

• Umntwana uthatha ixesha elide ukwenza umsebenzi wesikolo okanye angawenza ngokukhawuleza kodwa eneempazamo ezininzi;
• Ubunzima bokufunda nokubhala, ukwenza, ukudibanisa okanye ukushiya amagama;
• Kunzima ukuqonda izicatshulwa;
• Umntwana unokushiya, ongeze, atshintshe okanye aguqule ukulandelelana kunye nokuhanjiswa kweeleta kunye neesilabhili;
• Ubunzima bokugxila;
• Umntwana akafuni kufunda, ngakumbi ngokuvakalayo;
• Umntwana akakuthandi ukuya esikolweni, ukuba nesisu esibuhlungu xa esiya esikolweni okanye ifiva ngeentsuku zovavanyo;
• Landela umgca wesicatshulwa ngeminwe yakho;
• Umntwana ukulibala ngokulula oko akufundayo aze alahleke kwisithuba kunye nexesha;
• Ukudideka phakathi kwekhohlo nasekunene, phezulu nasezantsi, ngaphambili nasemva;
• Umntwana unengxaki yokufunda iiyure, ukulandelelana kunye nokubala, ukufuna iminwe;
• Umntwana akasithandi isikolo, ukufunda, imathematika nokubhala;
• Ubunzima kupelo;
• Ukubhala okucothayo, kunye nokubhala okungalunganga nokuxineneyo.

Abantwana beDyslexic bakwanobunzima bebhayisikile, ukubopha amaqhosha, ukubopha imitya yezihlangu, ukugcina ulungelelwano kunye nokwenza umthambo. Ukongeza, iingxaki zokuthetha njengokutshintsha ukusuka ku-R uye ku-L nazo zinokubangelwa sisifo esibizwa ngokuba yiDyslalia. Ukuqonda ngcono ukuba yintoni i-dyslalia kunye nendlela ephathwa ngayo.

Iimpawu eziphambili kubantu abadala

Iimpawu zedyslexia kubantu abadala, nangona zingenakubakho zonke, kunokuba:

• Thatha ixesha elide ukufunda incwadi;
• Xa ufunda, tsiba isiphelo samagama;
• Kunzima ukucinga ukuba ubhale ntoni;
• Kunzima ukwenza amanqaku;
• Kunzima ukulandela oko abanye bakutshoyo kunye nokulandelelana;
• Ubunzima kubalo lwengqondo kunye nolawulo lwexesha;
• Ukungafuni ukubhala, umzekelo, imiyalezo;
• Ubunzima bokuqonda kakuhle intsingiselo yesicatshulwa;
• Kufuneka uphinde ufunde isicatshulwa esinye amaxesha amaninzi ukuze uyiqonde;
• Ubunzima bokubhala, iimpazamo zokutshintsha iileta nokulibala okanye ukudideka ngokunxulumene neziphumlisi negrama;
• Ukuphambanisa imiyalelo okanye iinombolo zefowuni, umzekelo;
• Ubunzima ekucwangciseni, ekucwangciseni nasekulawuleni ixesha okanye imisebenzi.

Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, umntu one-dyslexia unonxibelelwano kakhulu, unxibelelana kakuhle kwaye uyathandeka, enobuntu kakhulu.

Amagama aqhelekileyo kunye neeleta endaweni yoko

Uninzi lwabantwana abane-dyslexia bayabhidisa oonobumba namagama afanayo, kwaye kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukubuyisela umva oonobumba xa bebhala, njengokubhala 'me' endaweni ka 'in' okanye 'd' endaweni ka 'b'. Kwitheyibhile engezantsi sinika eminye imizekelo:

Enye into ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kukuba i-dyslexia inecandelo losapho, ke urhano luyonyuka xa omnye wabazali okanye ootatomkhulu befunyenwe bene-dyslexia ngaphambili.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntu une-dyslexia, kufuneka kwenziwe uvavanyo oluthile ekufuneka luphendulwe ngabazali, ngootitshala nangabantu abasondeleyo emntwaneni. Uvavanyo lunemibuzo eliqela malunga nokuziphatha komntwana kwiinyanga ezi-6 ezidlulileyo kwaye kufuneka kuvavanywe yingcali yezengqondo eya kuthi nayo inike inkomba yokuba umntwana makajongwe njani.

Ukongeza ekuchongeni ukuba ngaba umntwana une-dyslexia, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuphendula eminye imibuzo ukufumana ukuba, ukongeza kwi-dyslexia, umntwana unenye imeko efana ne-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ekhoyo phantse kwisiqingatha samatyala Yedyslexia.