Ungazichonga njani iimpawu zoTywala

Umxholo

• 1. Ukudakumba iziyobisi
• 2. Ukukhuthaza iziyobisi
• 3. Unyango lwekhawuntareni

Ukugqithisa kwenzeka xa libanda kakhulu iziyobisi, amayeza okanye naluphi na uhlobo lweziyobisi, nokuba kungenisa, kungenisa inhalation okanye inaliti ngqo kwigazi.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, imeko ye-overdose yenzeka ngokusetyenziswa kweeopioid, njengoko kunjalo nge-morphine okanye i-heroin, kwaye, ke, iimpawu zokudlula ngaphezulu zihambelana neengxaki zokuphefumla. Nangona kunjalo, zikhona ezinye iintlobo zamachiza ezinokubangela ukuba ugqithise, kwaye kwezi meko, iimpawu zinokwahluka, kuxhomekeke kudidi lweziyobisi.

Nokuba zithini na iimpawu, nanini na xa umntu efunyanwa engekho zingqondweni eneempawu zokuba usebenzisa iziyobisi okanye uhlobo oluthile lonyango, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubiza uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza, ukubiza u-192, okanye ukuthatha umntu esibhedlele, ukuqala unyango lokudlula okanye ngokukhawuleza. Jonga ukuba wenzeni xa ungaphaya kwexesha kunye nendlela unyango olwenziwe ngayo.

1. Ukudakumba iziyobisi

Amachiza oxinzelelo ayanciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo kwaye, ke, zisetyenziselwa ukufumana ukuphumla.

Olona hlobo luphambili lwamachiza oxinzelelo zii-opioid, ezibandakanya iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni, ezinje ngeheroin, kodwa kunye ne-analgesics zentlungu ebuhlungu kakhulu, njenge-codeine, i-oxycodone, i-fentanyl okanye i-morphine, umzekelo. Ukongeza, iziyobisi ezichasayo okanye iipilisi zokulala ziyinxalenye yeli qela.

Xa usebenzisa olu hlobo lwamachiza, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukugqithisa komzimba kuhamba kunye neempawu ezinjenge:

• Ukuphefumla okungenamandla okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla;
• Ukurhona okanye ukuphefumla okubomvu, kubonisa ukuba kukho into ethintela imiphunga;
• Imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye neenzipho zeminwe;
• Ukungabikho kwamandla kunye nokulala ngokugqithiseleyo;
• Abafundi abavaliweyo;
• Ukuphazamiseka;
• Ukuhla kwenqanaba lentliziyo;
• Ukuphelelwa ngamandla, akukho mpendulo xa uzama ukushukuma uvuse ixhoba.

Nokuba ukugqithisa kungachongwa ngexesha lokucela uncedo kwezonyango, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwala machiza kunye nokungena kurhulumente wokudlula kungabangela ukonakala kwengqondo okungapheliyo.

Kwimeko ye-opioids, abanye abantu abasebenzisa rhoqo ezi ntlobo zezinto banokuba ne "anti-overdose kit", enepeni ye-naloxone. I-Naloxone sisiyobisi esiguqula iziphumo ze-opioids kwingqondo kwaye esinokulisindisa ixhoba kwi-overdose xa lisetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza. Jonga ukuba ulisebenzisa njani eli chiza.

2. Ukukhuthaza iziyobisi

Ngokungafaniyo neziyobisi ezixinzelelweyo, izikhuthazi zinoxanduva lokunyusa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yeemvakalelo, ebangela ukuvuseleleka, imincili kunye nemincili. Olu hlobo lweziyobisi lusetyenziswa ikakhulu ngabantu abakwishumi elivisayo kunye nabantu abadala ukuba bafumane iziphumo ezinje ngamanqanaba okwandisa amandla, ixesha lokujonga, ukuzithemba kunye nokwamkelwa.

Eminye imizekelo yicocaine, methamphetamine, LSD okanye i-ecstasy, umzekelo. Iimpawu zokudlula kwezi zinto zinokubandakanya:

• Ukuphazamiseka okugqithisileyo;
• Ukudideka kwengqondo;
• Abafundi abaqaqambileyo;
• Iintlungu zesifuba;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Ukuxhuzula;
• Ifiva;
• Ukunyuka kwentliziyo;
• Ukuphazamiseka, paranoia, nemibono;
• Ukuphulukana nokuqonda.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezininzi ngaxeshanye kwaye ungatyi kakuhle kukonyusa umngcipheko wokudlula kunye nokufa.

3. Unyango lwekhawuntareni

Nangona uninzi lwamayeza e-counter-counter, afana neParacetamol okanye i-Ibuprofen, ekhuselekile ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle kokulawulwa ngonyango rhoqo, kunokubangela ukugqithisa. Ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba neengcebiso zonyango kwangaphambili ukuba yeyiphi idosi oza kuyisebenzisa, ngakumbi kwimeko yabantwana.

Elinye lawona matyala aqhelekileyo yiParacetamol overdose, ethande ukwenziwa ngabantu abazama ukuzibulala. Olu hlobo lonyango lubangela ukonakala kwesibindi xa kusetyenziswa iidosi eziphezulu kunokuba kubonisiwe kwaye, ke, ezona mpawu ziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• Intlungu ebuhlungu kwicala lasekunene lesisu;
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Isiyezi esinamandla;
• Ukuxhuzula;
• Ukufa isiqaqa.

Kuxhomekeka kwidosi esetyenziswe kwi-overdose, iimpawu zinokuthatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezi-2 okanye ezi-3 ukuba zivele, nangona kunjalo, izilonda zikhula esibindini ukusukela oko kungene iyeza. Ke, ngalo lonke ixesha uthatha idosi ephezulu ngengozi, kuya kufuneka uye esibhedlele, nokuba akukho zimpawu.