I-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu ze-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango lwe-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Ukuqikelela kwimeko ye-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

I-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma luhlobo lomhlaza ochaphazela ii-lymph node, ezonyusa ukwanda kwazo, kwaye zichaphazela ikakhulu iiseli zokhuselo lohlobo B. Iimpawu zesifo zibonakala njengoko amajoni omzimba esiba buthathaka, ngokubonakala kweempawu ezinjengokubila ebusuku, umkhuhlane kunye nolusu olurhawuzayo, umzekelo, nangona kunjalo kunokubakho ezinye iimpawu kuxhomekeke apho umhlaza ukhula khona.

Kubalulekile ukuba olu hlobo lwe-lymphoma luchongwe kumanqanaba okuqala, njengoko kunokwenzeka ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwethumba kwaye ke linethuba elikhulu lokunyanga. Unyango kufuneka lukhokelwe yi-oncologist, enokuthi yenziwe nge-radiotherapy, ichemotherapy okanye ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ze-monoclonal.

Iimpawu ze-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-lymphoma ayibangeli naluphi na uhlobo lweempawu, ichongwa kuphela kumanqanaba aphezulu ngakumbi ngenxa yotshintsho kumongo wethambo, ophazamisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuveliswa kweeseli zegazi ezisempilweni. Ukongeza, iimpawu ze-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni zikhula phi emzimbeni. Ke, ngokubanzi, iimpawu eziphambili ezinxulumene ne-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma zezi:

Ukonyuka kwe-lymph node, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-lingua, ikakhulu entanyeni, emva kweendlebe, amakhwapha kunye nokugcuma;

• Anemia;
• Ukudinwa kakhulu;
• Ifiva;
• Ukungabikho kwamandla okwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla;
• Ukubila ebusuku;
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Ukurhawuzelela ulusu;
• Ukudumba ebusweni okanye emzimbeni;
• Ukuthoba umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu;
• Ukopha ngokulula;
• Inkangeleko yemivumbo emzimbeni;
• Ukuqunjelwa kunye nokuqaqanjelwa sisisu;
• Ukuziva sisisu esipheleleyo emva kokutya ukutya okuncinci.

Kubalulekile ukuba umntu abonane nogqirha jikelele nje ukuba abone ukuvela kwe-tingles, ngakumbi ukuba ikhatshwa zezinye iimpawu, njengoko kunokwenzeka ukuba kungenziwa iimvavanyo ezinokuqinisekisa isifo kwaye, yiyo loo nto, unyango olufanelekileyo, ukukhuthaza umgangatho wobomi.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuchongwa kwe-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma kufuneka kwenziwe ngugqirha oqhelekileyo kwaye emva koko yi-oncologist ngokuvavanya iimpawu eziziswe ngumntu kunye nokuvavanya imbali yomntu. Ukongeza, ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, kukwacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwegazi, ii-biopsies, uvavanyo lwe-imaging, njenge-tomography, ukuhlolwa kwezifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, njenge-HIV kunye ne-hepatitis B, kunye ne-myelogram.

Olu vavanyo lusebenza ukuqinisekisa ubukho besifo kunye nokuchonga uhlobo lwethumba kunye nenqanaba lalo, elibalulekileyo kukhetho lonyango.

Unyango lwe-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Unyango lwe-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma kufuneka lwenziwe ngokwesikhokelo se-oncologist kwaye luhluka ngohlobo kunye nenqanaba le-lymphoma, kunye notyando kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza anciphisa ukwanda kwethumba, ukukhuthaza ukuveliswa kweseli yegazi kunye nokuphucula umntu umgangatho wobomi.

Ke, unyango lolu hlobo lwe-lymphoma lwenziwa ngokudibanisa i-chemotherapy, i-radiotherapy kunye ne-immunotherapy, apho ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezisebenza ngenjongo yokumisa ukwanda kweeseli zomhlaza, ukukhuthaza ukupheliswa kwethumba kunye nokwanda kwemveliso iiseli zokhuselo lomzimba.

Iiseshoni zeChemotherapy zihlala umndilili weeyure ezi-4, apho umntu afumana amayeza omlomo kunye nawokujova, nangona kunjalo, xa i-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma inzima kakhulu, inokudityaniswa neeseshoni ze-radiotherapy kwindawo ye-lymphoma ukukhuthaza ukupheliswa kwethumba. Zombini i-chemo kunye ne-radiotherapy zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje ngokuba isicaphucaphu kunye nokulahleka kweenwele.

Ukongeza kunyango oluboniswe yi-oncologist, kubalulekile ukuba umntu agcine indlela yokuphila esempilweni, ukuziqhelanisa nokwenza umthambo rhoqo nokuba nokutya okusempilweni kunye nokutya okunesondlo, ekufuneka kukhokelwe yingcali yezondlo.

Ukuqikelela kwimeko ye-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Ukuxelwa kwangaphambili kwimeko ye-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma ibaluleke kakhulu, njengoko ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi ezinje ngohlobo lwesisu umntu anaso, inqanaba laso, imeko yempilo yomntu ngokubanzi, uhlobo lonyango esele lwenziwe kwaye xa yaqalwa.

Inqanaba lokusinda kolu hlobo lwethumba liphezulu kodwa liyahluka ngokoku:

• Ubudala: umdala umntu, kokukhona amathuba okuba kungabikho nyango;
• Umthamo wobunzima: xa ungaphezulu kwe-10 cm, kokukhona amathuba okuba unyangeke.

Ke, abantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala, abanamathumba ngaphezulu kwe-10 cm kunqabile ukuba banyange kwaye banokufa malunga neminyaka emi-5.