Ngaba intliziyo iyambombozela?

Umxholo

• Imigangatho yentliziyo ukumbombozela
• Izizathu eziphambili zokumbombozela
• Xa kufuneka unyango

Uninzi lwezikhalazo zentliziyo azinzulu, kwaye zenzeka ngaphandle kwazo naziphi na izifo, zibizwa ngokuba zezomzimba okanye ezimsulwa, ezivela ngenxa yesiphithiphithi sendalo segazi njengoko lidlula entliziyweni.

Olu hlobo lokumbombozela luxhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana nasebantwaneni, kwaye kuyenzeka kuba ulwakhiwo lwentliziyo lusakhula kwaye alunakulinganiswa, ngenxa yoko uninzi lwazo luyanyamalala kule minyaka idlulileyo, ngokukhula.

Nangona kunjalo, xa intliziyo ikrokra ihamba kunye neempawu ezithile, ezinje ngokuphefumla kancinci, ubunzima ekutyeni, ukubetha kwentliziyo okanye ukuhombisa umlomo kunye nezandla, kunokubangelwa sisifo esithile, kwaye kwezi meko, kuya kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wezentliziyo phanda unobangela, ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezinjenge-echocardiography, kwaye uqalise ngonyango. Ngamanye amaxesha la matyala anokuchongwa ebudaleni xa kusenziwa iimviwo zesiqhelo, umzekelo.

Fumana iinkcukacha ezithe kratya malunga nendlela yokuchonga iimpawu zokumbombozela zentliziyo.

Imigangatho yentliziyo ukumbombozela

Zintandathu iintlobo eziphambili zokumbombozela kwentliziyo, ezahluka ngokobunzulu bazo:

• IBakala 1: cwaka kakhulu ukumbombozela okunokuviwa ngugqirha xa umamele;
• IBakala 2: ichongwa ngokulula xa umamele indawo ethile;
• IBakala 3: ngumoya omkhulu ngokulinganayo;
• IBakala 4: ukumbombozela okukhulu okunokuviwa ngestethoscope kwindawo enkulu;
• IBakala 5: ukumbombozela okukhulu okunxulunyaniswa nemvakalelo yokungcangcazela kwingingqi yentliziyo;
• IBakala 6: inokuviwa ngendlebe ngokuchasene nesifuba.

Ngokubanzi, kokukhona ubukhulu kunye nenqanaba lokumbombozela, kokukhona maninzi amathuba engxaki yentliziyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi zokuvavanya ukusebenza kwentliziyo kunye nokuvavanya ukuba ngaba lukhona na utshintsho olufuna unyango.

Izizathu eziphambili zokumbombozela

Izizathu ezinokubangela ukukrokra kwentliziyo zibandakanya utshintsho lomzimba okanye olungenatyala, apho kungekho sifo kwaye sinokunyamalala ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngakumbi ebantwaneni; okanye dIziphumo zokuzalwa kwentliziyo, apho intliziyo ingakhuli ngokuchanekileyo, ineziphene kwiivelufa zayo okanye izihlunu, njengoko kunokwenzeka kwi-Down syndrome, irubella yokuzalwa okanye utywala ngumama, umzekelo.

Eminye imizekelo yesifo sokuzalwa kukuphikelela kwe-ductus arteriosus, i-mitral valve prolapse, i-valve stenosis, unxibelelwano lwangaphakathi, unxibelelwano lwangaphakathi, iziphene ze-septal kunye ne-Fallot's tetralogy.

Kwiintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha, iimeko zokumbombozela zentliziyo nazo zinokuvela, njengoko umntwana enokuzalwa ngaphandle kokukhula okupheleleyo kwentliziyo. Kule meko, unyango lwenziwa ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotshintsho kunye neempawu zomntwana.

Xa kufuneka unyango

Kwiimeko zokumbombozela okungenatyala, unyango alunyanzelekanga, kukulandela nje kugqirha wabantwana, njengoko kuyalelwe nguye.

Nangona kunjalo, xa ukukrokra kwentliziyo kubangelwa sisifo sentliziyo, kunyanzelekile ukuba uqale unyango, olwahluka ngokonobangela, kwaye lukhokelwa ngugqirha wezentliziyo. Ke, ezinye zeenketho zezi:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza: amanye amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga iziphene ezithile entliziyweni, ezinje nge-Ibuprofen esetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-ductus arteriosus, okanye ezinye zohlobo lwe-diuretic, ezinje nge-furosemide, kunye ne-antihypertensives, njengepropranolol kunye ne-enalapril, enokusetyenziselwa ukulawula iimpawu zokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, umzekelo;
• Ugqirha: ingabonakaliswa ukuba inyange ezona meko zinzima zokukhubazeka kwentliziyo, ezingaphuculiyo kunyango lokuqala okanye ezibi kakhulu. Ke, oku kunokwenzeka:
  • Ukulungiswa kweBhaluni yevalve, yenziwe ngokungenisa i-catheter kunye ne-insufflation yebhaluni, ibonakaliswe ngakumbi kumatyala okunciphisa kwezivalo;
  • Ukulungiswa ngoqhaqho, Yenziwe ngokuvulwa kwesifuba kunye nentliziyo ukulungisa isiphako kwivelufa, kwisihlunu okanye ukutshintsha ivalve enesiphene.

Ngokubanzi, ukubuyela kwimeko yoqhaqho kulula kwaye kuyakhawuleza, kufuna kuphela ixesha lokulaliswa esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa, kude kufike ukukhutshwa ekhaya, emva kokukhululwa kugqirha wabantwana okanye ugqirha wezentliziyo.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kufuneka kwenziwe ukulungiswa kwakhona kunye ne-physiotherapy, ngaphezu kokubuyela kunye nogqirha ukuze uphinde uhlaziye. Yazi ngcono xa utyando lokumbombozela lwentliziyo luboniswa.