Umqala obuhlungu 101: Iimpawu, oonobangela, kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zomqala obuhlungu
• 8 oonobangela bomqala obuhlungu
• 1. Umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane kunye nolunye usulelo lwentsholongwane
• 2. Umqala owomileyo kunye nolunye usulelo lwebacteria
• 3. Izinto ezaliwa negazi
• 4. Umoya owomileyo
• 5. Umsi, iikhemikhali, kunye nezinye izinto ezicaphukisayo
• 6. Ukwenzakala
• 7. Isifo se-reflux sesifo se-Gastroesophageal (GERD)
• 8. Ukudumba
• Unyango lwasekhaya lomqala obuhlungu
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Ufumanisa njani umqala obuhlungu
• Amayeza
• Xa ufuna i-antibiotics
• Umgca wezantsi

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Yintoni umqala obuhlungu?

Umqala obuhlungu yimvakalelo ebuhlungu, eyomileyo, okanye ekrakra emqaleni.

Ubuhlungu emqaleni yenye yeempawu eziqhelekileyo. Inika ingxelo engaphezulu kwesigidi se-13 sokutyelela ii-ofisi zikagqirha unyaka nonyaka ().

Uninzi lomqala obuhlungu lubangelwa lusulelo, okanye yimeko yokusingqongileyo enjengomoya owomileyo. Nangona umqala obuhlungu ungonwabi, uya kuhlala uzihambela wedwa.

Umqala obuhlungu wahlulwe ngokweentlobo, ngokusekwe kwinxalenye yomqala abachaphazelayo:

• I-Pharyngitis ichaphazela indawo esemva komlomo.
• Tonsillitis ukudumba nokubomvu kweetoni, izihlunu ezithambileyo ezisemva komlomo.
• I-Laryngitis kukudumba kunye nokubomvu kwebhokisi yelizwi, okanye kwingqula.

Iimpawu zomqala obuhlungu

Iimpawu zomqala obuhlungu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke koko kubangelwe. Umqala obuhlungu unokuziva:

• ukukrwela
• ukutshisa
• eluhlaza
• yomile
• ithenda
• ukucaphuka

Kungaba buhlungu ngakumbi xa uginya okanye uthetha. Umqala wakho okanye iitoni zinokubonakala zibomvu.

Ngamanye amaxesha, amabala amhlophe okanye iindawo zobofu ziya kubakho kwiitoni. Ezi patches zimhlophe zixhaphake kakhulu kwi-strep throat kunokuba kubuhlungu emqaleni kubangelwa yintsholongwane.

Kunye nomqala obuhlungu, unokuba neempawu ezinje:

• ukuxinana kwempumlo
• impumlo enemifinya
• Ukuthimla
• ukukhohlela
• ifiva
• Ukugodola
• amadlala adumbileyo entanyeni
• ilizwi elirhawuzelelayo
• iintlungu zomzimba
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ingxaki yokuginya
• ukungabi namdla wokutya

8 oonobangela bomqala obuhlungu

Oonobangela bomqala obuhlungu baqala kosulelo ukuya kolonzakeleyo. Nazi ezisibhozo zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo emqaleni.

1. Umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane kunye nolunye usulelo lwentsholongwane

Iintsholongwane zibangela malunga neepesenti ezingama-90 zomqala obuhlungu (). Phakathi kweentsholongwane ezibangela umqala obuhlungu zezi:

• ingqele eqhelekileyo
• umkhuhlane - umkhuhlane
• mononucleosis, isifo esosulelayo esidluliselwa ngamathe
• imasisi, sisifo esibangela irhashalala kunye nomkhuhlane
• irhashalala, usulelo olubangela umkhuhlane kunye nokurhawuzelela, irhashalala
• uqwilikana, usulelo olubangela ukudumba kwamadlala amathe entanyeni

2. Umqala owomileyo kunye nolunye usulelo lwebacteria

Usulelo lwebhakteria lunokubangela nomqala obuhlungu. Eyona ixhaphakileyo yi-strep throat, usulelo lomqala kunye neetoni ezibangelwa liqela A IStreptococcus iintsholongwane.

Umqala owomileyo ubangela phantse iipesenti ezingama-40 zeemeko zomqala obuhlungu ebantwaneni (3). I-Tonsillitis, kunye nosulelo oludluliselwa ngesondo njenge-gonorrhea kunye ne-chlamydia nazo zinokubangela umqala obuhlungu.

3. Izinto ezaliwa negazi

Xa amajoni omzimba ephendula kwizinto ezifana ne-pollen, ingca, kunye ne-pet dander, ikhupha imichiza ebangela iimpawu ezinjengokuxinana kwempumlo, amehlo anamanzi, ukuthimla kunye nomqala.

Ukuchama okungaphezulu kwempumlo kunokuhla ngomqolo womqala. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-postnasal drip kwaye kunokucaphukisa umqala.

4. Umoya owomileyo

Umoya owomileyo unokufunxa ukufuma emlonyeni nasemqaleni, kwaye ubashiye beziva bomile kwaye bekrwemekile. Umoya ubonakala womile kwiinyanga zasebusika xa kufudumeza imbawula.

5. Umsi, iikhemikhali, kunye nezinye izinto ezicaphukisayo

Amachiza amaninzi ahlukeneyo kunye nezinye izinto kwindalo ziyamcaphukisa umqala, kubandakanya:

• umdiza kunye nomsi wecuba
• ukumoshwa komoya
• iimveliso zokucoca kunye nezinye iikhemikhali

Emva koSeptemba 11, ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-62 zabacimi-mlilo abaphendule umqala obuhlungu. Yiipesenti ezi-3.2 kuphela ezazinomqala obuhlungu ngaphambi kwentlekele yeZiko loRhwebo leHlabathi ().

6. Ukwenzakala

Nawuphi na umonzakalo, onjengokubetha okanye ukusika entanyeni, kunokubangela iintlungu emqaleni. Ukufumana isiqwenga sokutya esincamathele emqaleni nako kunokukucaphukisa.

Ukusetyenziswa okuphindaphindiweyo kweentambo zezwi kunye nezihlunu emqaleni. Unokufumana umqala obuhlungu emva kokukhwaza, uthethele phezulu, okanye ucule ixesha elide. Umqala obuhlungu sisikhalazo esiqhelekileyo phakathi kwabahlohli bezempilo kunye nootitshala, ekuye kufuneke bakhwaze ().

7. Isifo se-reflux sesifo se-Gastroesophageal (GERD)

Isifo se-reflux se-Gastroesophageal (GERD) yimeko apho i-asidi esiswini ibuyela umva kwi-esophagus-ityhubhu ehambisa ukutya ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya esiswini.

I-asidi iyatshisa i-esophagus kunye nomqala, ibangele iimpawu ezinje ngokuqaqamba kwentliziyo kunye ne-acid reflux-ukuphinda ubuye kwi-asidi emqaleni wakho.

8. Ukudumba

Ithumba lomqala, ibhokisi yezwi, okanye ulwimi sisizathu esingaqhelekanga somqala obuhlungu. Xa umqala obuhlungu luphawu lomhlaza, awuhambi emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa.

Unyango lwasekhaya lomqala obuhlungu

Unyange uninzi lomqala obuhlungu ekhaya. Phumla ngokwaneleyo ukuze unike amajoni akho omzimba ithuba lokulwa nosulelo.

Ukunciphisa iintlungu zomqala obuhlungu:

• Gargle ngomxube wamanzi ashushu kunye ne-1/2 ukuya kwi-1 itispuni yetyuwa.
• Sela ulwelo olufudumeleyo oluvakala luthomalalisa umqala, njengeti eshushu enobusi, umhluzi wesuphu, okanye amanzi ashushu anelemon. Iti yemifuno ithoba kakhulu umqala obuhlungu ().
• Pholisa umqala wakho ngokutya into ebandayo njengepopsicle okanye iayisi khrimu.
• Suck kwiqhekeza leelekese ezilukhuni okanye i-lozenge.
• Vula i-humidifier epholileyo yokongeza umswakama emoyeni.
• Phumla ilizwi lakho de umqala uzive ungcono.

Ivenkile yokunyibilikisa inkungu epholileyo.

Uninzi lomqala obuhlungu lunokunyangwa ekhaya. Ulwelo olufudumeleyo okanye ukutya okubandayo kunokuziva kuthoba emqaleni. I-humidifier inokuwunyakamisa umqala owomileyo.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Umqala obuhlungu obangelwa kukusuleleka yintsholongwane uhlala ungcono ngokwakho kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezisixhenxe (). Nangona kunjalo ezinye izizathu zomqala obuhlungu kufuneka ziphathwe.

Biza ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu:

• umqala obuhlungu
• ingxaki yokuginya
• ingxaki yokuphefumla, okanye iintlungu xa uphefumla
• ubunzima bokuvula umlomo wakho
• amalungu adakumbileyo
• umkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwe-101 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius)
• Intamo ebuhlungu okanye eqinileyo
• indlebe
• igazi kumathe okanye iphlegm yakho
• umqala obuhlungu ohlala ngaphezulu kweveki

Uninzi lomqala obuhlungu lubangcono ngokwalo, kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa. Usulelo lwebhakteria njenge-strep throat kufuneka luphathwe ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Jonga ugqirha ngeempawu ezinzima njengengxaki yokuginya okanye yokuphefumla, intamo eqinileyo, okanye umkhuhlane omkhulu.

Ufumanisa njani umqala obuhlungu

Ngexesha lovavanyo, ugqirha uya kubuza malunga neempawu zakho, kwaye uya kusebenzisa ukukhanya ukujonga umva womqala wakho ukuba bomvu, ukudumba namabala amhlophe. Ugqirha usenokuziva emacaleni entamo yakho ukuze ubone ukuba unamadlala adumbileyo.

Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba une-strep throat, uya kufumana inkcubeko yomqala ukuyifumanisa. Ugqirha uza kuqhuba i-swab ngasemva komqala wakho kwaye aqokelele isampulu yokuvavanya i-strep throat bacteria. Ngovavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-strep, ugqirha uya kufumana iziphumo ngaphakathi kwemizuzu.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, isampulu iya kuthunyelwa kwilebhu eza kuvavanywa. Uvavanyo lwelebhu luthatha usuku ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini, kodwa lunokubonisa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-strep throat.

Ngamanye amaxesha unokufuna iimvavanyo ezingakumbi ukuze ufumane unobangela womqala wakho obuhlungu. Ungabona ingcali ephatha izifo zomqala, ebizwa ngendlebe, impumlo, kunye nomqala (ENT) ugqirha okanye i-otolaryngologist.

Oogqirha bafumanisa i-strep throat ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu, ukuhlolwa komqala, kunye novavanyo lwe-strep. Ngomqala obuhlungu ngaphandle kokuchongwa ngokucacileyo, kuya kufuneka ubone ingcali ephatha iimeko zeendlebe, impumlo kunye nomqala.

Amayeza

Unokuthatha amayeza ukuthomalalisa iintlungu zomqala obuhlungu, okanye ukunyanga oyena nobangela.

Amayeza angaphezulu kwe-counter athoba iintlungu zomqala zibandakanya:

• i-acetaminophen (iTylenol)
• ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
• Iasprini

Musa ukunika i-aspirin kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo, njengoko inxulunyaniswa nemeko enqabileyo kodwa enzulu ebizwa ngokuba yiReye's syndrome.

Unokusebenzisa enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zonyango, ezisebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwintlungu yomqala obuhlungu:

• ukutshiza komqala obuhlungu obuqukethe i-antiseptic ephazamisayo njenge-phenol, okanye isithako sokupholisa njenge-menthol okanye i-eucalyptus
• I-lozenges yomqala
• iyeza lomkhuhlane

Ivenkile yeelogo zomqala.

Ivenkile yesiraphu yokukhohlela.

Amanye amayeza, kubandakanya i-elm emtyibilizi, ingcambu ye-marshmallow, kunye neengcambu ze-licorice, ziyathengiswa njengezonyango zomqala obuhlungu. Akukho bungqina buninzi balomsebenzi, kodwa iti yemifuno ebizwa ngokuba yiTroat Coat equlathe zonke ezi zinto zantathu yadambisa iintlungu zomqala kwisifundo esinye ().

Ivenkile yeTiat Coat tea yemifuno.

Amayeza anciphisa i-asidi esiswini anokunceda ngomqala obuhlungu obangelwa yi-GERD. Oku kubandakanya:

• Ii-Antacids ezinje ngeTum, iRolaids, iMaalox, kunye neMylanta ukunciphisa iasidi yesisu.
• I-H2 blocker ezinje nge-cimetidine (Tagamet HB), kunye ne-famotidine (Pepcid AC), ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwesisu esiswini.
• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) ezifana ne-lansoprazole (Prevacid 24) kunye ne-omeprazole (Prilosec, Zegerid OTC) ukuvimba imveliso yeasidi.

Ivenkile ye-antacids.

Idosi esezantsi yecorticosteroids inokunceda kwintlungu yomqala obuhlungu, ngaphandle kokubangela naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ().

Ukuthomalalisa iintlungu ekhawuntareni, ukutshiza, kunye ne-lozenges kunokuthomalalisa iintlungu zomqala obuhlungu. Amayeza anciphisa i-asidi esiswini anokunceda emqaleni obuhlungu obangelwa yi-GERD.

Xa ufuna i-antibiotics

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anyanga usulelo olubangelwa ziintsholongwane, njenge-strep throat. Abayi kunyanga izifo zentsholongwane.

Kuya kufuneka uphathe umqala womqala kunye namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuthintela iingxaki ezinje nge-pneumonia, i-bronchitis kunye ne-rheumatic fever. I-Antibiotic inokunciphisa iintlungu zomqala malunga nosuku olunye, kwaye yehlise umngcipheko we-rheumatic fever ngaphezulu kwesibini kwisithathu (9).

Oogqirha bahlala bemisela ikhosi ye-antibiotics ehlala malunga neentsuku ezili-10 (). Kubalulekile ukuthatha onke amayeza asebhotileni, nokuba uqala ukuzibona ungcono. Ukuyeka i-antibiotiki kusekutsha kunokushiya ezinye iintsholongwane ziphila, ezinokuphinda zigule.

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane aphatha umqala obuhlungu obangelwa ziintsholongwane, ezinje ngomqala womqala. Kufuneka uphathe umqala womqala ukukhusela iingxaki ezinobuzaza. Thatha yonke idosi yezibulala-ntsholongwane, nokuba uqala ukuziva ungcono.

Umgca wezantsi

Intsholongwane kunye nosulelo lwebhakteria, kunye nokucaphukisa kunye nokulimala, kubangela uninzi lomqala obuhlungu. Uninzi lomqala obuhlungu lubangcono kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle konyango.

Ukuphumla, ulwelo olufudumeleyo, iigargles zamanzi anetyuwa, kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu ekhawuntareni kunokunceda ukuthomalalisa iintlungu zomqala obuhlungu ekhaya.

Umqala womqala kunye nolunye usulelo lwebacteria luyanyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-swab ukufumanisa ukuba une-strep.

Jonga ugqirha ukuze ufumane iimpawu ezinzima, njengengxaki yokuphefumla okanye ukugwinya, umkhuhlane omkhulu, okanye intamo eqinileyo.