, ukuxilongwa kunye nendlela yokuphatha

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Izifo ezibangelwa IStaphylococcus aureus
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango lwe S. aureus
• IStaphylococcus aureus ukumelana nemethicillin

O I-Staphylococcus aureus, okanye S. aureus, yibacteria yegram-positive ihlala ikhona kulusu lwabantu kunye ne-mucosa, ngakumbi umlomo kunye neempumlo, ngaphandle kokwenza umonakalo emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, xa amajoni omzimba esengozini okanye xa kukho inxeba, le bhaktiriya inokwanda kwaye ifikelele kwigazi, ibangele i-sepsis, ehambelana nosulelo olusasazekileyo, olunokubangela ukufa.

Olu hlobo lwe-staphylococcus luqhelekile nakwindawo zasesibhedlele, ke kubalulekile ukuba uphephe ukunxibelelana nezigulana ezibalulekileyo esibhedlele kwaye ugcine izandla zakho zicocekile ukunqanda ukudibana nale ntsholongwane, njengoko IStaphylococcus aureus ezikhoyo ezibhedlele ngokubanzi zibonisa ukunganyangeki kwiintsholongwane, ezenza ukuba unyango lwabo lube nzima.

Usulelo kunye S. aureus inokwahluka kusulelo olulula, njenge-folliculitis, umzekelo, ukuya kwi-endocarditis, esisifo esosulelayo esijamelana nobukho bentsholongwane entliziyweni. Ke, iimpawu zinokubakho kububomvu besikhumba, kwiintlungu zemisipha kunye nokopha.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zosulelo ngu S. aureus kuxhomekeka kwifom yosulelo, indawo yebhaktiriya kunye nemeko yesigulana, enokuthi:

• Iintlungu, ukuba bomvu kunye nokudumba kolusu, xa iintsholongwane zisanda kulusu, zikhokelela ekubunjweni kwamathumba kunye namadyungudyungu;
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu, iintlungu zemisipha, ukuphefumla kancinci kunye nentloko ebuhlungu, xa ibacteria ikwazi ukungena egazini, ngesiqhelo ngenxa yolusu okanye ukwenzakala kolusu, kwaye inokusasazeka iye kwizitho ezininzi;
• Isicaphucaphu, iintlungu esiswini, urhudo kunye nokugabha, ezinokuvela xa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni ngokutya okungcolileyo.

Kuba inokufumaneka ngokwendalo emzimbeni, ngakumbi emlonyeni nasempumlweni, le bhaktiriya inokudluliselwa ngokudibana ngqo, amathontsi omoya akhoyo ngokukhohlela nangokuthimla nangezinto ezingcolisekileyo okanye ukutya.

Ukongeza, ibacteria inokufikelela kwigazi ngokwenzakala okanye iinaliti, lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo losulelo kubantu abasebenzisa iziyobisi zokutofa okanye abantu abanesifo seswekile abasebenzisa i-insulin.

Kuxhomekeka kubunzulu beempawu zosulelo, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuba umntu alaliswe esibhedlele kwaye, ngamanye amaxesha, ahlaliswe yedwa de isifo sinyangwe.

Izifo ezibangelwa IStaphylococcus aureus

O IStaphylococcus aureus kunokubangela ukuba usulelo lube lula kwaye lula ukuba lunyangwe okanye izifo ezinobuzaza, ezona ziphambili zezi:

1. Ifolliculitis, ebonakala ngobukho bamadyungudyungu amancinci kunye nobomvu eluswini okubangelwa kukwanda kweentsholongwane kwindawo leyo;
2. I-Cellulitis echaphazelekayo, apho S. aureus inokungena kwelona liso linzulu lolusu, ibangele iintlungu, ukudumba kunye nokuba bomvu kwesikhumba;
3. I-Septicemia, okanye ukothuka, ingqamana nosulelo olubanzi olubonakaliswa bubukho bentsholongwane egazini, lufikelela kumalungu aliqela. Qonda ukuba yintoni ukothuka okubalulekileyo;
4. Endocarditis, esisifo esichaphazela iivalve zentliziyo ngenxa yobukho bentsholongwane entliziyweni. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-bacterial endocarditis;
5. Osteomyelitis, Olo lusulelo lwethambo olubangelwa ziibhaktheriya kwaye olunokwenzeka ngokungcoliseka ngokuthe ngqo kwethambo ngokunqunyulwa okunzulu, ukwaphuka okanye ukufakelwa kweprosthesis, umzekelo;
6. Ukukrala kwemiphunga, ukuba sisifo sokuphefumla esikhokelela kubunzima bokuphefumla kwaye sinokubangelwa kukuzibandakanya komphunga ziibhaktheriya;
7. Isifo sokudakumba esinetyhefu okanye isifo solusu esikhanyayo, esisifo solusu esibangelwa kukuveliswa kwetyhefu ngu I-Staphylococcus aureus, kubangela ukuba ulusu luxobuke;

Abantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka ngenxa ye-oncological, autoimmune okanye izifo ezosulelayo, batshisiwe okanye banamanxeba okanye baye benza utyando kusenokwenzeka ukuba babe nosulelo lwe-HIV. IStaphylococcus aureus.

Ngesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuba uhlambe izandla zakho kakuhle kwaye uthathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuzikhusela kwizibhedlele ukunqanda ukosuleleka yile ntsholongwane, ukongeza kukutya ukutya okuqinisa amajoni omzimba. Qonda ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ukuhlamba izandla zakho ukuthintela ukugula.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Uxilongo lwenziwa ngenxa yokwahlulahlula ibacteria, eyenziwe elebhu ye-microbiology kwisampulu yebhayoloji, ecelwa ngugqirha ngokweempawu zomntu, ezinokuba ngumchamo, igazi, amathe okanye ukufihla kwenxeba.

Emva kokubekwa bucala kwebhakteria, i-antibiotiklami yenziwa ukuqinisekisa ubume bemvakalelo bentsholongwane kwaye yeyiphi eyona ntsholongwane ilungileyo yokunyanga usulelo. Yazi ukuba yintoni i-antibiotogram kwaye ungasiqonda njani isiphumo.

Unyango lwe S. aureus

Unyango lwe S. aureus ihlala ichazwa ngugqirha ngohlobo losulelo kunye neempawu zesigulana. Ukongeza, kufanele kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ngaba lukhona na olunye usulelo olunxulumene noko, kuvavanywa ngugqirha ukuba loluphi usulelo oluza kubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu umguli kwaye ekufuneka lunyangwe ngokukhawuleza.

Ukusuka kwisiphumo seyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane, ugqirha angabonisa ukuba yeyiphi intsholongwane eya kuba neziphumo ezichaseneyo neebhaktiriya, kwaye unyango luhlala lusenziwa nge-methicillin okanye i-oxacillin kangangeentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-10.

IStaphylococcus aureus ukumelana nemethicillin

O IStaphylococcus aureus ukumelana ne-methicillin, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-MRSA, kuqheleke kakhulu kwizibhedlele, isenza ukuba le ntsholongwane ibe yenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezosulela usulelo lwe-nosocomial.

I-Methicillin yintsholongwane eyenziwayo ukulwa ne-beta-lactamase evelisa iintsholongwane, eziyiz enzymes eziveliswa zintsholongwane ezithile, kubandakanya S. aureus, njengendlela yokuzikhusela kwiklasi ethile yamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo ze IStaphylococcus aureus, ngakumbi ezo zifumaneka ezibhedlele, ziye zaxhathisa i-methicillin, zingaphenduli kunyango ngaleyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane.

Ke, ukunyanga usulelo olubangelwa yi-MRSA, ii-glycopeptides, ezinje nge-vancomycin, teicoplanin okanye i-linezolid, zihlala zisetyenziselwa iintsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-10 okanye ngokweengcebiso zonyango.