Ushwankathelo

Umxholo

• Kwenzeka njani ukuba superfetation kwenzeke?
• Ngaba zikhona iimpawu zokuba superfetation yenzekile?
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ze-superfetation?
• Ngaba ikhona indlela yokuthintela inkolelo?
• Ngaba akhona amatyala aziwayo wenkcitho?
• Yise kude

Ushwankathelo

Superfetation kuxa okwesibini, ukukhulelwa okutsha kwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa kokuqala. Elinye iqanda (iqanda) lidityaniswa lidlozi lize lifakwe esibelekweni kwiintsuku okanye kwiiveki kamva kunelokuqala. Iintsana ezizalwe kukungafezeki zihlala zithathwa njengamawele kuba zinokuzalwa ngexesha elinye lokuzalwa kwangolo suku lunye.

I-Superfetation ixhaphakile kwezinye, njengeentlanzi, iihares, kunye neembasa. Amathuba okuba kwenzeke ebantwini anempikiswano. Kucingwa ukuba kunqabile kakhulu.

Kukho kuphela iimeko ezimbalwa zokuba zi-superfetation kuncwadi lwezonyango. Uninzi lweziganeko zenzekile kumfazi ophantsi konyango lokuchuma njenge-in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Kwenzeka njani ukuba superfetation kwenzeke?

Emntwini, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka xa iqanda (iqanda) lichunyiswa sisidoda. Iqanda elichumileyo emva koko liyazifaka kwisibeleko sowasetyhini. Ukuze i-superfetation yenzeke, elinye iqanda elahluke ngokupheleleyo kufuneka lidityaniswe lize lifakwe ngokwahlukeneyo esibelekweni.

Ukuze oku kwenzeke ngempumelelo, iziganeko ezingalindelekanga kakhulu kufuneka zenzeke:

1. I-Ovulation (ukukhutshwa kweqanda kwi-ovary) ngexesha lokukhulelwa okuqhubekayo. Oku akunakulindeleka ngenxa yokuba iihormoni ezikhutshiweyo ngexesha lomsebenzi wokukhulelwa ukuthintela ukuqhubeka kwe-ovulation.
2. Iqanda lesibini kufuneka lichunyiswe sisidoda. Oku akunakulindeleka kuba xa umntu obhinqileyo ekhulelwe, umlomo wabo womlomo wesibeleko wenza iplagi yencindi ethintela ukuhamba kwesidoda. Le plug ye-mucus sisiphumo sokuphakama kwamahomoni aveliswe ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
3. Iqanda elichumileyo lifuna ukumiliselwa kwisibeleko esele sikhulelwe. Oku kunokuba nzima kuba ukumiliselwa kufuna ukukhutshwa kwehomoni ezithile ezingayi kukhutshwa ukuba ngaba umfazi sele ekhulelwe. Kukwakho nomba wokuba nendawo eyaneleyo yomnye umbungu.

Amathuba ezi ziganeko zintathu zingenakwenzeka ukuba zenzeke ngaxeshanye zibonakala ngathi azinakwenzeka.

Kungenxa yoko le nto, kumatyala ambalwa okubhengezwa koncwadi, uninzi lwabo bebengabafazi.

Ngexesha lonyango lokuchuma, olubizwa ngokuba yi-in vitro fertilization, iimbumba ezichumileyo zihanjiswa kwisibeleko sowasetyhini. I-Superfetation inokwenzeka ukuba owasetyhini naye uyaphuma kwaye iqanda lifakwa kwisidoda kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba iimbumba zidluliselwe kwisibeleko sakhe.

Ngaba zikhona iimpawu zokuba superfetation yenzekile?

Ngenxa yokuba i-superfetation inqabile, akukho zimpawu zichaphazelekayo ezinxulumene nemeko.

Superfetation inokukrokrelwa xa ugqirha eqaphela ukuba amawele ongekazalwa akhula ngamazinga ahlukeneyo esibelekweni. Ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-ultrasound, ugqirha uya kubona ukuba ezi mveku zimbini zinobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-discordance yokukhula.

Okwangoku, ugqirha mhlawumbi akazukuchonga umntu obhinqileyo emva kokubona ukuba amawele ahlukile ngobukhulu. Kungenxa yokuba zininzi iinkcazo eziqhelekileyo zokukhula kokungahambelani. Omnye umzekelo kuxa i-placenta ingakwazi ukuxhasa ngokwaneleyo zombini iimveku (ukungoneliseki kwe-placental). Enye inkcazo kuxa igazi lisasazwa ngokungalinganiyo phakathi kwamawele (utofelo lwamawele namawele).

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ze-superfetation?

Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwinkxalabo enkulu yokuba abantwana baya kukhula ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Xa omnye umntwana ekulungele ukuzalwa, omnye umntwana usenokungakulungeli okwangoku. Umntwana omncinci uya kuba semngciphekweni wokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha.

Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha kubeka umntwana emngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba neengxaki zonyango, ezinje:

• ingxaki yokuphefumla
• ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi
• iingxaki zokuhamba nokulungelelanisa
• ubunzima ngokondla
• ukopha ebuchotsheni, okanye ukopha kwingqondo
• uxinzelelo lokuphefumla olusandula kuzalwa, isifo sokuphefumla esibangelwa yimiphunga engaphuhliswanga

Ukongeza, abasetyhini abaphethe ngaphezulu kosana olunye basemngciphekweni wokonyuka kweengxaki ezithile, kubandakanya:

• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye neeprotheyini kumchamo (preeclampsia)
• isifo seswekile

Iintsana zingadinga ukuzalwa ngeCesarean section (C-section). Ixesha lecandelo le-C lixhomekeke kummahluko ekukhuleni kweentsana ezimbini.

Ngaba ikhona indlela yokuthintela inkolelo?

Unokuwahlisa amathuba akho okuba ungalali ngesondo emva kokuba sele ukhulelwe. Okwangoku, superfetation inqabile kakhulu. Akuthandeki ukuba ungakhulelwa okwesibini ukuba uye wabelana ngesondo emva kokuba sele ukhulelwe.

Kumatyala ambalwa okuchasana okunokubakho okuchazwe kuncwadi lwezonyango, uninzi lwabo belukwabafazi abaphantsi konyango lokuchuma. Kuya kufuneka uvavanywe ukuze uqiniseke ukuba awukakhulelwa ngaphambi kokuba ufumane olu nyango, kwaye ulandele zonke iingcebiso ezivela kugqirha wakho wokuchuma ukuba uphantsi kwe-IVF, kubandakanya amaxesha athile okuyeka.

Ngaba akhona amatyala aziwayo wenkcitho?

Uninzi lweengxelo zokonyuka kwabantu kuxhomekeke kubafazi abaye bafumana unyango lokuzala ukuze bakhulelwe.

Ipapashwe ngo-2005 ixoxa ngomfazi oneminyaka engama-32 owayekhe wangena kwi-vitro fertilization kwaye wakhulelwa amawele. Malunga neenyanga ezintlanu kamva, ugqirha wabasetyhini waqaphela ngexesha le-ultrasound ukuba ngenene wayekhulelwe kathathu. Umntwana wesithathu wayemncinci kakhulu ngobukhulu. Le mveku yafunyanwa ineeveki ezintathu incinci kunabantakwabo. Oogqirha bagqiba kwelokuba olunye uchumiso kunye nokumiliselwa kwenzeka ngokwendalo kwiiveki emva kwenkqubo yokuchumisa kwi-vitro.

Ngo-2010, kwabakho enye ingxelo yecala lowasetyhini owayene-superfetation. Lo mfazi wayephantsi kwenkqubo yokufaka insemination (IUI) engeyiyo kwaye wayethatha amayeza ukukhuthaza i-ovulation. Kamva kwafunyaniswa ukuba wayesele ekhulelwe nge-ectopic (tubal) pregnancy. Oogqirha babengazi ukuba umfazi wayesele ekhulelwe nge-ectopic pregnancy xa beqhuba inkqubo ye-IUI.

Ngo-1999, kwakukho ingxelo yowesifazane okholelwa ukuba uye wafumana ama-superfetation ngokukhawuleza. Iimveku zifunyenwe zishiyana ngeeveki ezine. Eli bhinqa lahamba ngokukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo kwaye zombini iintsana zazalwa ziphilile. Iwele elinye ibingumfazi ozelwe kwiiveki ezingama-39 kwaye amawele amabini eyindoda ezelwe kwiiveki ezingama-35.

Yise kude

I-Superfetation ihlala ibonwa kwezinye izilwanyana. Into enokwenzeka ukuba yenzeke ngokwendalo emntwini ihlala inempikiswano. Kubekho iingxelo ezimbalwa zamatyala e-superfetation kubafazi. Uninzi lwaluphantsi kobuchule bokuncedisa ukuvelisa, njengokuchumisa kwi-vitro.

Superfetation ibangela iimveku ezimbini ezineminyaka eyahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Ngaphandle koku, kunokwenzeka ukuba zombini iintsana zizalwe zikhule ngokupheleleyo kwaye zisempilweni ngokupheleleyo.