Iimpawu ze-HIV emadodeni

Umxholo

• Ukugula kakhulu
• Iimpawu ezithile emadodeni
• Ixesha le-Asymptomatic
• Usulelo oluphambili
• Iqhuba njani i-HIV
• Ixhaphake kangakanani i-HIV?
• Thatha amanyathelo uze uvavanywe
• Ukukhusela kwi-HIV
• Imbonakalo yamadoda ane-HIV
• Q:
• A:

Ushwankathelo

• ukugula kakhulu
• ixesha elingabonakaliyo
• usulelo oluphambili

Ukugula kakhulu

Phantse iipesenti ezingama-80 zabantu abafumana i-HIV bafumana iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine. Esi sifo sifana nomkhuhlane saziwa njengosulelo olubi lwe-HIV. Usulelo olungqongqo lwe-HIV linyathelo lokuqala le-HIV kwaye lihlala de umzimba wenze izidibanisi ntsholongwane. Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zeli nqanaba le-HIV zibandakanya:

• Irhashalala yomzimba
• ifiva
• umqala obuhkungu
• intloko ebuhlungu

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zingabandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ukudumba kwamalungu enkovu
• izilonda emlonyeni okanye kwilungu langasese
• iintlungu zemisipha
• intlungu edibeneyo
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• ukubila ebusuku

Iimpawu zihlala zihlala kwiiveki ezimbini. Nabani na onale mpawu kwaye ucinga ukuba banayo intsholongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka acinge ngokwenza ishedyuli kunye nomnikezeli wezempilo ukuze avavanywe.

Iimpawu ezithile emadodeni

Iimpawu ze-HIV ngokubanzi ziyafana kwabasetyhini nakumadoda. Olunye uphawu lwe-HIV olwahlukileyo emadodeni sisilonda kwilungu lobudoda. Intsholongwane kaGawulayo inokukhokelela kwi-hypogonadism, okanye kwimveliso engalunganga yamahomoni esini, nokuba kukwesini. Nangona kunjalo, iimpembelelo ze-hypogonadism emadodeni kulula ukuzijonga kuneempembelelo kwabasetyhini. Iimpawu ze-testosterone esezantsi, inqaku elinye le-hypogonadism, linokubandakanya ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile (ED).

Ixesha le-Asymptomatic

Emva kokuba iimpawu zokuqala ziphelile, i-HIV ayinakubangela naziphi na iimpawu ezongezelelweyo kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka. Ngeli xesha, intsholongwane iyaziphindaphinda kwaye iqale ukuyenza buthathaka inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Umntu okweli nqanaba akazukuziva okanye abonakale egula, kodwa intsholongwane isasebenza. Banokosulela abanye ngentsholongwane. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukuvavanywa kwangoko, nkqu nakwabo baziva bephilile, kubaluleke kakhulu.

Usulelo oluphambili

Kungathatha ixesha, kodwa i-HIV inokuphelisa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Nje ukuba oku kwenzekile, intsholongwane kaGawulayo iyakudlulela kwinqanaba lesithathu le-HIV, elihlala libizwa ngokuba yi-AIDS. UGAWULAYO ​​linyathelo lokugqibela lesi sifo. Umntu okweli nqanaba unamajoni omzimba awonakeleyo, nto leyo ibenza ukuba babe sengozini yosulelo olungenelelayo. Usulelo olungenamathuba ziimeko apho umzimba ubuya kukwazi ukulwa nazo, kodwa kunokuba yingozi kubantu abane-HIV. Abantu abaphila ne-HIV banokuqaphela ukuba bahlala befumana umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane kunye nosulelo lokungunda. Banokufumana la manqanaba alandelayo kwiimpawu zentsholongwane kaGawulayo:

• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• urhudo oluqhubekayo
• ukudinwa okungapheliyo
• ukunciphisa umzimba ngokukhawuleza
• ukukhwehlela kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane
• Ukuphindaphinda umkhuhlane, ukubanda, kunye nokubila ebusuku
• irhashalala, izilonda, okanye izilonda emlonyeni okanye empumlweni, kwilungu langasese, okanye phantsi kolusu
• ukudumba ixesha elide kwee-lymph node emakhwapheni, kwi-groin, okanye entanyeni
• ukulahleka kwememori, ukudideka, okanye ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo

Iqhuba njani i-HIV

Njengokuba i-HIV iqhubeka, ihlasela ize itshabalalise iiseli ezaneleyo ze-CD4 kangangokuba umzimba awusakwazi ukulwa usulelo nezifo. Xa oku kusenzeka, kunokukhokelela kwinqanaba le-3 le-HIV. Ixesha elithathwayo ukuba i-HIV iqhubele phambili kweli nqanaba isenokuba kuphi ukusuka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka eli-10 okanye nangaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu one-HIV oza kudlulela kwinqanaba lesithathu. I-HIV inokulawulwa ngamayeza abizwa ngokuba lonyango lwe-antiretroviral. Indibaniselwano yamayeza ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yindibaniselwano yonyango lwe-antiretroviral (CART) okanye unyango lwe-antiretroviral (HAART). Olu hlobo lonyango lwamachiza lunokuthintela ukuba intsholongwane ingaziphindi. Ngelixa ihlala inokumisa ukuqhubela phambili kwe-HIV kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi, unyango lusebenza kakhulu xa luqale kwangethuba.

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-HIV?

Ngokwe-1.1 yezigidi zabantu baseMelika abane-HIV. Ngo-2016, inani eliqikelelweyo lokuxilongwa kwe-HIV e-United States lalingama-39,782. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-81 zokufunyaniswa kwezi zifo zaziphakathi kwamadoda aneminyaka eli-13 nangaphezulu. Intsholongwane kaGawulayo inokuchaphazela abantu balo naluphi na uhlanga, isini, okanye inkanuko yesini. Le ntsholongwane idlulela emntwini iye emgibeni wegazi, amadlozi, okanye ulwelo lobufazi oluqulathe intsholongwane. Ukwabelana ngesondo nomntu one-HIV kwaye ungasebenzisi ikhondom kuwonyusa kakhulu umngcipheko wokufumana i-HIV.

Thatha amanyathelo uze uvavanywe

Abantu ababelana ngesondo okanye abelana ngeenaliti kufuneka bacinge ngokubuza ababoneleli babo bezempilo kuvavanyo lwe-HIV, ngakumbi ukuba baqaphela naziphi na iimpawu ezibonakaliswe apha. Icebisa ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lonyaka kubantu abasebenzisa iziyobisi ezifakwa emithanjeni, abantu ababelana ngesondo nabanamaqabane amaninzi, kunye nabantu abakhe balala nomntu one-HIV. Ukuvavanywa kuyakhawuleza kwaye kulula kwaye kufuna kuphela isampulu yegazi. Uninzi lweeklinikhi zonyango, amaziko ezempilo oluntu, kunye neenkqubo zokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi zibonelela ngovavanyo lwe-HIV. Ikhithi yovavanyo lwe-HIV ekhaya, efana ne-OraQuick In-Home Test HIV, inoku-odolwa kwi-intanethi. Olu vavanyo lwasekhaya aludingi ukuthumela isampuli kwilebhu. I-swab yomlomo elula inika iziphumo kwimizuzu engama-20 ukuya kuma-40.

Ukukhusela kwi-HIV

Kuqikelelwa ukuba, e-United States ngo-2015, iipesenti ezili-15 zabantu abaphila ne-HIV abazi ukuba banayo. Kwiminyaka eliqela edlulileyo, inani labantu abaphila ne-HIV lenyukile, ngelixa inani lonyaka losulelo olutsha lwe-HIV lihleli lizinzile ngokufanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba wazi iimpawu ze-HIV kwaye uvavanywe ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba uyifumene intsholongwane. Ukuthintela ukubhencwa kulwelo lomzimba olunokuphatha intsholongwane yenye yeendlela zokuthintela. La manyathelo anokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana i-HIV:

• Sebenzisa iikhondom ngesondo langasese nangasese. Xa zisetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo, iikhondom zisebenza kakhulu ekukhuseleni i-HIV.
• Phepha iziyobisi ezifakwa emithanjeni. Zama ukungabelani okanye uphinde usebenzise iinaliti. Iidolophu ezininzi zineenkqubo zokutshintshiselana ngenaliti ezibonelela ngeenaliti ezingenazintsholongwane.
• Thatha amanyathelo. Soloko ucinga ukuba igazi linokusuleleka. Sebenzisa iiglavu zelatex neminye imiqobo yokuzikhusela.
• Vavanyelwa i-HIV. Ukuvavanywa kuphela kwendlela yokwazi ukuba i-HIV ihanjisiwe na okanye hayi. Abo bavavanyelwa ukuba banayo i-HIV banokulufumana unyango abalufunayo kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa umngcipheko wokudlulisela intsholongwane kwabanye.

Imbonakalo yamadoda ane-HIV

Akukho lunyango lwe-HIV. Nangona kunjalo, ukufumana isifo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokunyanga kwangoko kunokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi. Ukufumana izixhobo ezinxulumene nonyango lwe-HIV eMelika, ndwendwela i-AIDSinfo. Uphononongo lwango-2013 lwafumanisa ukuba abantu abane-HIV banokuba nokuphila okuqheleke kufutshane nesiqhelo ukuba baqala unyango phambi kokuba amajoni omzimba omeleke. Ukongeza, uphononongo olwenziwe ngamaZiko ezeMpilo kaZwelonke (NIH) afumanise ukuba unyango lwakwangoko lunceda abantu abane-HIV ukuba banciphise umngcipheko wokudlulisela intsholongwane kumaqabane abo. Izifundo zamva nje zibonise ukuba ukubambelela kunyango, okunje ukuba intsholongwane ingabonakali egazini, yenza ukuba kube nzima ukudlulisela i-HIV kwiqabane.Iphulo lokuThintela ukuFikelela, lixhaswe yiCDC, likhuthaze oku kufunyanwa ngephulo labo elingafumanekiyo = elingenakuthunyelwa (U = U).

Q:

Kufuneka ndivavanyelwe i-HIV kwakamsinyane kangakanani? Ukusuka kuluntu lwethu kuFacebook

A:

Ngokwezikhokelo ezivela ku, wonke umntu oneminyaka eli-13 ukuya kuma-64 kufuneka ahlolwe ngokuzithandela i-HIV, nanjengoko ubuya kuvavanyelwa nasiphi na isifo njengenxalenye yesiqhelo sonyango. Ukuba unenkxalabo yokuba ubonakalisiwe kwesi sifo, kuya kufuneka ubone umboneleli wakho wezempilo kwangoko. Ukuba kuvavanyiwe, i-HIV.gov ithi iipesenti ezingama-97 zabantu bazakuvavanya intsholongwane kaGawulayo kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu emva kokubhencwa UMark R. LaFlamme, iimpendulo ze-MDA zimele uluvo lweengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.Funda eli nqaku ngeSpanish.