I-Teniasis (usulelo lwe-tapeworm): yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Umjikelo wobomi beTeniasis
• Taenia solium kwaye Taenia saginata
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Indlela yokuthintela

I-Teniasis sisifo esibangelwa yintshulube yabantu abadala Taenia sp., eyaziwa ngokuba yodwa, emathunjini amancinci, anokuthi athintele ukufunxeka kwezakhamzimba ekutyeni kwaye ibangele iimpawu ezinje ngesicaphucaphu, urhudo, ukwehla kobunzima okanye iintlungu zesisu, umzekelo. Idluliselwa ngokutya inyama yenkomo ekrwada okanye engaphekwanga okanye inyama yehagu engcoliswe sisidleleli.

Nangona i-teniasis sisifo esixhaphakileyo, ezi zifunxi-gazi nazo zinokubangela i-cysticercosis, eyahlukileyo ngendlela yongcoliseko:

• Teniasis: kubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwemibungu ye tapeworm ekhoyo kwinyama yenkomo okanye yehagu, ekhula kwaye ihlale emathunjini amancinci;
• ICysticercosis: kwenzeka xa kufakwa amaqanda entshulube ye tapeworm, ethi ikhuphe izibungu zayo zikwazi ukuwela udonga lwesisu kwaye ziye kufikelela kwigazi lokufikelela kwamanye amalungu anjengezihlunu, intliziyo namehlo, umzekelo.

Ukuthintela i-teniasis kubalulekile ukunqanda ukutya inyama yenkomo eluhlaza okanye inyama yehagu, ukuhlamba izandla kunye nokutya ngaphambi kokuba uzilungiselele. Ukuba i-teniasis iyarhanelwa, kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha jikelele ukuze kwenziwe uvavanyo kwaye unyango lunokuqaliswa, oluqhele ukwenziwa ngeNiclosamide okanye iPraziquantel.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Usulelo lokuqala kunye Taenia sp. ayikhokeleli ekubonakaleni kweempawu, nangona kunjalo, njengoko i-parasite incamathela eludongeni lwamathumbu kwaye ikhula, iimpawu ezinje:

• Urhudo rhoqo okanye ukuqhina;
• Ziva gula;
• Intlungu zesisu;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Ukungabikho okanye ukwanda kokutya;
• Isiyezi;
• Ubuthathaka;
• Ukucaphuka
• Ukuhla ukusinda;
• Ukudinwa nokungalali.

Kubantwana, i-teniasis inokubangela ukukhula okungahambi kakuhle kunye nophuhliso, kunye nobunzima bokufumana ubunzima. Ubukho be Taenia sp. eludongeni lwamathumbu kunokubangela ukopha kwaye kukhokelele kwimveliso kunye nokukhululwa kwencindi encinci okanye eninzi.

Jonga ezona mpawu ziphambili zeteniasis kunye nezinye iimpethu:

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuchongwa kwe-teniasis kuhlala kunzima kuba uninzi lwabantu abosulelekileyo Taenia sp. azinazo iimpawu, kwaye xa zivela, ziyafana nezo zezinye izifo ezosulelayo zesisu.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ugqirha uhlala evavanya iimpawu ezinikiweyo kwaye acele uvavanyo lwesto ukujonga ubukho bamaqanda okanye ii-proglottids. Taenia sp., Ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Umjikelo wobomi beTeniasis

Umjikelo wobomi be-teniasis unokumelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Ngokubanzi, i-teniasis ifunyanwa ngokutya inyama yehagu okanye inyama yenkomo engcoliswe ngumbungu we tapeworm, ohlala emathunjini amancinci kwaye uguquke ebudaleni. Emva kwenyanga ezintathu, intshulube ye tapeworm iqala ukukhupha kwilindle oko kubizwa ngokuba zii-proglottids, ezingamacandelo omzimba wakho aqukethe amalungu okuzala kunye namaqanda awo.

Amaqanda entshulube yehagu angangcolisa umhlaba, amanzi kunye nokutya, ezinokuthi zibe noxanduva lokungcolisa ezinye izilwanyana okanye abanye abantu, abanokufumana icysticercosis. Qonda ukuba yintoni kunye nendlela yokuchonga i-cysticercosis.

Taenia solium kwaye Taenia saginata

THE Taenia solium kwaye i Taenia saginata zizidleleleli ezinoxanduva lwe-teniasis, zinombala omhlophe, umzimba othe tyaba ngohlobo lwetape kwaye zinokwahlulwa ngokubhekisele kumphathi wazo kunye neempawu zentshulube yabantu abadala.

THE Taenia solium ineehagu njengomphathi wazo kwaye, ke ngoko, ukuhanjiswa kuyenzeka xa inyama eluhlaza evela kwiihagu ezosulelekileyo ifakwa. Umbungu wabantu abadala ovela Taenia solium Inentloko eneekomityi zokutsala kunye nerostrum, engqinelana nobume obenziwe zii-acuules ezimilise isikwere ezivumela ukubambelela kudonga lwamathumbu. Ukongeza kokubangela i-teniasis, Taenia solium ikwanoxanduva lwe-cysticercosis.

THE Taenia saginata ineenkomo njengomphathi wayo kwaye inxulunyaniswa ne-teniasis kuphela. Umbungu wabantu abadala ovela Taenia saginata intloko yakhe ayixhobanga kwaye ayinayo irostrum, kuphela ngeekomityi zokutsala zokulungisa i-parasite kwi-mucosa yamathumbu. Ukongeza, ii-proglottids ezikhulelweyo ze Taenia solium zinkulu kunezo Taenia saginata.

Umahluko weentlobo awunakwenziwa ngohlalutyo lweqanda elifunyenwe kuvavanyo lwelindle. Umahluko unokwenzeka kuphela ngokujonga i-proglottids okanye ngovavanyo lweemolekyuli okanye i-immunological, ezinje nge-PCR kunye ne-ELISA, umzekelo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-teniasis luhlala luqala ngokusetyenziswa kwamachiza antiparasite, alawulwa ngohlobo lweepilisi, ezinokuthi zenziwe ekhaya, kodwa ekufuneka zichazwe ngugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye ugqirha wamazinyo.

La mayeza anokuthathwa ngedosi enye okanye ahlulwe kwiintsuku ezi-3, kwaye zihlala zibandakanya enye yezi zinto zilandelayo:

• UNiclosamide;
• IPraziquantel;
• Albendazole.

Unyango ngala mayeza lususa kuphela uhlobo lomntu omdala weentshulube ezisemathunjini ngesitulo, hayi ukuphelisa amaqanda. Ngesi sizathu, umntu owenza unyango angaqhubeka nokosulela abanye de onke amaqanda asuswe emathunjini.

Yiyo loo nto kucetyiswa ukuba ngexesha lonyango kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukunqanda ukosuleleka kwesi sifo, njengokupheka ukutya kakuhle, ukuthintela ukusela amanzi angenazo iibhotile kunye nokuhlamba izandla kakuhle xa uye kwigumbi lokuhlambela, naphambi kokupheka.

Indlela yokuthintela

Ukuthintela i-teniasis, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungatyi nyama ekrwada okanye engaphekwanga, usele amanzi amaminerali, ucocwe okanye ubilisiwe, hlamba ukutya kakuhle ngaphambi kokutya kwaye uhlambe izandla kakuhle ngesepha namanzi, ngakumbi emva kokusebenzisa igumbi lokuhlambela naphambi kokutya.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba unike izilwanyana amanzi acocekileyo kwaye ungachumisi umhlaba ngelindle lomntu, kuba ngale ndlela kunokwenzeka ukuthintela i-teniasis kuphela, kodwa nezinye izifo ezosulelayo.