Uvavanyo lwentliziyo encinci: yintoni, yintoni eyenzelwe kwaye uyenze nini

Umxholo

• Yenzelwe ntoni
• 1. Isiphene septum yetyric
• 2. Isiphene se-Atrial septal
• 3. Itetralogy yoBuxoki
• 4. Ukutshintshwa kwemithambo enkulu
• Luqhutywa njani uviwo
• Oko kuthethwa sisiphumo

Uvavanyo oluncinci lwentliziyo lolunye lovavanyo olwenziwa kwiintsana ezizalwe zikwiminyaka yokukhulelwa zingaphezulu kweeveki ezingama-34 kwaye zisenziwa kwiwadi yokubeleka, phakathi kweeyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48 emva kokuzalwa.

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa liqela elibeke esweni ukuhanjiswa kwaye lisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba intliziyo yomntwana isebenza ngokuchanekileyo, njengoko kunokuba kunjalo, ngexesha lokukhulelwa, isifo sentliziyo asikabhaqwa.

Jonga zonke iimvavanyo ekufuneka zisandul 'ukuzalwa.

Yenzelwe ntoni

Uvavanyo oluncinci lwentliziyo lusebenza ukuvavanya ukuba umntwana ulungelelanisa njani nobomi ngaphandle kwesibeleko. Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa ukungahambi kakuhle kwezihlunu kunye nemithambo yegazi yentliziyo, ukongeza ekujongeni ukuba intliziyo ibetha inani elilindelekileyo lamaxesha ngomzuzu, nokuba igazi elimpompoweyo entliziyweni liqulathe isixa esifunekayo somntwana .

Olunye utshintsho olunokufunyanwa ngovavanyo oluncinci lwentliziyo zezi:

1. Isiphene septum yetyric

Esi siphene siba nokuvuleka phakathi kwee-ventricle zasekunene nezasekhohlo, ezingamalungu asezantsi entliziyo kwaye nekungafanelekanga ukuba ziqhakamshelane ngqo. Kuqhelekile ukuba oku kuvulwa kuvalwe ngokwendalo, kodwa kuyo nayiphi na imeko ugqirha wabantwana uya kubeka iliso kwimeko ukuze abone ukuba ukuvalwa kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ukuba ngaba kufuneka kwenziwe utyando.

Abantwana abanale ngxaki bengenazo iimpawu, nangona kunjalo ukuba inqanaba liphakathi kunokubangela uxinzelelo lokuphefumla kunye nobunzima bokufumana ubunzima.

2. Isiphene se-Atrial septal

I-atrium yinxalenye ephezulu yentliziyo, eyahlulwe yangasekhohlo nasekunene kuba sisakhiwo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-septum. Isiphene esivelisa isifo se-septum se-atrial kukuvuleka okuncinci kwi-septum, edibanisa amacala amabini. Oku kuvulwa kungavalwa ngokuzenzekelayo, kodwa kukho iimeko apho kufuneka kwenziwe utyando.

Iintsana ezinolu tshintsho azihlali zibonisa iimpawu.

3. Itetralogy yoBuxoki

I-Tetralogy ye-Fallot iseti yeziphene ezine ezinokuchaphazela intliziyo yosana olusandul 'ukuzalwa. Umzekelo, xa umphantsi wegazi wasekhohlo wentliziyo umncinci kunokuba kufanelekile, kwaye oku kubangela ukuba imisipha ikhule kulo mmandla, ishiye intliziyo yosana idumbile.

Ezi mpazamo zinciphisa ioksijini emzimbeni, kwaye enye yeempawu zesifo kukutshintsha kombala ukuya kwimibala emfusa nemsi kwimimandla yomlomo wosana neminwe. Jonga ukuba zeziphi ezinye iimpawu kwaye lunjani unyango lweTetralogy of Fallot.

4. Ukutshintshwa kwemithambo enkulu

Kule meko, imithambo yegazi emikhulu ejongene nokujikeleza kwegazi elingena-oksijini kunye nelingenayo ioksijini lisebenza umva, apho icala leoksijini lingatshintshi necala ngaphandle kweoksijini. Iimpawu zokutshintsha kwemithambo emikhulu zenzeka kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa ngenxa yokunqongophala kweoksijini kwaye umntwana usenokuba nokonyuka kwenqanaba lentliziyo.

Kwesi sifo, utyando oluphindaphindiweyo luboniswa ekuxhumeni imithambo yegazi kwiindawo ebekufanele ukuba zenziwe kuzo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Luqhutywa njani uviwo

Uvavanyo lwenziwa ngomntwana olele kamnandi ngezandla ezishushu kunye neenyawo. Isincedisi esikhethekileyo esimile okweentsimbi kubantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa sibekwe engalweni yomntwana yasekunene eyenza umlinganiso weoksijini egazini.

Akukho kunqunyulwa okanye mingxunya kolu vavanyo kwaye, ke ngoko, usana aluziva zintlungu okanye ukungonwabi. Ukongeza, abazali banokuhlala nosana kuyo yonke inkqubo, ukuyenza ukuba ibe lula ngakumbi.

Ngamanye amaxesha olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa kunyawo losana, kusetyenziswa isongo esifanayo ukulinganisa ubungakanani beoksijini egazini.

Oko kuthethwa sisiphumo

Iziphumo zovavanyo zithathwa njengeziqhelekileyo nezingalunganga xa inani leoksijini egazini lomntwana lingaphezulu kwama-96%, ke umntwana ulandela inkqubo yokhathalelo lweentsana, xa ephuma esibhedlele xa kubhalwa zonke iimvavanyo.

Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zilungile, oko kuthetha ukuba inani leoksijini egazini lingaphantsi kwama-95% kwaye, ukuba oku kuyenzeka, uvavanyo kufuneka luphindwe emva kweyure e-1. Kolu vavanyo lwesibini, ukuba iziphumo zigcinwa, oko kukuthi, ukuba ihlala ingaphantsi kwe-95%, umntwana kufuneka alaliswe esibhedlele ukuze abe ne-echocardiogram. Fumanisa ukuba yenziwa njani kwaye yeyiphi i-echocardiogram eyenzelwe yona.