Yintoni i-thymoma, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iindidi
• Iimpawu ze-thymoma
• Unyango lwe-thymoma
• Amanqanaba e-thymoma

I-Thymoma sisifo esibuhlungu kwi-thymus gland, esisi sifo esimi emva kwethambo lesifuba, esikhula kancinci kwaye sihlala sibonakaliswa njenge-tumor enobungozi engasasazeki kwamanye amalungu. Esi sifo asikho i-thymic carcinoma, ngoko ayisoloko iphathwa njengomhlaza.

Ngokubanzi, i-thymoma enobungozi iqhelekile kwizigulana ezingaphezulu kwe-50 kunye nezifo ezizimele, ngakumbi iMyasthenia gravis, iLupus okanye isifo samathambo, umzekelo.

Iindidi

I-Thymoma inokwahlulahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezi-6:

• Uhlobo A: Ngokwesiqhelo inamathuba amahle okunyanga, kwaye xa kungenzeki ukunyanga, isigulana sinokuhlala ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-15 emva kokuxilongwa;
• Uhlobo lwe-AB: njengohlobo A thymoma, kukho ithuba elihle lokunyanga;
• Uhlobo lwe-B1: izinga lokusinda lingaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20 emva kokuxilongwa;
• Uhlobo lwe-B2: malunga nesiqingatha sezigulana baphila ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 emva kokufunyaniswa kwengxaki;
• Uhlobo lwe-B3: phantse isiqingatha sezigulana siphila iminyaka engama-20;
• Uhlobo C: luhlobo olubi lwe-thymoma kwaye uninzi lwezigulana zihlala phakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10.

I-Thymoma inokufunyanwa ngokuthatha i-X-ray yesifuba ngenxa yenye ingxaki, ngoko ugqirha unokuyalela uvavanyo oluthe kratya, njenge-CT scan okanye iMRI ukuvavanya ithumba kwaye uqale unyango olufanelekileyo.

Iimpawu ze-thymoma

Kwiimeko ezininzi ze-thymoma, akukho zimpawu zichaziweyo, xa kufunyanwa uvavanyo xa kusenziwa esinye isizathu. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ze-thymoma zingaba:

• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo;
• Iintlungu zesifuba;
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla;
• Ubuthathaka rhoqo;
• Ukudumba kobuso okanye iingalo;
• Kunzima ukugwinya;
• Umbono kabini.

Iimpawu ze-thymoma zinqabile, zihlala zixhaphakile kwiimeko ze-thymoma enobungozi, ngenxa yethumba elisasazeka kwamanye amalungu.

Unyango lwe-thymoma

Unyango kufuneka lukhokelwe yi-oncologist, kodwa kuhlala kwenziwa ngoqhaqho ukususa ithumba kangangoko, okusombulula iimeko ezininzi.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, xa kuziwa kumhlaza kwaye kukho imastastases, ugqirha unokucebisa ngeradiotherapy. Kwizilonda ezingasebenziyo, unyango lwe-chemotherapy lunokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, kwezi meko amathuba okunyanga mancinci kwaye abaguli baphila malunga neminyaka eli-10 emva kokuxilongwa.

Emva konyango lwe-thymoma, isiguli kufuneka siye kwi-oncologist ubuncinci kube kanye ngonyaka ukuze senze i-CT scan, sikhangele ukubonakala kwesisu esitsha.

Amanqanaba e-thymoma

Amanqanaba e-thymoma ahlukaniswe ngokwamalungu achaphazelekayo kwaye, ke, kubandakanya:

• Inqanaba 1: Ibekwe kuphela kwi-thymus nakwisihlunu esigqumayo;
• Inqanaba 2: ithumba linwenwele kumanqatha akufutshane ne-thymus okanye kwi-pleura;
• Inqanaba 3: ichaphazela imithambo yegazi kunye namalungu akufutshane ne-thymus, njengemiphunga;
• Inqanaba 4: I-tumor isasazeke kwizitho ezikude kude ne-thymus, njengobuncwane bentliziyo.

Ukuqhubela phambili kwinqanaba le-thymoma kukuba, kunzima ngakumbi ukwenza unyango kunye nokufezekisa unyango, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba izigulane ezinezifo ezizimele zihlala zihlola rhoqo ukufumanisa ukubonakala kwamathumba.