Inkqubo yemisipha: ukuhlelwa kunye neentlobo zezihlunu

Umxholo

• Ukwahlula izihlunu
• Iindidi zezihlunu
• 1. Imisipha yentliziyo
• 2. Isihlunu esigudileyo
• 3. Isihlunu samathambo

Inkqubo yemisipha ingqinelana neseti yezihlunu ezikhoyo emzimbeni ezivumela iintshukumo ukuba zenziwe, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuma, ukuzinza kunye nenkxaso yomzimba. Imisipha yenziwa siseti yemicu yemisipha, i-myofibrils, ehlelwe ngemixokelelwane kwaye ijikelezwe ziithishu.

Imisipha iyakwazi ukwenza intshukumo yokuncipha kunye nokuphumla kwaye yile nto ithanda ukusebenza kweentshukumo zemihla ngemihla, njengokuhamba, ukubaleka, ukuxhuma, ukuhlala, ukongeza kwezinye eziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni ngokuchanekileyo komzimba, ezinje Ukujikeleza igazi, phefumla kwaye wenze ukwetyisa.

Ukwahlula izihlunu

Izihlunu zinokuhlelwa ngokwentsebenzo ngokobume bazo, ukusebenza kunye neempawu zokuncipha. Ngokwezixhobo zabo zokuncipha, izihlunu zinokuba:

• Amavolontiya, xa ukusikwa kwayo kulungelelaniswa yinkqubo yemithambo-luvo, ephenjelelwa ngumnqweno womntu;
• Ukuzibandakanya, apho ukusikwa kunye nokuphumla kwesihlunu akuxhomekekanga kwintando yomntu, eyenzeka rhoqo, njengakwimeko yemisipha yentliziyo kunye nesihlunu esikhona emathunjini esivumela intshukumo ye-peristaltic, umzekelo.

Ngokomsebenzi wabo, banokuhlelwa:

• Agonists, Isivumelwano esineenjongo zokuvelisa intshukumo;
• I-Synergists, apho isivumelwano sikwicala elinye ne-agonists, sinceda ukuvelisa intshukumo;
• Abachasi, Abachasene nentshukumo enqwenelekayo, oko kukuthi, ngelixa izihlunu ze-agonist zivelisa intshukumo yokuncipha, abo bachasene nabo bakhuthaza ukuphumla kunye nokunwebeka kwezihlunu ngokuthe ngcembe, ukuvumela intshukumo ukuba yenzeke ngendlela elungelelanisiweyo.

Ukongeza, ngokweempawu zesakhiwo, izihlunu zinokuhlelwa ngokugudileyo, amathambo kunye nentliziyo. Ezi zihlunu zisebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwinkqubo yovalo ukwenzela ukuvumela intshukumo ukuba yenzeke ngendlela echanekileyo nelungelelanisiweyo.

Iindidi zezihlunu

Ngokwakhiwo, izicubu zemisipha zinokuhlelwa ngokweendidi ezintathu ezahlukeneyo:

1. Imisipha yentliziyo

Imisipha yentliziyo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-myocardium, sisihlunu esigubungele intliziyo kwaye sivumela intshukumo yeli lungu, lithanda ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kunye neoksijini kwamanye amalungu nakwizicubu zomzimba, kugcinwe ukusebenza kakuhle komzimba.

Esi sihlunu sihlelwa ngokungazibandakanyi, kuba umsebenzi waso wenziwa ngaphandle komnqweno womntu. Ukongeza, ine-striations, enokubizwa ngokuba yi-cardiac striatum, kwaye ineeseli ezinde nezinamasebe ezinesivumelwano ngamandla kunye nesingqisho.

2. Isihlunu esigudileyo

Olu hlobo lwezihlunu lunezibambo ezingazibandakanyiyo nezicothayo kwaye zingafunyanwa eludongeni lwezitho ezingenanto ezinje ngenkqubo yokwetyisa, isinyi kunye nomthambo, umzekelo. Ngokungafaniyo nesihlunu senhliziyo, esi sihlunu asinayo imigca kwaye, ke, ibizwa ngokuba igudile.

3. Isihlunu samathambo

Imisipha yamathambo ikwaluhlobo lomsipha otyhidiweyo, nangona kunjalo ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo zezihlunu, ine-contraction yokuzithandela, oko kukuthi, ukuze intshukumo yenzeke, umntu kufuneka anike lo mqondiso wokuba umsipha usebenze. Olu hlobo lwemisipha luqhotyoshelwe emathanjeni ngeetoni, ukuvumela ukuhamba kwezihlunu zengalo, imilenze nezandla, umzekelo.