Yintoni ongayilindela kuTyando lwe-TMJ

Umxholo

• Ngaba unokusebenzisa utyando ukunyanga i-TMJ?
• Ngubani umgqatswa olungileyo kotyando lweTMJ?
• Zithini iintlobo zotyando lweTMJ?
• Arthrocentesis
• IArthroscopy
• Utyando oluvulekileyo
• Kunjani ukuchacha?
• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho kuqhaqho lweTMJ?
• Ngaba iintlungu ze-TMJ ziya kubuya ukuba ndenziwe utyando?
• Yintoni endimele ndiyibuze umboneleli wam wezempilo?
• Yise kude

Ngaba unokusebenzisa utyando ukunyanga i-TMJ?

Umdibaniso wetemporomandibular (TMJ) sisidibanisi esifana nehenjisi esifumaneka apho kudibana khona umhlathi nokhakhayi. I-TMJ ivumela umhlathi wakho ukuba utshibilike uye ezantsi, ikuvumela ukuba uthethe, uhlafune, kwaye wenze zonke iintlobo zezinto ngomlomo wakho.

Ingxaki ye-TMJ ibangela iintlungu, ukuqina, okanye ukungabikho kokuhamba kwi-TMJ yakho, ekugcina ungasebenzisi uluhlu olupheleleyo lomhlathi wakho.

Utyando lunokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo se-TMJ ukuba unyango olungaphezulu olulondolozayo, olufana nokuthanjiswa ngomlomo okanye oonogada bomlomo, akuncedi ekunciphiseni ubuzaza beempawu zakho. Kwabanye abantu, utyando lunokuba yimfuneko ukubuyisela ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwe-TMJ yabo.

Funda ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngotyando lwe-TMJ, kubandakanya:

• ngubani umgqatswa olungileyo
• iintlobo zotyando lweTMJ
• ukuba ulindele ntoni

Ngubani umgqatswa olungileyo kotyando lweTMJ?

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa Utyando lweTMJ ukuba:

• Uziva ungaguquguquki, ubuhlungu obukhulu okanye ukuthamba xa uvula okanye uvale umlomo.
• Awunakho ukuvula okanye ukuvala umlomo wakho yonke indlela.
• Unengxaki yokutya okanye ukusela ngenxa yeentlungu zomhlathi okanye ukungahambi.
• Intlungu yakho okanye ukungahambi kakuhle kuya kusiba kubi, nditsho nokuphumla okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango.
• Uneengxaki ezithile zesakhiwo okanye izifo kumdibaniso womhlathi, eziqinisekisiweyo ngemitha ngemifanekiso, enjengeMRI

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngokuchasene Utyando lweTMJ ukuba:

• Iimpawu zakho ze-TMJ azikho nzima kangako. Umzekelo, awungekhe ufune utyando ukuba umhlathi wakho wenza ukucofa okanye ukuphuma kwesandi xa uvula, kodwa akukho zintlungu zinxulumene nayo.
• Iimpawu zakho azihambelani. Unokuba neempawu ezinzima, ezibuhlungu ngolunye usuku oluphela ngolandelayo. Oku kunokuba sisiphumo sokuphindaphinda okuthile okanye ukusetyenziswa gwenxa - njengokuthetha ngaphezu kwesiqhelo ngosuku olunikiweyo, ukuhlafuna ukutya okunzima kakhulu, okanye ukuhlafuna itshungama rhoqo - okubangele ukudinwa kwi-TMJ yakho. Kule meko, umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokucebisa ukuba uphumle umhlathi ngeeyure okanye iintsuku ezimbalwa.
• Unokuvula kwaye uvale umhlathi wakho yonke indlela. Nokuba unentlungu okanye uthambile xa uvula kwaye uvale umlomo, ugqirha wakho usenokungacebisi utyando ngenxa yomngcipheko obandakanyekayo. Banokuthi endaweni yoko bacebise amayeza, unyango lomzimba, okanye utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila ukunciphisa iimpawu.

Kubalulekile ukuvavanywa ngugqirha wamazinyo okanye ugqirha womlomo oqeqeshiweyo kwi-TMD.

Baza kwenza uvavanyo olucokisekileyo lwembali yakho yokubonisa iimpawu, ukubonakaliswa kweklinikhi, kunye nokufunyanwa kwe-radiology ukumisela ukuba ngaba utyando luya kuba luncedo kwiimpawu zakho. Ugqirha luthathwa njengendawo yokugqibela ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango aziphumelelanga.

Zithini iintlobo zotyando lweTMJ?

Iindidi ezininzi zoqhaqho lwe-TMJ zinokwenzeka, kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho okanye ubukhali bazo.

Arthrocentesis

I-Arthrocentesis yenziwa ngokujova ulwelo kwilungu lakho. Umbane uhlamba nayiphi na imveliso yekhemikhali yokuvuvukala kwaye inokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo olwenza ukuba indibaniselwano iqine okanye ibe buhlungu. Oku kunokukunceda uphinde ufumane olunye uhlobo lomhlathi wakho wesindululo.

Le yinkqubo encinci yokuhlasela. Unako ukugoduka kwangolo suku. Ixesha lokufumana kwakhona lifutshane, kwaye inqanaba lempumelelo liphezulu. Ngokwe-a, i-arthrocentesis inomndilili wokuphucula iipesenti ezingama-80 kwiimpawu.

I-Arthrocentesis ihlala inyango lokuqala kuba ayingenisi kwaye inenqanaba eliphezulu lempumelelo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye, iinkqubo ezinzima.

IArthroscopy

IArthroscopy yenziwa ngokuvula umngxunya omncinci okanye imingxunya embalwa kulusu ngaphezulu kwendibaniselwano.

Umbhobho omncinci obizwa ngokuba yi-cannula emva koko ufakwa emngxunyeni kunye nakwilungu. Emva koko, ugqirha wakho uya kufaka i-arthroscope kwi-cannula. Iarthroscope sisixhobo esinokukhanya kunye nekhamera esetyenziselwa ukubona ngokudibeneyo ukudibana kwakho.

Nje ukuba yonke into imiselwe, ugqirha wakho wotyando unokuthi emva koko asebenze ngokudibeneyo usebenzisa izixhobo ezincinane zotyando ezifakwe kwi-cannula.

IArthroscopy ayisiyonto ingako kunotyando oluvulekileyo oluqhelekileyo, ke ixesha lokufumana kwakhona liyakhawuleza, zihlala iintsuku ukuya kwiveki.

Ikwavumela umboneleli wakho wokhathalelo lwempilo inkululeko eninzi yokwenza iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo kwilungu, njenge:

• ukususwa kwezicwili
• ukubumba ngokudibeneyo
• inaliti yamayeza
• intlungu okanye ukudumba

Utyando oluvulekileyo

Utyando oluvulekileyo oluhlanganyelweyo luquka ukuvula incision iisentimitha ezimbalwa ubude ngaphezulu kwendibaniselwano ukuze umboneleli wakho wezempilo akwazi ukusebenza ngokudibeneyo uqobo.

Olu hlobo lotyando lwe-TMJ luhlala lubekelwe isifo esibi se-TMJ esibandakanya:

• ukukhula okuninzi kwethishu okanye kwethambo okuthintela ukudibana ukuba kungashukumi
• ukudibanisa izicubu ezidibeneyo, i-cartilage, okanye ithambo (i-ankylosis)
• ukungakwazi ukufikelela ngokudibeneyo kunye ne-arthroscopy

Ngokwenza utyando oluvulekileyo, ugqirha wakho uya kuba nakho ukususa ukukhula kwamathambo okanye izicwili ezigqithileyo. Bayakwazi ukulungisa okanye ukubeka kwakhona idiski ukuba ayikho endaweni okanye yonakele.

Ukuba idiski yakho ayinakulungiswa, i-discectomy inokwenziwa. Ugqirha wakho unokuyitshintsha ngokupheleleyo idiski yakho ngediski eyenziweyo okanye izicwili zakho.

Xa izakhiwo zamathambo zendibaniselwano zibandakanyeka, ugqirha wotyando angasusa amanye amathambo agulayo omdibaniso womhlathi okanye ukhakhayi.

Ukuhlinzwa ngokuvulekileyo kunexesha elide lokufumana kwakhona kunenkqubo ye-arthroscopic, kodwa inqanaba lempumelelo lisephezulu kakhulu. Ufumene ukuphuculwa kweepesenti ezingama-71 kwiintlungu kunye nokuphuculwa kweepesenti ezingama-61 kuluhlu lokuhamba.

Kunjani ukuchacha?

Ukubuyiselwa kwimeko yoqhaqho lwe-TMJ kuxhomekeke emntwini kunye nohlobo lotyando olwenziwe. Uninzi lotyando lwe-TMJ yinkqubo yezigulana ezingalaliswayo, oko kuthetha ukuba uya kuba nakho ukugoduka kwangolo suku olunye ngotyando.

Qiniseka ukuba umntu othile angakusa ekhaya ngalo mhla wotyando, kuba usenokuba yi-woozy encinci okanye awukwazi ukugxila, ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-anesthesia.

Thatha usuku lotyando lwakho emsebenzini. Awunyanzelekanga ukuba uthathe ikhefu elingaphezulu kosuku olunye ukuba umsebenzi wakho awufuni ukuba uhambise umlomo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kunokwenzeka, thatha iintsuku ezimbalwa uzinike ixesha lokuphumla.

Emva kokuba inkqubo yenziwe, unokuba ne-bandage kumhlathi wakho. Ugqirha wakho unokusongela ibhandeji eyongezelelekileyo entlokweni yakho ukugcina inxeba linxibile likhuselekile kwaye lisendaweni elungileyo.

Kusuku olunye ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini emva kotyando, yenza oku kulandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyachacha ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo:

• Thatha iziyobisi ezichasayo (i-NSAIDS) ngayo nayiphi na intlungu ukuba umboneleli wakho wezempilo uyayincoma. (Ii-NSAID azikhuthazwa kubantu abaneengxaki zokopha okanye imiba yezintso.)
• Gwema ukutya okuqinileyo kunye nokutya. Ezi zinokubeka ubunzima kwilungu lakho. Kuya kufuneka ulandele ukutya okungamanzi iveki okanye nangaphezulu kunye nokutya kokutya okuthambileyo iiveki ezintathu okanye njalo. Qinisekisa ukuba uhlala u-hydrated emva kotyando.
• Faka isicinezelo esibandayo kuloo ndawo ukunceda ukudumba. Ukucinezelwa kunokuba lula njengengxowa efriziwe yemifuno esongelwe ngetawuli ecocekileyo.
• Ubushushu obufudumeleyo obufakwe kwimisipha yomhlathi bunokunceda ngokuthuthuzela emva kotyando, njengokufudumeza iipads okanye ukufaka imicrowave kwilaphu elifumileyo.
• Vala ibhandeji yakho ngaphambi kokuba uhlambe okanye uhlambe ukuze kungangeni manzi.
• Rhoxisa rhoqo kwaye ubeke endaweni enye ii-bandage. Faka isicelo nakweyiphi na into yokuthambisa kunye nokuthambisa umboneleli wakho okhathalela impilo qho xa utshintsha ibhandeji.
• Nxiba umqala okanye esinye isixhobo kumhlathi wakho ngalo lonke ixesha de ugqirha akuxelele ukuba kulungile ukusisusa.

Jonga umboneleli wakho wezempilo kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kotyando ukuze uqiniseke ukuba uphilisa kakuhle kwaye ufumana nayiphi na eminye imiyalelo ekunyamekeleni i-TMJ yakho.

Ugqirha wakho unokufuna kwakhona ukususa iziqu ngeli xesha ukuba izibonda zakho azichithi zodwa. Ukongeza, banokucebisa amayeza eentlungu okanye naluphi na usulelo oluvelayo.

Kuya kufuneka uphinde ubone ugqirha oza kukunceda ukuba uphinde ufumane intshukumo kumhlathi wakho kunye nokugcina ukudumba ekuthinteleni isindululo sakho se-TMJ.

Uthotho lokonyulwa ngokwasemzimbeni kungathatha iiveki okanye iinyanga ezininzi, kodwa uhlala ubona iziphumo zexesha elide ukuba usebenza ngokusondeleyo nonyango lwakho.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho kuqhaqho lweTMJ?

Eyona ngxaki iqhelekileyo yotyando lwe-TMJ ilahleko esisigxina kuluhlu lokuhamba.

Ezinye iingxaki ezinokubakho zibandakanya:

• ukwenzakala kwemithambo-luvo yobuso, ngamanye amaxesha kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni yinxalenye yokuhamba kwemisipha yobuso okanye ilahleko yovakalelo
• umonakalo kwizicubu ezikufutshane, ezinjengezantsi kwekhayi, imithambo yegazi, okanye i-anatomy enxulumene nokuva kwakho
• usulelo olujikeleze indawo yotyando ngexesha okanye emva kotyando
• intlungu eqhubekayo okanye uluhlu olulinganiselweyo lokuhamba
• I-Frey syndrome, ubunzima obunqabileyo beengqungquthela ze-parotid (kufuphi ne-TMJ yakho) ebangela ukujuluka kobuso obungavumelekanga

Ngaba iintlungu ze-TMJ ziya kubuya ukuba ndenziwe utyando?

Intlungu yeTMJ inokubuyela nasemva kokuba utyandiwe. Nge-arthrocentesis, inkunkuma kuphela kunye nokudumba okugqithisileyo kuyasuswa. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkunkuma inokwakha kwindibaniselwano kwakhona, okanye ukudumba kungaphinda kwenzeke.

Intlungu ye-TMJ inokubuyela kwakhona ukuba ibangelwe ngumkhwa ofana nokuqinisa okanye ukugaya amazinyo (bruxism) xa uxinezelekile okanye xa ulele.

Ukuba unesifo esingaphantsi komzimba esenza ukuba izicubu zivuthe, ezifana nesifo se-rheumatoid arthritis, intlungu ye-TMJ ingabuya xa amajoni akho omzimba ejolise kumalungu adibeneyo.

Yintoni endimele ndiyibuze umboneleli wam wezempilo?

Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokuba utyando lwe-TMJ, buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo:

• Intlungu yam kufuneka ihlale kangakanani okanye ibe qatha ngaphambi kokuba ndenziwe utyando?
• Ukuba utyando alundilungelanga, yeyiphi imisebenzi ekufuneka ndiyiphephe okanye ndenze okungakumbi ukunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu okanye ukonyusa uluhlu lwam lokuhamba?
• Loluphi uhlobo lotyando olucebisa mna? Ngoba?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndibone ugqirha wezonyango ukuze ndibone ukuba oko kuyanceda kuqala?
• Ngaba kufuneka nditshintshe indlela enditya ngayo ngaphandle kokukhetha ukutya ukutya okunzima okanye ukuhlafuna ukunceda kwiimpawu zam?
• Ngaba zikhona iingxaki endinokucinga ngazo ukuba ndigqiba kwelokuba ndingatyandi?

Yise kude

Jonga umboneleli wakho wezempilo okanye ugqirha wamazinyo ngokukhawuleza ukuba iintlungu zomhlathi wakho okanye ukuthamba kuyaphazamisa ebomini bakho okanye ukuba kuthintela ukuba ungatyi okanye usele.

Awunakudinga utyando ukuba unyango olungenzonyango, amayeza, okanye utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila luthomalalisa iintlungu zakho ze-TMJ. Utyando kuhlala kuyindlela yokugqibela yezona meko zinzima, kwaye akuqinisekisi unyango.

Yazisa umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba ngaba unyango olungakumbi alunakunceda okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu.