Yintoni enokuthi ukhohlele igazi kwaye wenze ntoni

Umxholo

• 1. Ukulimala komoya
• 2. Inyumoniya
• 3. Isifo sephepha
• 4. IBronchiectasis
• 5. I-pulmonary embolism
• 6. Umhlaza wemiphunga
• Uya nini kwagqirha
• Yintoni enokukhohlela igazi kwiintsana

Ukukhohlela igazi, ekuthiwa yihemoptysis, akusoloko kungumqondiso wengxaki enkulu, kwaye kunokuvela kuphela ngenxa yesilonda esincinci empumlweni okanye emqaleni esopha xa ukhohlela.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isikhohlela sikhatshwa ligazi elibomvu eliqaqambileyo isenokuba luphawu lweengxaki zempilo ezinzulu, ezifana nenyumoniya, isifo sephepha okanye umhlaza wemiphunga, ngakumbi xa usenzeka ngaphezulu kosuku.

Ke ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubonane nogqirha okanye ugqirha wamaphaphu nanini na xa ukhohlela olunegazi luthatha ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24 ukuba linyamalale okanye xa inani legazi likhulu okanye linyuka ngokuhamba kwexesha.

1. Ukulimala komoya

Kwinxalenye enkulu yamatyala, ukukhwehlela okunegazi kubangelwa kukonzakala okulula empumlweni, ukukruquka komqala okanye ngenxa yovavanyo oluthile, olufana nebronchoscopy, lung biopsy, endoscopy okanye utyando lokususa iitoni, umzekelo.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukukhwehlela okunegazi kuyazicoca ngokwakho ngaphandle kokufuna naluphi na unyango, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ihlala ixesha elingaphezu kosuku olunye kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha wezonyango ukuze achonge ingxaki kwaye aqalise unyango olufanelekileyo.

2. Inyumoniya

I-pneumonia sisifo esibi emiphungeni esidla ngokubangela iimpawu ezinjengokukhohlela okunegazi, ifiva ngesiquphe nangaphezulu kwama-38ºC, ukuphefumla kancinci kunye nentlungu esifubeni. Ihlala ivela emva kokukhathalelwa kakubi komkhuhlane okanye ukubanda, apho intsholongwane okanye ibhaktheriya ikwazi ukufikelela kwi-alveoli, iphazamise ukufika kweoksijini kwiiseli. Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngesiseko sovavanyo kwaye unyango lunokubandakanya i-antibiotics.

Kwenziwe ntoni: kuba ezinye iintlobo zenyumoniya kufuneka inyangwe ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kuyacetyiswa ukuba uye kugqirha wezonyango ukuze uqinisekise isifo kwaye uqale unyango olufanelekileyo. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, inyumoniya inokuchaphazela kakhulu ukuphefumla, kwaye kungafuneka nokuba uhlale esibhedlele. Fumanisa ngakumbi malunga nonyango lwesi sifo kwaye loluphi ukhetho olukhoyo.

3. Isifo sephepha

Ukongeza ukukhohlela okunegazi, isifo esikwimeko yesifo sephepha, esi sifo sinokubangela ezinye iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane ongapheliyo, ukubila ebusuku, ukudinwa okugqithisileyo kunye nokwehla kobunzima. Kule meko, ukukhwehlela kufuneka kubekhona ngaphezulu kweeveki ezi-3 kwaye akubonakali kuhambelana nawo nawuphi na umkhuhlane. Uvavanyo oluchaza isifo sephepha semiphunga luvavanyo lwesikhohlela kwaye unyango lwenziwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.

Kwenziwe ntoni: isifo sephepha sibangelwa yibacteria kwaye, ke ngoko, unyango lwayo luhlala lusenziwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ekufuneka esetyenziswe iinyanga ezininzi de usulelo lunyangeke ngokupheleleyo. Ke ngoko, nanini na xa kurhanelwa isifo sephepha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukudibana nengcali yemiphunga. Ukongeza, ukuba ngaba isifo siqinisekisiwe, abona bantu basondeleyo kufuneka balumkiswe ukuze nabo bavavanyelwe isifo sephepha, nanjengoko esi sifo sisasazeka lula. Bona ezinye iinkcukacha zonyango.

4. IBronchiectasis

Esi sifo sokuphefumla sibangela ukukhohlela igazi eliya liba mandundu ngenxa yokonyuka okusisigxina kwe-bronchi, enokubangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktiriya okanye ezinye izifo zokuphefumla ezifana ne-bronchitis, isifuba okanye inyumoniya.

Kwenziwe ntoni: kwindawo elungileyo yamatyala i-bronchiectasis ayinanyango, nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa amayeza anceda ukunciphisa iimpawu kakhulu, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi. Olu nyango lunokumiselwa ngugqirha wesifo semiphunga emva kokuvavanywa kweempawu. Fumanisa ngakumbi ngesi sifo nokuba loluphi unyango olukhoyo.

5. I-pulmonary embolism

I-pulmonary embolism yingxaki enkulu ekufuneka inyangwe ngokukhawuleza esibhedlele. Ihlala isenzeka ngenxa yobukho begazi elithintela ukuhamba kwegazi lisiya emphefumlweni, kubangele ukufa kwezicubu ezichaphazelekayo kunye nobunzima ekuphefumlweni. Ke, ukongeza ekukhohliseni igazi, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba namava okuphefumla okufutshane, iminwe eluhlaza, iintlungu esifubeni kunye nokunyuka kwentliziyo. Qonda ngakumbi malunga nendlela i-pulmonary embolism evela ngayo.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Nanini na xa kukho ukuphefumla okukhulu, okuhamba nentlungu esifubeni kunye nokukhohlela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uye ngokukhawuleza esibhedlele ukuya kuqinisekisa ukuba ayongxaki enzulu njengokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okanye imbumba yemiphunga.

6. Umhlaza wemiphunga

Umhlaza wemiphunga ukrokreleka xa kukho ukukhohlela okunegazi kunye nokwehla kobunzima kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, ngaphandle kokutya okanye ukwenza umthambo. Ezinye iimpawu ezinokubakho kukudinwa kunye nobuthathaka, ezinokuthi zenzeke xa umhlaza uqala emiphungeni, njengoko kuqhelekile kubantu abatshayayo, okanye xa kukho imastastases emphungeni. Yazi ezinye iimpawu ezinokubonisa umhlaza wemiphunga.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Impatho yonyango lomhlaza ihlala ikhula ngokukhawuleza umhlaza ufunyaniswa. Ke ngoko, nangaliphi na ixesha kukho iimpawu ezinokubonisa ingxaki yemiphunga, kubaluleke kakhulu ukudibana ne-pulmonologist. Ukongeza, abantu abanembali yosapho yomhlaza wemiphunga okanye abatshayayo kufuneka babe nokuqeshwa okuphindayo kunye ne-pulmonologist, ngakumbi emva kweminyaka engama-50.

Uya nini kwagqirha

Xa ujonga ubukho bokukhohlela igazi, umntu kufuneka ahlale ezolile kwaye azame ukufumana unobangela. Ezinye zeemeko ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe zezi:

• Inani legazi elikhoyo;
• Ukuba kukho imikhondo yegazi emlonyeni okanye empumlweni;
• Xa igazi lalibonwa okokuqala;
• Ukuba umntu sele enesifo sokuphefumla ngaphambi kokuba kuvele olu phawu;
• Ukuba kukho ezinye iimpawu ezinjengokuphefumla kancinci, ukuphefumla nzima, imfutshane kunye nokuvuthwa, ingxolo xa uphefumla, umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu okanye utyhafa.

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba imeko inzima, kuya kufuneka ubize i-192 kwaye ubize i-SAMU okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ukuze imeko ivavanywe ngugqirha.

Yintoni enokukhohlela igazi kwiintsana

Kubantwana esona sizathu siqhelekileyo bubukho bezinto ezincinane abazibeka empumlweni okanye emlonyeni baphele bephuma emiphungeni kubangele ukukhohlela okomileyo kunye nemithambo yegazi. Kule meko kuqhelekile ukungabinalo igazi elininzi kodwa kubalulekile ukuthatha umntwana esibhedlele ayokhutshwa i-x-ray ukuze kuchongwe unobangela.

Ugqirha unokusebenzisa isixhobo esincinci ukujonga iindlebe zomntwana, impumlo kunye nomqala wezinto ezincinci ezinje ngecici, itarrachas, umbona, ii-ertyisi, iimbotyi okanye iithoyi ezinokuthi zaziswe kwezi ndawo. Kuxhomekeka kwinto eyazisiweyo kunye nendawo ekuyo, inokususwa nge-forceps kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, utyando lunokuba yimfuneko.

Okunye, izizathu ezingaqhelekanga eziqhelekileyo zokukhohlela kwegazi kwiintsana nasebantwaneni sisifo semiphunga okanye sentliziyo, ekufuneka sifunyanwe kwaye sinyangwe ngugqirha wabantwana. Kwimeko yokuthandabuza, thetha nogqirha wabantwana.