Ukufakelwa kwesibindi: xa kubonisiwe kwaye ubuyela njani

Umxholo

• Xa kubonisiwe
• Ungakulungiselela njani ukufakelwa
• Unjani uchacha
• 1. Esibhedlele
• 2. Ekhaya
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngamayeza

Ukufakelwa kwesibindi yinkqubo yotyando eboniswe kubantu abanomonakalo omkhulu wesibindi, ukuze umsebenzi weli lungu uphazamiseke, njengakwimeko yesibindi sokuqina, ukusilela kwesibindi, umhlaza wesibindi kunye ne-cholangitis, umzekelo.

Ke, xa kukho into ebonakalisa ukufakelwa isibindi, kubalulekile ukuba umntu agcine ukutya okunempilo kunye nokutya okunesondlo, ukunqanda ukonzakala okungakumbi kwilungu. Ukongeza, xa ukufakelwa kugunyazisiwe, kubalulekile ukuba umntu aqale ngokuzila okupheleleyo ukuze kwenziwe ukufakelwa.

Emva kokufakelwa, umntu uhlala ehlala esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-14 ukuze alandelwe liqela lezonyango kwaye angakhangela ukuba umzimba uphendula njani kwilungu elitsha, kwaye kuyenzeka ukuthintela iingxaki.

Xa kubonisiwe

Ukufakelwa kwesibindi kungabonakaliswa xa ilungu liye lonakaliswe kakhulu kwaye liyeke ukusebenza, njengoko kunokwenzeka xa kwenzeka i-cirrhosis, i-hepatitis epheleleyo okanye umhlaza kweli lungu, kubantu banoma yiphina iminyaka, kuquka nabantwana.

Kukho isibonakaliso sokufakelwa kwakhona xa amayeza, i-radiotherapy okanye i-chemotherapy ingakwazi ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwayo ngokufanelekileyo. Kule meko, isigulana kufuneka siqhubeke nokwenza unyango olucetywe ngugqirha kwaye senze iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko de kuvele umnikeli wesibindi ohambelanayo, ophakathi kwesisindo esifanelekileyo kwaye ngaphandle kwengxaki zempilo.

Ukufakelwa kungabonakaliswa kwimeko yezifo ezibi okanye ezingapheliyo, ezinamathuba amancinci okuvela kwakhona emva kokufakelwa, njengoku:

• Ukuqina kwesibindi;
• Izifo zeMetabolic;
• Ukubola kwe-cholangitis;
• Biliary iphecana atresia;
• Hepatitis ezingapheliyo;
• Ukungaphumeleli kwesibindi.

Ezinye izifo ezinokuthi zingakulungeli ukufakelwa esinye isifo yi-hepatitis B, kuba intsholongwane ithanda ukuhlala kwisibindi 'esitsha' kwaye ukuba isifo sesifo sibangelwa kukukhotyokiswa butywala, kuba ukuba umntu uyaqhubeka nokusela ilungu elitsha 'ngokugqithileyo zonakaliswe. Ke, ugqirha kufuneka abonise ukuba ukufakelwa kungenziwa okanye kungenakwenziwa ngokusekwe kwisifo sesibindi somntu kunye nempilo yomntu ngokubanzi.

Ungakulungiselela njani ukufakelwa

Ukulungiselela olu hlobo lwenkqubo, kufuneka kugcinwe ukutya okusempilweni, kuthintelwe ukutya okunamafutha neswekile eninzi, kunikwe imifuno, iziqhamo kunye nenyama engenamafutha. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha ngazo naziphi na iimpawu ezikhoyo ukuze aphande kwaye aqalise unyango olufanelekileyo.

Xa ugqirha edibana, ebiza umntu ukuba afakelwe, kubalulekile ukuba umntu aqalise ngokukhawuleza kwaye aye kwisibhedlele esibonisiweyo ngokukhawuleza ukuze kwenziwe inkqubo.

Umntu oza kufumana iqumrhu elinikelweyo kufuneka abeneqabane elikwiminyaka esemthethweni kwaye azise onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko ukuze amkelwe ukuze afumane ilungu. Emva kotyando kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba umntu abe kwi-ICU ubuncinci iintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-14.

Unjani uchacha

Emva kokufakelwa isibindi, umntu uhlala ehlala esibhedlele kangangeeveki ezimbalwa ukuze umzimba ujongane nendlela entsha yokuphendula amalungu omzimba, kwaye kuthintelwe iingxaki ezinokwenzeka.Emva kweli xesha, umntu angaya ekhaya, nangona kunjalo, kufuneka balandele iingcebiso ezithile zonyango ukukhuthaza umgangatho wobomi babo, njengokusebenzisa iziyobisi ezikhuselayo, umzekelo.

Emva kokufakelwa, umntu unokuba nobomi obuqhelekileyo, eyimfuneko ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha, abekwe esweni rhoqo ngothethwano lwezonyango kunye novavanyo kwaye abe neendlela zokuphila ezisempilweni.

1. Esibhedlele

Emva kokufakelwa, umntu makangeniswe esibhedlele kangangesithuba seeveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 ukuze abeke esweni uxinzelelo, inqanaba leswekile yegazi, ukujiya kwegazi, ukusebenza kwezintso kunye nezinye kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba uphilile na kwaye nosulelo lungathintelwa.

Ekuqaleni, umntu kufuneka ahlale e-ICU, nangona kunjalo, ukusukela oko azinzileyo, angaya kwigumbi ukuze aqhubeke nokubekwa esweni. Usesibhedlele, umntu angenza iiseshoni ze-physiotherapy ukuphucula amandla okuphefumla kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki zemoto ezinje ngokuqina kwemisipha kunye nokunciphisa, i-thrombosis kunye nabanye.

2. Ekhaya

Ukusukela oko umntu azinzileyo, akukho zimpawu zokwaliwa kwaye uvavanyo luthathwa njengesiqhelo, ugqirha unokumkhulula umntu lo gama umntu elandela unyango ekhaya.

Unyango ekhaya kufuneka lwenziwe kusetyenziswa amayeza okusikhusela emzimbeni aboniswe ngugqirha kwaye asebenze ngokuthe ngqo kumajoni omzimba, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokwaliwa kwilungu elityalweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yoko kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba nosulelo. Ke, kubalulekile ukuba idosi yonyango yanele ukuze umzimba ukwazi ukusebenza ngokuchasene nezinto ezihlaselayo ngexesha elinye ukwaliwa komzimba kungenzeki.

Amanye amayeza anokusetyenziswa yi-prednisone, cyclosporine, azathioprine, globulins kunye ne-monoclonal antibodies, kodwa idosi iyahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye kuba ixhomekeke kwinani lezinto ekufuneka zivavanywe ngugqirha, njengesifo esikhokelele ukufakelwa, ubudala, ubunzima kunye nezinye izifo ezikhoyo ezinjengeengxaki zentliziyo kunye neswekile.

Ukongeza ekusebenziseni amayeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba umntu abe nemikhwa yokuphila esempilweni, ukunqanda ukusela iziselo ezinxilisayo kunye nokutya okunamafutha, kunye nokwenza umthambo wokukhanya omncinci ekufuneka ucetyisiwe yingcali yemfundo yomzimba.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngamayeza

Ngokusetyenziswa kwe-immunosuppressants, iimpawu ezinje ngokudumba komzimba, ukutyeba, ukwanda kwenwele emzimbeni, ngakumbi ebusweni kwabasetyhini, i-osteoporosis, ukugaya ukutya okungalunganga, ukulahleka kweenwele kunye ne-thrush. Ke, umntu kufuneka aziqwalasele iimpawu ezibonakalayo kwaye athethe nogqirha ukuze abonise into enokwenziwa ukulawula ezi mpawu zingathandekiyo, ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni isikimu sokuzikhusela emzimbeni.