Kufuneka lwenziwe njani unyango lwe-HIV

Umxholo

• Uluqala nini unyango lwe-HIV / AIDS
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziphambili
• Xa ubuyela kugqirha

Unyango losulelo lwe-HIV kusetyenziswa amachiza ee-antiretroviral athintela intsholongwane ukuba ingaziphindisi emzimbeni, inceda ukulwa esi sifo kunye nokomeleza amajoni omzimba, ngaphandle kokungakwazi ukuyiphelisa intsholongwane emzimbeni. La machiza abonelelwa simahla yi-SUS ngaphandle kobungakanani bentsholongwane anayo umntu, kwaye kufanelekile kuphela ukuba ukuqokelelwa kwesiyobisi kwenziwe ngugqirha.

Sele zininzi izifundo zinenjongo yokufumana unyango kunyango losulelo lwe-HIV, kodwa akukabikho ziphumo zingqinayo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukulandela unyango oluchaziweyo ukuze kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa umthamo wentsholongwane kunye nokunyusa umgangatho wobomi bomntu, ukongeza ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wokuba nezifo ezihlala zihambelana noGawulayo, isifo sephepha, inyumoniya kunye ne-cryptosporidiosis , umzekelo.

Uluqala nini unyango lwe-HIV / AIDS

Unyango losulelo lwe-HIV kufuneka luqaliswe kwakamsinya nje ukuba kufunyaniswe isifo, oko kwenziwa ngeemvavanyo ekufuneka zicetyiswe ngugqirha oqhelekileyo, ugqirha osulelayo, ugqirha wezamachiza, kwimeko yamadoda okanye ugqirha wabasetyhini, kwimeko yabasetyhini. Olu vavanyo lunoku-odolwa kunye nolunye uvavanyo lwesiqhelo okanye njengendlela yokujonga ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane emva kokuziphatha okuyingozi, ekwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kwekhondom.Jonga ukuba lwenziwa njani usulelo lwe-HIV.

Unyango lwe-HIV kufuneka luqaliswe kwangoko kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo okanye xa umntu enomthamo wentsholongwane ongaphezulu kwe-100,000 / ml kuvavanyo lwegazi okanye i-CD4 T ye-lymphocyte rate engaphantsi kwama-500 / mm³ egazi. Ke, kunokwenzeka ukulawula inqanaba lokuphindaphindeka kwentsholongwane kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu kunye neengxaki zesifo.

Ukuba unyango lwe-antiretroviral luqalisiwe xa isigulana sikwisigaba esikwinqanaba eliphezulu sesi sifo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho ukudumba okubizwa ngokuba yi-Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (CRS), nangona kunjalo, kwezi meko, unyango kufuneka luqhubeke kwaye ugqirha kuvavanya ukusetyenziswa kwePrednisone kangangeveki okanye ezimbini ukunceda ukulawula ukudumba.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-AIDS lwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamachiza ee-antiretroviral anikezelwa yi-SUS akwaziyo ukuthintela ukuphindaphindeka kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo, kwaye ke, ukuthintela ukubuthathaka komzimba womntu. Ukongeza, xa unyango lwenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, kukho ukuphucuka komgangatho wobomi wesigulana kunye nokwehla kwithuba lokuphuhliswa kwezifo ezinokuthi zihambelane ne-AIDS, ezinjengesifo sephepha, i-cryptosporidiosis, i-aspergillosis, izifo zolusu kunye neengxaki zentliziyo , umzekelo. Zazi ezona zigulo zinxulumene noGawulayo.

I-SUS yenza ukuba uvavanyo lwe-HIV lufumaneke simahla ukuze umthamo wentsholongwane ubekwe esweni amaxesha ngamaxesha, kwaye ke, kunokujongwa ukuba ngaba abaguli baphendula kakuhle na kunyango. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uvavanyo lwe-HIV lwenziwe kathathu ngonyaka, kuba ngale ndlela kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlengahlengiso lonyango, ukuba kukho imfuneko, kuthintelwe iingxaki ezinokubakho.

Amachiza asetyenziswa kunyango lwe-AIDS anokusebenza ngokuthintela ukuvela kwakhona kwentsholongwane, ukungena kwintsholongwane kwiseli yomntu, ukudityaniswa kwezinto zemvelo zentsholongwane kunye nomntu kunye nokuveliswa kweekopi ezintsha zentsholongwane. Ngokwesiqhelo ugqirha ubonakalisa indibaniselwano yamachiza anokuhluka ngokobungakanani bentsholongwane, impilo yomntu ngokubanzi kunye nomsebenzi wobungcali, ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ii-antiretrovirals ngokubanzi ezibonisiweyo zezi:

• ILamivudine;
• Tenofovir;
• Efavirenz;
• Ritonavir;
• INevirapine;
• Enfuvirtide;
• Zidovudine;
• IDarunavir;
• Raltegravir.

Amachiza u-Estavudina kunye ne-Indinavir ayeqhele ukuboniswa ukunyanga i-AIDS, nangona kunjalo urhwebo lwabo lwalurhoxisiwe ngenxa yexabiso elininzi leziphumo ezibi kunye neetyhefu kumzimba. Uninzi lwexesha unyango lwenziwa ubuncinci ngamayeza amathathu, kodwa inokwahluka ngokuhambelana nempilo yomguli ngokubanzi kunye nomthamo wentsholongwane. Ukongeza, unyango ngexesha lokukhulelwa lungahluka, njengoko amanye amayeza enokubangela ukungalunganga kosana. Qonda ukuba lwenziwa njani unyango lwe-AIDS ngexa lokukhulelwa.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziphambili

Ngenxa yobuninzi bamayeza, unyango lwe-AIDS lunokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ezinjengokugabha, ukugabha, ukuqaqanjelwa ngumzimba, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, intloko ebuhlungu, utshintsho kolusu kunye nokulahleka kwamafutha emzimbeni wonke, umzekelo.

Ezi mpawu zixhaphake kakhulu ekuqaleni konyango kwaye zithande ukunyamalala ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kodwa, ngalo lonke ixesha zivela, kufuneka unxibelelane nogqirha, njengoko kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa amandla alo ngokutshintshela iyeza elinye okanye uhlengahlengiso lwedosi yalo.

I-cocktail kufuneka ihlale ithathwa ngedosi elungileyo kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo yonke imihla ukuthintela intsholongwane ukuba yomelele ngakumbi, iququzelela ukubonakala kwezinye izifo. Ukutya kubaluleke kakhulu kunyango lwe-AIDS kuba kuthintela izifo ezinganyangekiyo, komeleza amajoni omzimba kwaye kuyanceda nasekulweni iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lonyango lwe-antiretroviral. Jonga ukuba ungatya ntoni ukunceda ukunyanga uGawulayo.

Xa ubuyela kugqirha

Emva kweveki yokuqala yonyango, isigulana kufuneka sibuyele kwagqirha siyojonga iimpendulo kumayeza, kwaye emva kolu tyelelo, kufuneka sibuyele kwagqirha kanye ngenyanga. Xa esi sifo sizinzile, isiguli kufuneka sibuyele kwagqirha qho kwiinyanga ezi-6, sigqiba kuvavanyo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu okanye unyaka, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yempilo yaso.

Funda ngakumbi nge-AIDS kule vidiyo ilandelayo: