Yintoni ekufuneka ndiyazi malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lweCML? Imibuzo kugqirha wakho

Umxholo

• Yintoni ekufuneka ndiyazi malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lwe-CML?
• Unyango lweTyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)
• Unyango lwebhayoloji
• Unyango ngamayeza
• Ukufakelwa kweseli
• Splenectomy
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na iindlela zokulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
• Ngaba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zihlala emva kokuphela konyango?
• Ndingayifumana phi inkxaso?
• Ukuthatha

Ushwankathelo

Uhambo lwakho lwe-myeloid leukemia engapheliyo (i-CML) inokubandakanya unyango olwahlukeneyo. Nganye kwezi inokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezahlukeneyo okanye iingxaki. Asinguye wonke umntu ophendula ngendlela efanayo kungenelelo, ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho angenza utshintsho kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango.

Inokukunceda ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwangaphambili malunga nomngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Le ncoko inokukunceda ukuba uzilungiselele, ngakumbi ukuba ukhetho lwakho lonyango luyatshintsha.

Inokukubonelela ngesicwangciso sokusebenza. Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokuqalisa ingxoxo nogqirha wakho ukuze ushiye uziva unolwazi.

Yintoni ekufuneka ndiyazi malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lwe-CML?

Isicwangciso sakho sonyango se-CML sinokubandakanya:

• amayeza, afana nalawo asetyenziselwa unyango ekujoliswe kulo okanye i-chemotherapy
• ukufakelwa kweseli yesiqu
• biologic okanye immunotherapy
• utyando

Olunye lolu ngenelelo luza nomngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye iingxaki. Gcina ukhumbula, ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa unyango, baye bagweba isibonelelo sonyango olunokubakho ngaphezulu kobungozi.

Kuya kufuneka usoloko uxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga aziqhelekanga, azilawuleki, okanye zibangela inkxalabo. Uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokunyangwa ngamayeza, ezinye iindlela zonyango, okanye ngokwenza utshintsho kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango.

Ugqirha wakho angakunika ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokuba ungalawula nini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ekhaya kwaye kufuneka ufune unyango nini.

Unyango lweTyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)

Ii-TKI ziluhlobo lonyango ekujoliswe kulo, oko kuthetha ukuba zisetyenziselwa ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza ngaphandle kokubangela ukonakala kwiiseli ezisempilweni. Umzekelo, amayeza angama-TKIs aquka:

• imatinib mesylate (Gleevec)
• idasatinib (Sprycel)
• I-nilotinib (iTasigna)
• bosutinib (Bosulif)
• iponatinib (Iclusig)

Kubantu abaninzi, i-bosutinib kunye ne-ponatinib zisetyenziswa kuphela emva kokuba ezinye iindlela zonyango ze-TKI ziye zazanywa.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela amayeza e-TKI zibandakanya:

• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• ulusu olomileyo okanye olurhawuzayo
• ukudinwa
• iintlungu zemisipha
• intlungu edibeneyo

Iyeza ngalinye le-TKI linokuba neziphumo zalo ezichaphazelekayo. Amava akho aya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ngawaphi amayeza owathathayo kunye nendlela osabela ngayo kuwo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, unyango lwe-TKI lunokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje nge-anemia, usulelo okanye ukopha. Ezi zinqabile. Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya iingxaki zentliziyo, iingxaki zesibindi, iingxaki zemiphunga, okanye ukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni nakwimiphunga.

Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo liya kukubeka esweni ngeempawu zazo naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi. Ukuba ubona utshintsho ngesiquphe ocinga ukuba lunokuba sisiphumo esibi kunyango lwakho, yazisa ugqirha wakho.

Unyango lwebhayoloji

Olu hlobo lonyango lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-immunotherapy. Umzekelo, abanye abantu bafumana unyango olufana ne-interferon alfa yokulawula i-CML. Unokumiselwa ukuba unyuse inani eliphantsi legazi.

Iziphumo ezinokubakho ze-interferon alfa zibandakanya:

• isikhumba esibomvu nesirhawuzelelayo
• Iimpawu zomkhuhlane
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• ukungabikho komdla
• ukudinwa
• Umlomo obuhlungu
• urhudo
• ukulahleka kweenwele
• inyongo

Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba i-interferon alfa ibangele ukungabikho komzimba kwabanye abantu, kodwa oku kunqabile.

Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy isebenza ngokuthintela iintlobo ezithile zeeseli ekukhuleni, kubandakanya iiseli zomhlaza. Unyango lunokubulala iiseli okanye luyekise ukwahlulahlula.

Zininzi iziyobisi zechemotherapy, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zidityaniswa nolunye unyango. Umdibaniso oqhelekileyo wamayeza afunyanwa ngabantu kunyango lwe-CML yi-cytarabine kunye ne-interferon alfa.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zekhosi eqhelekileyo ye-chemotherapy ye-CML ibandakanya:

• Umlomo obuhlungu
• umqala obuhkungu
• ukudinwa
• ukulahleka kweenwele
• urhudo
• ukuqhina
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• iingxaki ngokuzala

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika ulwazi ngakumbi malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango oluthile olufumanayo.

Ukufakelwa kweseli

Ukufakelwa kweseli ye-stem kubuyisela iiseli ezisempilweni emzimbeni.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokufakelwa ezisetyenziselwa i-CML. Abantu abafumana ukufakelwa kweeseli zohlobo lwe-allogeneic bafumana iiseli kumxhasi. Aba bantu basemngciphekweni wemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-graft ngokuchasene nezifo ezibamba (i-GVHD).

I-GVHD yenzeka xa iiseli zomzimba womnikeli zihlasela iiseli zomzimba ezisempilweni. Ngenxa yalo mngcipheko, abantu bafumana amayeza okucinezela amajoni omzimba kusuku olunye okanye ezimbini ngaphambi kokufakwa. Nditsho nasemva kokuthatha amayeza othintelo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba umntu abe namava e-GVHD, kodwa mancinci amathuba.

Splenectomy

Abanye abantu abane-CML banokuthi basuswe. Injongo yolu tyando kukunyusa ukubalwa kweeseli zegazi okanye ukuthintela ukungathandeki ukuba ilungu likhulu kakhulu ngenxa ye-CML.

Ngalo naluphi na utyando, iingxaki zinokwenzeka. Iingxaki ezivela kule nkqubo zingabandakanya:

• usulelo
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• intlungu
• ukunciphisa ukusebenza komzimba

Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo liza kuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa umngcipheko wazo naziphi na iingxaki ezinxulumene notyando. Uninzi lwabantu luyachacha kutyando kwiiveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iindlela zokulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?

Ugqirha wakho unokukunceda ukuba ulawule iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lwe-CML. Ngamanye amaxesha, oko kunokuthetha ukutshintsha kunyango olutsha.

Isenokuthetha ukusebenzisa amayeza ongezelelweyo ukunyanga iimpawu ezithile. Umzekelo, ugqirha wakho unokuncomela ukuba unikwe amayeza okanye iindlela ezingaphezulu kwekhawuntari ukunciphisa isicaphucaphu okanye ukuphilisa irhashalala.

Kukho izinto onokuzenza ekhaya ukuze ulawule iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga:

• Ukuhambisa amanzi kunye nokuzivocavoca okulula kunokunceda ngokudinwa.
• Ukukhusela ulusu lwakho elangeni kunokunceda ekuqubeni.

Ngexesha lonyango lwe-CML, ungathatha amanyathelo ukuze uzive ukhululekile. Gcina unxibelelwano oluvulekileyo nogqirha wakho.

Ngaba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zihlala emva kokuphela konyango?

Ngokwe-Leukemia kunye neLymphoma Society, abanye abantu banokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga emva kokuba unyango lwabo lokuqala luphelile.

Uninzi lwabantu abahlala ne-CML bathatha ii-TKI ubomi babo bonke. Ngokubeka iliso kunyango, abanye abantu bayakwazi ukuthatha idosi encinci. Kubalulekile ukuba ungayilungelelanisi idosi yakho ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha uyayincoma.

Impendulo yakho kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango inokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Unokuba nemiphumo emitsha xa utshintsha amayeza e-TKI. Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela into onokuyilindela ngokusekelwe kumayeza athile owathathayo.

Ndingayifumana phi inkxaso?

Abantu abaninzi abaphila ne-CML bafumana ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kunye nobudlelwane ngokudibana nabanye abaphila nale meko. Kunokuba luncedo kwaye kuthuthuzele ukuthetha nabantu abaye babelana okanye amava afanayo.

Ugqirha wakho okanye ikliniki ekufutshane ingakunceda ufumane amaqela enkxaso asekuhlaleni. Umbutho weleukemia kunye neLymphoma Society ubonelela ngolwazi malunga namaqela enkxaso ngezahluko zawo zalapha. Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza nawo unezinto ezikwi-Intanethi ukuze ufikelele kuzo.

Ukuthatha

Zonke iinketho zonyango ziza nemiphumo emibi, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba uya kuba nazo. Abantu abahlukeneyo baneempendulo ezahlukeneyo kunyango. Ngokusebenzisana nogqirha wakho, unokulawula naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ohlangabezana nazo.