Into ekufuneka uyazi Ngohlobo 1.5 lweSwekile

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Chwetheza 1.5 iimpawu zeswekile
• Uhlobo lwe-1.5 lwesifo seswekile
• Uhlobo lwe-1.5 yesifo seswekile
• Uhlobo lwe-1.5 yonyango lweswekile
• Uhlobo lwe-1.5 yeswekile
• Chwetheza 1.5 uthintelo lweswekile

Ushwankathelo

Uhlobo lwe-1.5 yeswekile, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-latent autoimmune diabetes kubantu abadala (i-LADA), yimeko ekwabelana ngayo ngeempawu zohlobo lwesibini kunye nohlobo lwesibini lweswekile.

I-LADA ifunyaniswa ngexesha lomntu omdala, kwaye ibeka ngokuthe ngcembe, njengohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile. Kodwa ngokungafaniyo nohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, i-LADA sisifo esizimelayo kwaye asibuyiswa notshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo nakwindlela ophila ngayo.

Iiseli zakho ze-beta ziyeke ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza okukhulu ukuba unohlobo lweswekile eyi-1.5 kunokuba unohlobo lwe-2. Kuqikelelwa ukuba kubantu abanesifo seswekile bane-LADA.

Uhlobo lwe-1.5 lweswekile lunokuba ngoku-kwaye luhlala luchongwa gwenxa njengohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile. Ukuba ukwinqanaba lobunzima obunempilo, unokuphila ngendlela esebenzayo, kwaye uye wafumanisa ukuba une-2 yeswekile, kukho ithuba lokuba eyona nto unayo yi-LADA.

Chwetheza 1.5 iimpawu zeswekile

Uhlobo lwe-1.5 lweempawu zeswekile alunakucaca ekuqaleni. Banokubandakanya:

• ukunxanwa rhoqo
• ukwanda komchamo, kubandakanya nasebusuku
• ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga
• ukungaboni kakuhle kunye neentsholongwane

Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, uhlobo lwe-1.5 yeswekile lungakhokelela kwisifo seswekile ketoacidosis, imeko apho umzimba ungenakho ukusebenzisa iswekile njengamafutha ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-insulin kwaye uqalise ukutshisa amanqatha. Oku kuvelisa iiketoni, eziyityhefu emzimbeni.

Uhlobo lwe-1.5 lwesifo seswekile

Ukuqonda ukuba yintoni ebangela uhlobo lwe-1.5 yeswekile, kuyanceda ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwezinye iintlobo eziphambili zeswekile.

Uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile luthathwa njengesixhobo sokuzimela ngenxa yokuba sisiphumo somzimba wakho esitshabalalisa iiseli zepancreatic beta. Ezi seli zezonceda umzimba wakho ukuba wenze i-insulin, ihomoni ekuvumela ukuba ugcine i-glucose (iswekile) emzimbeni wakho. Abantu abanesifo seswekile sokuqala kufuneka batofe i-insulin emizimbeni yabo ukuze baphile.

Uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile lubonakala ikakhulu emzimbeni wakho uxhathisa iziphumo ze-insulin. Ukuxhathisa kwe-insulin kubangelwa yimfuza kunye nokusingqongileyo, njengokutya okuphezulu kwii-carbohydrate, ukungasebenzi, kunye nokutyeba kakhulu. Uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile lunokulawulwa ngongenelelo lwendlela yokuphila kunye nonyango lomlomo, kodwa uninzi lunokufuna i-insulin ukugcina iswekile yegazi iphantsi kolawulo.

Uhlobo lwe-1.5 yeswekile lunokubangelwa ngumonakalo owenziwe kwi-pancreas yakho kwii-antibodies ezichasene neeseli ezivelisa i-insulin. Izinto zemfuza zinokubandakanyeka, ezinje ngembali yosapho yeemeko ezizimeleyo.Xa i-pancreas yonakaliswe kuhlobo lwe-1.5 yeswekile, umzimba utshabalalisa iiseli ze-beta zepancreatic, njengohlobo lwe-1.

Uhlobo lwe-1.5 yesifo seswekile

Uhlobo lwe-1.5 yeswekile lwenzeka ebudaleni, yiyo loo nto ihlala iphosakele kuhlobo lwesibini lweswekile. Uninzi lwabantu abanolu hlobo lwesifo seswekile bangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40, kwaye abanye banokuyiphucula imeko nakwiminyaka yabo yama-70 okanye engama-80.

Inkqubo yokufumana isifo se-LADA ingathatha ixesha. Rhoqo, abantu (kunye noogqirha) banokucinga ukuba bane-2 yeswekile kuba ikhule kamva ebomini.

Uhlobo lwe-2 lonyango lweswekile, njenge-metformin, lunokusebenza ukulawula iimpawu zohlobo lweswekile eyi-1.5 de kube yipancreas iyeke ukwenza i-insulin. Yiloo nto apho abantu abaninzi bafumanisa ukuba bajongana ne-LADA ngalo lonke ixesha. Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuqhubela phambili kokufuna i-insulin kukhawuleza kakhulu kunohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, kwaye impendulo kumayeza okwehlisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi (amayeza e-hypoglycemic yomlomo) ayisihle.

Abantu abanesifo seswekile esingu-1.5 bathambekele ekufezekiseni ezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Abatyebe kakhulu.
• Bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-30 ngexesha lokuxilongwa.
• Abakhange bakwazi ukulawula iimpawu zabo zeswekile ngonyango lomlomo okanye indlela yokuphila kunye notshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo.

Uvavanyo lokuchonga naluphi na uhlobo lwesifo seswekile lubandakanya:

• uvavanyo lokuzila ukutya kweplasma glucose, olwenziwe kwidrowa yegazi eqhutywa emva kokuba uzile ukutya iiyure ezisibhozo
• uvavanyo lokunyamezelana ngeswekile yomlomo, olwenziwe ekutsaleni kwegazi olwenziwe emva kokuba uzile ukutya iiyure ezisibhozo, kwiiyure ezimbini emva kokuba usele isiselo esineswekile eninzi
• uvavanyo lwe-glucose olungahleliwe, olwenziwe kwidrowa yegazi evavanya iswekile yegazi lakho ngaphandle kokujonga ixesha lokugqibela lokutya

Igazi lakho linokuvavanywa kwii-antibodies ezithile ezikhoyo xa uhlobo lwesifo seswekile onalo lubangelwa kukungazenzisi komzimba wakho.

Uhlobo lwe-1.5 yonyango lweswekile

Uhlobo lwe-1.5 lweswekile lubangelwa ngumzimba wakho olungayivelisi ngokwaneleyo i-insulin. Kodwa ukusukela ukuqala kwayo ngokuthe ngcembe, amayeza omlomo aphatha uhlobo lweswekile yesibini anokusebenza, ubuncinci ekuqaleni, ukuyinyanga.

Abantu abanesifo seswekile esingu-1.5 banokuvavanya ukuba inye ye-antibodies yabantu abanesifo seswekile sokuqala abanayo. Njengoko umzimba wakho ucothisa imveliso yawo ye-insulin, uyakufuna i-insulin njengenxalenye yonyango lwakho. Abantu abane-LADA bahlala befuna i-insulin yokufumanisa isifo.

Unyango lwe-insulin yeyona ndlela ikhethwayo yonyango kuhlobo 1.5 lweswekile. Zininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin kunye neerimimens. Umthamo we-insulin oyifunayo unokuhluka mihla le, ke ukubeka iliso kumanqanaba eswekile yakho ngokuvavanya iswekile yegazi rhoqo kubalulekile.

Uhlobo lwe-1.5 yeswekile

Ukulindela ubomi kubantu abane-LADA kuyafana nabantu abanezinye iintlobo zeswekile. Iswekile ephezulu yegazi ngaphezulu kwexesha elizinzileyo inokukhokelela kwisifo seswekile, ezinje ngesifo sezintso, iingxaki zentliziyo, isifo samehlo, kunye neuropathy, ezinokuthi zichaphazele isifo. Kodwa ngolawulo lweswekile yegazi elungileyo, uninzi lwezi ngxaki lunokuthintelwa.

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, abantu ababenohlobo lwe-1 yeswekile babenexesha elifutshane lokuphila. Kodwa unyango oluphuculweyo lweswekile luyatshintsha loo manani. Ngokulawulwa kakuhle kweswekile yegazi, ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuphila linokwenzeka.

Ndiva ngathi ukunyangwa nge-insulin kwasekuqaleni kokuchongwa kunokunceda ukugcina ukusebenza kweseli ye-beta. Ukuba kuyinyani oko, ukufumana uxilongo oluchanekileyo ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngokweengxaki ezinokuthi zichaphazele umbono, isifo se-thyroid sikubantu abane-LADA kunabantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2. Abantu abanesifo seswekile esingalawulwayo kakuhle bathanda ukuphola kancinci kumanxeba kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba basuleleke.

Chwetheza 1.5 uthintelo lweswekile

Okwangoku akukho ndlela yokuthintela uhlobo lwe-1.5 yeswekile. Njengohlobo lwe-1 yeswekile, kukho izinto zofuzo ekudlaleni ekuqhubekeni kwale meko. Kwangoko, ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nolawulo lweempawu zezona ndlela zingcono zokuphepha iingxaki kuhlobo 1.5 lweswekile.