Isitofu sokugonya se-Hepatitis A: ukuthatha kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zesitofu sokugonya
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka
• Ngubani ongafanele asebenzise

Iyeza lokugonya i-hepatitis A liveliswa intsholongwane ingasebenzi kwaye ivuselele amajoni omzimba ukuba avelise izilwa-buhlungu ezichasene ne-hepatitis A virus, elwa nosulelo oluzayo. Ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane ingasebenzi ekubunjweni kwayo, eli chiza alinachaphaza kwaye linokuhanjiswa ebantwaneni, kubantu abadala, kubantu abadala nakwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.

Ukulawulwa kweli chiza kuthathwa njengokuzikhethela yiNkqubo yeSizwe yokuGonya ye-Ofisi yoMphathiswa Wezempilo, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba abantwana ukusukela kwiinyanga ezili-12 ukubheka phambili bathathe idosi yokuqala yokugonya.

IHepatitis A sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis A ekhokelela ekubonakaleni kwesimo esiphakathi kunye nexesha elifutshane elibonakaliswa ziimpawu ezinjengokudinwa, ulusu olutyheli namehlo, umchamo omnyama kunye nomkhuhlane ophantsi. Funda kabanzi malunga nehepatitis A.

Iimpawu zesitofu sokugonya

Isitofu sokugonya i-hepatitis A sicetyiswa ngokubanzi xa kukho ukugqabhuka okanye ukunxibelelana nabantu abane-hepatitis A, kwaye sinokuthathwa kwiinyanga ezili-12 ubudala njengendlela yothintelo.

• Ubuntwana: idosi yokuqala ilawulwa kwiinyanga ezili-12 kwaye eyesibini ineenyanga ezili-18, enokufumaneka kwiiklinikhi zokugonya zabucala. Ukuba umntwana akakhange agonywe iinyanga ezili-12, idosi enye yesitofu inokuthathwa kwiinyanga ezili-15;
• Abantwana, ulutsha kunye nabantu abadala: isitofu sokugonya silawulwa ngeedosi ezimbini ngekhefu leenyanga ezi-6 kwaye siyafumaneka kwiiklinikhi zokugonya zabucala;
• Abadala: isitofu sokugonya sicetyiswa kuphela emva kovavanyo lwe-serological ngugqirha okanye ngexesha lokuqhambuka kwesifo i-hepatitis A, elawulwa ngamanani amabini ngekhefu leenyanga ezi-6 phakathi kwamayeza;
• Ukukhulelwa: Idatha ekusetyenzisweni kwesitofu sokugonya se-hepatitis A kubafazi abakhulelweyo sinqongophele kwaye ke ulawulo xa ukhulelwe alukhuthazwa. Isitofu sokugonya kufuneka sisetyenziswe kuphela kubafazi abakhulelweyo ukuba oko kunyanzelekile, nasemva kovavanyo lukagqirha lomngcipheko kunye nezibonelelo.

Ukongeza kwisitofu sokugonya i-hepatitis A kuphela, kukwakho nesitofu sokudibanisa i-hepatitis A kunye ne-B, eyenye indlela yabantu abangakhange bagonyelwe i-hepatitis A kunye no-B, kwaye banikwa ngeedosi ezimbini kubantu abangaphantsi kwe-16. iminyaka, enethuba leenyanga ezi-6 phakathi kwedosi, nakwidosi ezintathu ebantwini ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-16, idosi yesibini ilawulwa inyanga enye emva kwethamo lokuqala kunye nedosi yesithathu, iinyanga ezi-6 emva kokuqala.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinxulumene nokugonya zinqabile, nangona kunjalo ukusabela kunokwenzeka kwindawo yesicelo, njengentlungu, ukuba bomvu kunye nokudumba, kwaye iimpawu kufuneka zinyamalale emva kosuku olu-1. Ukongeza, iyeza lokugonya i-hepatitis A linokubangela intloko ebuhlungu, isisu esibuhlungu, urhudo, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, iintlungu zemisipha, ukunciphisa ukutya, ukungalali, ukuba nochuku, umkhuhlane, ukudinwa kakhulu kunye nentlungu edibeneyo.

Ngubani ongafanele asebenzise

Eliyeza lokugonya akufuneki ukuba linikezelwe kubantwana abanembali yokungalungelani kakhulu nelinye icandelo lokuthintela okanye emva kolawulo lwangaphambi kokuthintela olunamalungu afanayo.

Ukongeza, ayifanelanga ukuba isetyenziswe kubantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12 okanye kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.

Bukela le vidiyo ilandelayo, incoko phakathi kwengcali yesondlo uTatiana Zanin noGqirha Drauzio Varella, kwaye ucacise ukungathandabuzeki malunga nokusasazeka, ukuthintela kunye nokunyanga i-hepatitis: