Ukungoneli kakuhle

Umxholo

• Yintoni ukungoneliseki kwemithambo-luvo?
• Izinto ezibangela ukungoneli kwemithambo-luvo
• Iimpawu zokungoneliseki kwemithambo-luvo
• Kufunyaniswa njani ukungoneliseki kwemithambo-luvo?
• IVenogram
• I-duplex ultrasound
• Ukuphathwa njani kwe-venous insufficiency
• Ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi
• Amayeza
• Ugqirha
• I-phlebectomy yokuhamba
• Sclerotherapy
• Iinkqubo zeCatheter
• Unokuthintela njani ukungoneliseki kwemithambo-luvo

Yintoni ukungoneliseki kwemithambo-luvo?

Imithambo yakho ihambisa igazi lisuka entliziyweni yakho liye kuwo wonke umzimba wakho. Imithambo yakho ibuyisela igazi entliziyweni, kwaye iivevhe emithanjeni zinqanda igazi ukuba lingabuyi umva.

Xa imithambo yakho inengxaki yokuthumela igazi emalungwini akho libuyele entliziyweni, kuyaziwa njengokwanela kwemithambo. Kule meko, igazi alibuyeli ngokufanelekileyo entliziyweni, lenza ukuba igazi lidibanise kwimithambo emilenzeni yakho.

Izinto ezininzi zinokubangela ukungoneliseki kwemithambo-luvo, nangona ixhaphake kakhulu ngamahlwili egazi (vein thrombosis) kunye nemithambo ye-varicose.

Nokuba unembali yosapho yokungoneliseki yimithambo, kukho amanyathelo alula onokuwathatha ukunciphisa amathuba okuphuhlisa imeko.

Izinto ezibangela ukungoneli kwemithambo-luvo

Ukungoneliseki kwe-venous kuhlala kubangelwa ligazi okanye yimithambo ye-varicose.

Kwimithambo esempilweni, kukho ukuphuma kwegazi okuqhubekayo ukusuka emalungwini ukubuyela entliziyweni. Ivaluva ngaphakathi kwemithambo yemilenze inceda ukuthintela ukuphuma kwegazi.

Ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zokungoneli kwemithambo ziimeko zangaphambili zamahlwili egazi kunye nemithambo ye-varicose.

Xa ukuhamba phambili kwemithambo kuthintelwe -njengemeko yegazi - igazi liyakheka ngaphantsi kwehlwili, nto leyo enokubangela ukungoneliseki kwemithambo.

Kwimithambo ye-varicose, iivevithi zihlala zilahlekile okanye ziphazamisekile, kwaye igazi liyavuza libuyele kwiivevali ezonakalisiweyo.

Kwezinye iimeko, ubuthathaka kwiimisipha zomlenze ezixinzelela phambili igazi nazo zinokubangela ukungabikho komzimba.

Ukungoneliseki kwe-venous kuxhaphake kakhulu kubafazi kunamadoda. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, ngokweKlinikhi yaseCleveland.

Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya:

• amahlwili egazi
• Imithambo yegazi
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukukhulelwa
• ukutshaya
• umhlaza
• ubuthathaka bemisipha, ukwenzakala emlenzeni, okanye ukwenzakala
• ukudumba komthambo ongaphezulu (phlebitis)
• Imbali yosapho yokungoneliseki yimithambo
• ukuhlala okanye ukuma ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuhamba

Iimpawu zokungoneliseki kwemithambo-luvo

Iimpawu zokungoneliseki kwemithambo-luvo zibandakanya:

• ukudumba kwemilenze okanye amaqatha (i-edema)
• iintlungu eziba mandundu xa umile kwaye zibangcono xa uphakamisa imilenze
• iinyanda zomlenze
• Ukuqaqanjelwa, ukubetha, okanye uvakalelo lobunzima kwimilenze yakho
• ukurhawuzelela imilenze
• imilenze ebuthathaka
• ukuqina kolusu kwimilenze yakho okanye emaqatheni
• ulusu olutshintsha umbala, ngakumbi macala onke emaqatheni
• izilonda zomlenze
• Imithambo yegazi
• imvakalelo yokuqina kumathole akho

Kufunyaniswa njani ukungoneliseki kwemithambo-luvo?

Ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye athathe imbali epheleleyo yezonyango ukuze abone ukuba awonelanga.

Banokuyalela ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lokucinga ngokuchonga oyena nobangela wengxaki. Ezi mvavanyo zinokubandakanya i-venogram okanye i-duplex ultrasound.

IVenogram

Ngexesha le-venogram, ugqirha wakho uya kufaka idayi (IV) yedayi eyahlukileyo kwimithambo yakho.

Idayi yokungafaniyo ibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi ivele ngokungafaniyo kumfanekiso weX-ray, onceda ugqirha ukuba ababone emfanekisweni. Le dayi iya kunika ugqirha wakho umfanekiso ocacileyo we-X-ray yemithambo yakho yegazi.

I-duplex ultrasound

Uhlobo lovavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-duplex ultrasound lunokusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya isantya kunye nolwalathiso lokuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo.

Ingcali iya kubeka ijeli kulusu ize icinezele isixhobo esincinci esiphathwa ngesandla (i-transducer) kule ndawo. Umtshintshi usebenzisa amaza esandi abuyela emva kwikhompyuter kwaye avelise imifanekiso yokuhamba kwegazi.

Ukuphathwa njani kwe-venous insufficiency

Unyango luya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya nesizathu sale meko kunye nenqanaba lakho lempilo kunye nembali. Eminye imiba ugqirha wakho aya kuyithatha yile:

• iimpawu zakho ezithile
• iminyaka yakho
• ubuzaza bemeko yakho
• unokunyamezela njani amayeza okanye iinkqubo

Olona nyango luxhaphakileyo lokungoneliseki kwemithambo yimithambo yoxinzelelo lweyeza. Ezi zitokhwe zikhethekileyo ze-elastic zisebenzisa uxinzelelo emaqatheni nasemlenzeni osezantsi. Banceda ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye banokunciphisa ukudumba kwemilenze.

Ukucinezelwa kweestokhwe kuza kuluhlu lwamandla amiselweyo kunye nobude obahlukeneyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunceda uthathe isigqibo sokuba loluphi olona hlobo lubalaseleyo lokugcina uxinzelelo kunyango lwakho.

Unyango lokungabikho kwemithambo-luvo inokubandakanya iindlela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:

Ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi

Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi:

• Gcina imilenze yakho iphakanyisiwe xa kunokwenzeka.
• Gqoka iisokisi zokucinezela ukufaka uxinzelelo kwimilenze yakho esezantsi.
• Gcina imilenze yakho inganqunyulwanga xa uhleli phantsi.
• Zilolonge rhoqo.

Amayeza

Kukho inani lamayeza anokunceda abo banayo le meko. Oku kubandakanya:

• i-diuretics: amayeza athatha ulwelo olongezelelekileyo emzimbeni wakho emva koko aphuma kwizintso zakho
• i-anticoagulants: amayeza anciphisa igazi
• pentoxifylline (Trental): iyeza elinceda ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi

Ugqirha

Ngamanye amaxesha iimeko ezinobuzaza zokungoneliseki kwemithambo-luvo zifuna utyando. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa enye yezi ntlobo zotyando zilandelayo:

• Ukulungiswa kotyando lwemithambo okanye kwezivalo
• Ukususa (ukuhluba) umthambo owonakeleyo
• Utyando lwe-endoscopic olungena kancinci: Ugqirha ufaka ityhubhu ebhityileyo enekhamera ukunceda ukubona nokubopha imithambo ye-varicose.
• Ukudlula emthanjeni: Umthambo osempilweni uthunyelwa kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho. Ngokubanzi isetyenziswa kuphela ethangeni eliphezulu kwaye kuphela njengendlela yokugqibela yamatyala amabi kakhulu.
• Utyando lwe-Laser: Unyango olutsha olusebenzisa ii-lasers ukuba luphele okanye luvale umthambo owonakeleyo ngokukhanya okuqinileyo kwindawo encinci, ethe ngqo.

I-phlebectomy yokuhamba

Le nkqubo yezigulana ezingalaliswayo (awuzukuchitha ubusuku esibhedlele) ibandakanya ugqirha wakho endikolisa amabala athile emlenzeni wakho, emva koko wenze izinto zokubamba ezincinci kunye nokususa imithambo encinci ye-varicose.

Sclerotherapy

Le ndlela yonyango igcinelwe ukungabikho ngokwaneleyo kwemithambo.

Kwi-sclerotherapy, imichiza itofelwe kumthambo owonakeleyo ukuze ingabi nakho ukuphatha igazi. Igazi liya kubuyela entliziyweni ngokusebenzisa eminye imithambo, kwaye umthambo owonakeleyo uya kuthi ekugqibeleni ungene kumzimba.

I-Sclerotherapy isetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa imithambo encinci ukuya kwinqanaba. Ikhemikhali itofwa kumthambo owonakeleyo ukuze ingabi nakho ukuphatha igazi.

Iinkqubo zeCatheter

Kwiimeko ezinzima, ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-catheter kwimithambo emikhulu. Baza kufaka i-catheter (ityhubhu ebhityileyo) emthanjeni, bafudumeze isiphelo sayo, emva koko bayisuse. Ubushushu buza kwenza ukuba umthambo uvalwe kwaye uvalwe njengoko i-catheter ikhutshwa.

Unokuthintela njani ukungoneliseki kwemithambo-luvo

Ukuba unembali yosapho yokungoneliseki yimithambo, ungathatha amanyathelo okunciphisa amathuba okuphuhlisa imeko:

• Ungahlali okanye ume endaweni enye ixesha elide. Vuka uhambe rhoqo.
• Musa ukutshaya, kwaye ukuba uyatshaya, yeka.
• Yenza umthambo rhoqo.
• Gcina ubunzima bomzimba obusempilweni.