Ubume beNkqubo yeVenous

Umxholo

• Yintoni inkqubo ye-venous?
• Ubume bemithambo
• Iindidi zemithambo
• Imithambo pulmonary kunye nenkqubo
• Imithambo enzulu kunye nemithambo engaphezulu
• Umzobo wenkqubo yeVenous
• Zeziphi iimeko ezichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo?
• Ziintoni iimpawu zesifo semithambo?
• Iingcebiso zemithambo esempilweni

Yintoni inkqubo ye-venous?

Iimvumba ziluhlobo lomthambo wegazi obuyisa igazi elingena-oxygen kumalungu akho abuyele entliziyweni yakho. Oku kwahlukile kwimithambo yakho, ehambisa igazi elinomoya-mpilo entliziyweni yakho kuwo wonke umzimba wakho.

Igazi elingena-oxygen elingena kwimithambo yakho liqokelelwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi encinci ebizwa ngokuba zii-capillaries. IiCapillaries zezona zincinci zegazi emzimbeni wakho. Ioksijini idlula kwiindonga zee-capillaries zakho kwizicwili zakho. Ikharbhon diokside nayo inokungena kwii-capillaries zakho kwizicwili ngaphambi kokungena kwimithambo yakho.

Inkqubo ye-venous ibhekisa kuthungelwano lweemithambo ezisebenza ukuhambisa igazi elingasasebenziyo libuyele entliziyweni yakho.

Ubume bemithambo

Iindonga zemithambo yakho zenziwe ngamanqanaba amathathu ahlukeneyo:

• I-Tunica ngaphandle. Lo ngumaleko ongaphandle wodonga lwemithambo, kwaye ikwangowona utyebileyo. Ininzi yenziwe ngamathambo adibeneyo. I-tunica externa ikwanayo nemithambo yegazi encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-vasa vasorum ebonelela ngegazi kwiindonga zemithambo yakho.
• Imithombo yeendaba zeTunica. Imithombo yeendaba ye-tunica ngumaleko ophakathi. Yincinci kwaye iqulethe inani elikhulu le-collagen. I-Collagen yenye yezona zinto ziphambili kwizicubu ezinxibelelanayo.
• I-Tunica intima. Olu luhlu olungaphakathi. Ngumaleko omnye weeseli ze-endothelium kunye nezinye izihlunu ezinxibelelanayo. Olu luhlu maxa wambi luneevaluva zendlela enye, ngakumbi kwimithambo yeengalo nemilenze yakho. Ezi zivalo zithintela igazi ukuba lingabuyi umva.

Iindidi zemithambo

Iimvumba zihlala zihlelwa ngokweendawo zazo kunye naziphi na izinto ezizodwa okanye imisebenzi.

Imithambo pulmonary kunye nenkqubo

Umzimba wakho ujikeleza igazi kwiindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ezibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yesekethe kunye nesekethe yemiphunga. Imithambo isekwe kwisekethe efumaneka kuyo:

• Imithambo yegazi. Isiphaluka se-pulmonary sithwala igazi elingenayo i-deoxygenated entliziyweni yakho ukuya kwimiphunga yakho. Nje ukuba imiphunga yakho ioksijini yenze igazi, isekethe yemiphunga iyibuyisela entliziyweni yakho. Kukho imithambo emine yemiphunga. Bahlukile kuba baphatha igazi elinomoya-mpilo. Yonke eminye imithambo ithwala kuphela igazi elingenayo i-oxygen.
• Imithambo yenkqubo. Inkqubo yesekethe ithwala igazi elingenayo i-oxygen emzimbeni wonke ukubuyela entliziyweni yakho, apho ingena khona kwi-pulmonary circuit for oxygen. Uninzi lwemithambo yimithambo yenkqubo.

Imithambo enzulu kunye nemithambo engaphezulu

Imithambo yenkqubo iphinda ihlelwe njengale:

• Imithambo enzulu. Ezi zifumaneka kwimisipha okanye emathanjeni. I-tunica intima yomthambo onzulu ihlala ine-valve yendlela enye yokuthintela igazi ukuba lingabuyi umva. Izihlunu ezikufutshane zikwanyanzela umthambo onzulu ukugcina igazi liqhubela phambili.
• Imithambo engaphezulu. Ezi zibekwe kumaleko amanqatha phantsi kolusu lwakho. I-tunica intima yomthambo ongaphezulu nayo inokuba ne-valve yendlela enye. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwesihlunu esikufuphi sokucinezelwa, bathambekele ekuhambiseni igazi ngokuthe chu kunemithambo enzulu.
• Ukudibanisa imithambo. Igazi eliphuma kwimithambo engaphezulu lidla ngokubhekiswa kwimithambo enzulu ngemithambo emifutshane ebizwa ngokuba yimithambo yokudibanisa. Izivalo kule mithambo zivumela igazi ukuba liphume kwimithambo engaphezulu ukuya kwimithambo yakho enzulu, kodwa hayi ngenye indlela.

Umzobo wenkqubo yeVenous

Sebenzisa lo mzobo unxibelelanayo we-3-D ukuphonononga inkqubo ye-venous.

Zeziphi iimeko ezichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo?

Iimeko ezininzi zinokuchaphazela inkqubo yakho yemithambo. Ezinye zezona ziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• I-vein thrombosis enzulu (DVT). Iifom yegazi kwi-vein enzulu, ihlala isemlenzeni wakho. Eli qhekeza linokuhamba liye kwimiphunga yakho, libangele ukubola kwemiphunga.
• I-thrombophlebitis engaphezulu. Umthambo ovuthayo ongaphezulu, odla ngokuba semlenzeni wakho, uba negazi. Ngelixa i-clot ingahamba ngamanye amaxesha iye kwi-vein enzulu, ibangele i-DVT, i-thrombophlebitis ihlala iphantsi kakhulu kune-DVT.
• Iimvumba ze-Varicose. Imithambo engaphezulu kufutshane nomphezulu wolusu ibonakala idumbile. Oku kwenzeka xa iivevhe zendlela enye ziqhekeka okanye iindonga zemithambo zenziwe buthathaka, zivumela igazi ukuba libuyele umva.
• Ukungabikho komzimba okungapheliyo. Igazi liqokelela kwimithambo engaphezulu kunye neyona nzulu yemilenze yakho ngenxa yokusebenza gwenxa kwezivalo zendlela enye. Ngelixa ifana nemithambo ye-varicose, ukungabikho komzimba okungapheliyo kubangela iimpawu ezininzi, kubandakanya ukuthungwa kolusu kunye nezilonda kwezinye iimeko.

Ziintoni iimpawu zesifo semithambo?

Ngelixa iimpawu zesimo se-venous zingahluka ngokubanzi, ezinye eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• ukudumba okanye ukudumba
• ukuthamba okanye iintlungu
• Imithambo evakala ifudumele xa uyichukumisa
• ukutsha okanye ukurhawuzelela

Ezi mpawu zixhaphake kakhulu kwimilenze yakho. Ukuba uqaphela nayiphi na kwezi kwaye ayiphuculanga emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, yenza idinga nogqirha wakho.

Bangakwazi ukwenza i-venography. Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wakho utofa ngokungafaniyo kwimithambo yakho ukuvelisa umfanekiso we-X-ray yendawo ethile.

Iingcebiso zemithambo esempilweni

Landela ezi ngcebiso ukugcina iindonga zakho zemithambo kunye nezivalo zomelele kwaye zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo:

• Yenza umthambo rhoqo ukugcina igazi lihamba kwimithambo yakho.
• Zama ukugcina ubunzima obunempilo, okunciphisa umngcipheko wexinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokuyenza buthathaka imithambo yakho ixesha elongezelelekileyo ngenxa yoxinzelelo olongeziweyo.
• Gwema ixesha elide lokuma okanye ukuhlala. Zama ukutshintsha izikhundla rhoqo imini yonke.
• Xa uhleli phantsi, thintela ukuwela imilenze yakho ixesha elide okanye utshintshe indawo ukuze umlenze omnye ungabikho ngaphezulu ixesha elide.
• Xa uhamba ngenqwelo moya, sela amanzi amaninzi kwaye uzame ukuphakama uzolule kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Nokuba uhleli, unokutshintsha amaqatha akho ukukhuthaza ukuhamba kwegazi.