Intsholongwane yeNipah: yintoni, iimpawu, uthintelo kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Uthintelo losulelo lweNipah

Intsholongwane yeNipah yintsholongwane eyeyosaphoIparamyxoviridae kwaye inoxanduva lwesifo sikaNipah, esinokusasazwa ngokudibana ngqo namanzi okanye ilindle elivela kumalulwane okanye losulelwe yile ntsholongwane, okanye ngomntu nomntu.

Esi sifo sachongwa okokuqala ngo-1999 eMalaysia, nangona kunjalo siye safunyanwa nakwamanye amazwe anjengeSingapore, i-Indiya kunye ne-Bangladesh, kwaye sikhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane ezinokuthi ziqhubeke ngokukhawuleza kwaye zikhokelele kwiingxaki ezinzulu zemithambo-luvo ubomi bomntu kunye nomngcipheko.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukosuleleka yintsholongwane yeNipah kungangqinwa okanye kukhokelele ekuqalekeni kweempawu ezinobulali ezinokuthi zifane nomkhuhlane kwaye zinokuphela emva kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-14.

Kwimeko yosulelo apho kuvela khona iimpawu, zibonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-21 emva kokudibana nale ntsholongwane, eyona iphambili yile;

• Ubuhlungu bemisipha;
• I-Encephalitis, kukudumba kwengqondo;
• Ukuphazamiseka;
• Isicaphucaphu;
• Ifiva;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Ukuncipha kwemisebenzi yengqondo, enokuqhubela phambili ukuya kwi-coma kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48.

Iimpawu zosulelo lwentsholongwane ye-Nipah zinokuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza, zikhokelele kubunzima obunokubeka ubomi bomntu emngciphekweni, njengokuxhuzula, ukuphazamiseka kubuntu, ukusilela ekuphefumuleni okanye i-encephalitis ebulalayo, eyenzeka njengesiphumo sokudumba okungapheliyo kwengqondo kunye nokwenzakala yintsholongwane. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-encephalitis.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuchongwa kosulelo yintsholongwane yeNipah kufuneka kwenziwe ngugqirha osulelekileyo okanye ugqirha jikelele kuvavanyo lokuqala lweempawu kunye neempawu ezivezwe ngumntu. Ke, kunokuboniswa ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lokwahlulahlula intsholongwane kunye ne-serology ukuqinisekisa usulelo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, luqale olona nyango lufanelekileyo.

Ukongeza, ugqirha unokucebisa ngokwenza iimvavanyo zokucinga ukuvavanya ubungqongqo besifo, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe ikhompyuter yecomputer okanye itomography ebalwayo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho lunyango luthileyo lokusulelwa yintsholongwane yeNipah, nangona kunjalo ugqirha angabonisa amanyathelo axhasayo ngokobunzima besifo, kwaye ukuphumla, ukufakelwa amanzi, ukungena komoya okanye unyango lweempawu kungabonakaliswa.

Olunye uphononongo lwe-vitro luyenziwa nge-antiviral ribavirin, ke akukho bungqina bokuba inokuba nomsebenzi wokulwa esi sifo ebantwini. Izifundo ezenziwa kunye neentsholongwane ze-monoclonal kwizilwanyana nazo ziyaqhutywa, kodwa azikabikho iziphumo eziqinisekileyo. Ukongeza, akukho sitofu sokuthintela usulelo, ke ukuthintela isifo kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuthintelwe indawo ezingapheliyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana ezinokosuleleka kuloo mimandla.

Njengokuba iyintsholongwane evelayo, inamandla okuba sisifo, intsholongwane yeNipah ikuluhlu oluphambili lweWorld Health Organisation lokuchonga amayeza anokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga esi sifo kunye nokuphuhlisa izitofu zokuthintela.

Uthintelo losulelo lweNipah

Njengokuba lungekho unyango olusebenzayo ngokuchasene nentsholongwane ye-Nipah kunye nokugonya okunokusetyenziswa njengendlela yothintelo, kubalulekile ukuba kuthathwe amanyathelo athile ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo kunye nokusasazeka kwesi sifo, njenge:

• Kulumkele ukunxibelelana nezilwanyana ezinokuba nosulelo, ngakumbi amalulwane neehagu;
• Kulumkele ukutya izilwanyana ezinesifo, ngakumbi xa zingaphekwanga kakuhle;
• Kulumkele ukunxibelelana nolwelo kunye nolindle olusuka kwizilwanyana kunye / okanye kubantu abosuleleke yintsholongwane yeNipah;
• Ucoceko lwezandla emva kokudibana nezilwanyana;
• Ukusetyenziswa kweemaski kunye / okanye iiglavu xa unxibelelana nomntu osuleleke yintsholongwane yeNipah.

Ukongeza, ukuhlanjwa kwezandla ngesepha kunye namanzi kubalulekile, njengoko kunokwenzeka ukukhuthaza ukupheliswa kweearhente ezosulelayo ezinokubakho esandleni, kubandakanya intsholongwane yeNipah kwaye, ke, ukuthintela ukuhanjiswa kwesifo.

Jonga le vidiyo ilandelayo ngendlela yokuhlamba izandla ngokufanelekileyo ukukhusela izifo ezosulelayo: