Iimpawu kunye neMpawu zeVitamin A.

Umxholo

• 1. Ulusu olomileyo
• 2. Amehlo omileyo
• 3. Ubumfama bobusuku
• 4. Ukungachumi kunye nengxaki yokuKhawulwa
• 5. Ukukhula okulibazisekileyo
• 6. Umqala kunye nosulelo lwesifuba
• 7. UkuPhiliswa Kwenxeba Elingentle
• 8. Amabala kunye nokuQhawuka
• Iingozi zeVitamin A eninzi kakhulu
• Umgca osezantsi

I-Vitamin A yivitamin enyibilikayo enamafutha ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi emininzi yomzimba, kubandakanya umbono ofanelekileyo, amajoni omzimba omeleleyo, ukuzala kunye nempilo elungileyo yesikhumba.

Zimbini iintlobo zevithamini A ezifumaneka kukutya: ivithamin A esele yenziwe ngaphambili kunye nepritamin A (1).

I-vitamin A eyenziwe ngaphambili yaziwa ngokuba yi-retinol kwaye ifunyanwa kwinyama, kwiintlanzi, kumaqanda nakwimveliso yobisi.

Kwelinye icala, umzimba uguqula iicarotenoids kukutya kwezityalo, ezinje ngeziqhamo zibomvu, luhlaza, tyheli kunye neorenji kunye nemifuno, zibe yivitamin A ().

Ngelixa ukunqongophala kunqabile kumazwe aphuhlileyo, abantu abaninzi kumazwe asaphuhlayo abafumani vithamini A. yaneleyo.

Abo basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokusilela ngabafazi abakhulelweyo, oomama abancancisayo, iintsana nabantwana. ICystic fibrosis kunye norhudo olunganyangekiyo lunokunyusa umngcipheko wokunqongophala.

Nazi iimpawu ezi-8 kunye neempawu zokunqongophala kukavithamini A.

1. Ulusu olomileyo

Vitamin A kubalulekile ekudalweni nasekulungisweni kweeseli zolusu. Kuyanceda ukulwa nokudumba ngenxa yemicimbi ethile yolusu ().

Ukungafumani vithamini A eyoneleyo kunokuba sisityholo kuphuhliso lwe-eczema kunye nezinye iingxaki zolusu ().

I-eczema yimeko ebangela isikhumba esomileyo, esirhawuzelelayo nesitshisayo. Izifundo ezininzi zeklinikhi zibonise i-alitretinoin, iyeza elinegqirha elinomsebenzi we-vitamin A, ukuze isebenze ekunyangeni i-eczema (, 5,).

Kwisifundo esinye seeveki ezili-12, abantu abane-eczema enganyangekiyo abathathe i-10-40 mg ye-alitretinoin ngemini bafumana ukuya kwi-53% yokunciphisa kwiimpawu zabo ().

Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ulusu olomileyo lunezizathu ezininzi, kodwa ukusilela okungapheliyo kwe-vitamin A inokuba sisizathu.

I-Vitamin A idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulungiseni ulusu kwaye iyanceda ukulwa nokudumba. Ukusilela kwesi sondlo kungakhokelela kwiimeko zolusu ezikruthayo.

2. Amehlo omileyo

Iingxaki zamehlo zezinye zezinto eziyaziwayo kakhulu ezinxulumene nokusilela kweevithamini A.

Kwiimeko ezigabadeleyo, ukungafumani vithamin A yaneleyo kungakhokelela ekugqibeni okungapheliyo okanye ekufeni kwee-corneas, ezibonakaliswa ngamanqaku abizwa ngamabala eBitot (,).

Amehlo owomileyo, okanye ukungakwazi ukuvelisa iinyembezi, yenye yeempawu zokuqala zokunqongophala kukavithamini A.

Abantwana abancinci eIndiya, eAfrika nase Mzantsi mpuma Asia abanesidlo esingenayo ivithamin A basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphuhliswa kwamehlo ().

Ukongezwa kwe-vitamin A kunokuphucula le meko.

Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba iidosi eziphezulu zevithamini A zinciphise ukwanda kwamehlo owomileyo ngama-63% phakathi kweentsana nabantwana abathathe izongezo iinyanga ezili-16 ().

Ukusilela kweVitamin A kungakhokelela kwamehlo owomileyo, ubumfama okanye ii-corneas ezifayo, ezaziwa njengeendawo zeBitot. Olunye lweempawu zokuqala zokusilela kuhlala kukungakwazi ukuvelisa iinyembezi.

3. Ubumfama bobusuku

Ukusilela kakhulu kweevithamini A kunokukhokelela kubumfama ebusuku ().

Izifundo ezininzi zokujonga zixele ukwanda kobumfama ebusuku kumazwe asaphuhlayo (,,,).

Ngenxa yobungakanani bale ngxaki, iingcali zezempilo zisebenze ukuphucula amanqanaba e-vitamin A kubantu abasemngciphekweni wobumfama ebusuku.

Kwisifundo esinye, abafazi abangaboniyo ebusuku banikwa ivithamini A ngohlobo lokutya okanye izongezo. Zombini ezi ntlobo zevithamini A ziyiphucule imeko. Ukukwazi kwabasetyhini ukuziqhelanisa nobumnyama kunyuke ngaphezulu kwe-50% ngaphezulu kweeveki ezintandathu zonyango ().

Ukufumana inani elaneleyo levithamini A kubalulekile kwimpilo yamehlo. Ezinye zeempawu zokuqala zokunqongophala kukavithamini A ngamehlo owomileyo kunye nobumfama ebusuku.

4. Ukungachumi kunye nengxaki yokuKhawulwa

I-Vitamin A iyimfuneko ekuveliseni kwakhona kokubini amadoda nabasetyhini, kunye nokukhula okufanelekileyo kwiintsana.

Ukuba unengxaki yokukhulelwa, ukungabikho kwevithamini A inokuba sesinye sezizathu zokuba kutheni. Ukunqongophala kukaVitamin A kungakhokelela kukungachumi emadodeni nakwabasetyhini.

Izifundo zibonisa ukuba iigundane zabasetyhini ezinesiphene sevithamini A zinobunzima bokukhulelwa kwaye zinokuba nemibungu eneziphene zokuzalwa (17).

Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba amadoda angazaliyo anokuba nesidingo esikhulu se-antioxidants ngenxa yamanqanaba aphezulu oxinzelelo lwe-oxidative kwimizimba yabo. I-Vitamin A yenye yezakha mzimba esebenza njenge-antioxidant emzimbeni ().

Ukusilela kweVitamin A kukwanxulumene nokulahleka kwesisu.

Uphononongo olucazulule amanqanaba egazi ezondlo ezahlukileyo kubafazi abanokuphazamiseka kwesisu okuphindaphindayo bafumanisa ukuba banamazinga aphantsi evithamini A ().

Omabini amadoda nabasetyhini abangafumani vithamin A yaneleyo banokuba nemicimbi yokuzala. I-vitamin A ephantsi kubazali inokukhokelela ekuphuphumeni komzimba okanye kwiziphene zokuzalwa.

5. Ukukhula okulibazisekileyo

Abantwana abangafumani vithamini A yaneleyo banokuba namava okukhula okumileyo. Kungenxa yokuba ivithamin A iyimfuneko kuphuhliso olufanelekileyo lomzimba womntu.

Izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukuba isongezelelo sevithamini A, sisodwa okanye nezinye izondlo, sinokuphucula ukukhula. Uninzi lwezi zifundo lwenziwa kubantwana kumazwe asaphuhlayo (,,,).

Ngapha koko, uphononongo kubantwana abangaphezu kwe-1 000 e-Indonesia bafumanisa ukuba abo banesiphene se-vitamin A abathathe idiposithi yedosi ephezulu ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezine bakhule nge-intshi eyi-0.15 (0.39 cm) ngaphezulu kwabantwana abathathe i-placebo ().

Nangona kunjalo, uphononongo lwezifundo lufumanise ukuba ukuxhasa ivithamin A ngokudibeneyo nezinye izakhamzimba kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu ekukhuleni kunokuxhasa ivithamin A kuphela ().

Umzekelo, abantwana abanokukhula okumileyo eMzantsi Afrika abafumene iivithamini kunye neeminerals ezininzi banamanqaku obude obudala obabungathi sisiqingatha senqaku ngcono kunabo bafumana uvithamini A () kuphela.

Ukunqongophala kukaVitamin A kunokubangela ukukhula okuxineneyo ebantwaneni. Ukongezwa kunye ne-vitamin A ngokudibeneyo nezinye izondlo kunokuphucula ukukhula ngaphezu kokuncedisa nge-vitamin A kuphela.

6. Umqala kunye nosulelo lwesifuba

Ukusuleleka rhoqo, ngakumbi emqaleni okanye esifubeni, kunokuba luphawu lokunqongophala kukavithamini A.

Izongezo zeVitamin A zinokunceda kusulelo lokuphefumla, kodwa iziphumo zophando zixubekile.

Uphononongo lwabantwana e-Ecuador lubonise ukuba abantwana abaphantsi kwesisindo abathathe i-10,000 IU ye-vitamin A ngeveki banezifo ezimbalwa zokuphefumla kunabo bafumana i-placebo ().

Kwelinye icala, uphononongo lwezifundo ebantwaneni lufumanise ukuba izongezo ze vithamin A zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nosulelo lomqala nesifuba nge-8% ().

Ababhali bacebise ukuba izongezo kufuneka zinikwe kuphela abo banesiphene sokwenene ().

Ngapha koko, ngokutsho kolunye uphando kubantu abadala, amanqanaba aphezulu egazi e-provitamin A carotenoid beta-carotene inokukhusela kwizifo zokuphefumla ().

Izongezo zikaVitamin A zinokukhusela abantwana abaphantsi komzimba kwizifo kodwa zonyuse umngcipheko wosulelo kwamanye amaqela. Abantu abadala abanamanqanaba aphezulu egazi ngevithamini A banokufumana usulelo lomqala kunye nesifuba.

7. UkuPhiliswa Kwenxeba Elingentle

Amanxeba angaphilisi kakuhle emva kokonzakala okanye uqhaqho anokunxulunyaniswa namanqanaba asezantsi e-vitamin A.

Kungenxa yokuba ivithamini A ikhuthaza ukwenziwa kwe-collagen, icandelo elibalulekileyo lolusu olusempilweni. Uphando lubonisa ukuba zombini i-vitamin A yomlomo kunye neengqungquthela zomeleza ulusu.

Isifundo kwiigundane sifumanise ukuba i-vitamin yomlomo iphucule imveliso ye-collagen. IVithamini ibinesi siphumo nangona iigundane bezithatha ii-steroids, ezinokuthintela ukuphola kwenxeba ().

Uphando olongezelelekileyo kwiigundane lufumanise ukuba ukunyanga ulusu ngevithamini A yezihloko kubonakale kuthintela amanxeba ahambelana neswekile ().

Uphando ebantwini lubonisa iziphumo ezifanayo. Amadoda amadala anyanga amanxeba ngevithamini A engundaba-mlonyeni ancitshiswe ngama-50% kubungakanani bamanxeba awo, xa kuthelekiswa namadoda angakhange asebenzise cream ().

Iifom zomlomo kunye neengxoxo zevithamini A zinokukhuthaza ukuphiliswa kwamanxeba, ngakumbi kubantu abaqhelene nenxeba.

8. Amabala kunye nokuQhawuka

Kuba ivithamin A ikhuthaza ukukhula kolusu kwaye ilwa nokudumba, inokunceda ekuthinteleni okanye ekunyangeni amabala.

Izifundo ezininzi ziye zadibanisa amanqanaba asezantsi e-vitamin A kubukho bamabala (,).

Kwisifundo esinye kubantu abadala abangama-200, amanqanaba e-vitamin A kwabo bane-acne ayengaphezulu kwama-80 mcg asezantsi kunalawo angenayo imeko ().

Ingqungquthela kunye nomlomo we-vitamin A inokunyanga i-acne. Uphando lubonisa ukuba iikhrimu eziqukethe ivithamin A zinokunciphisa inani lezilonda ngama-50% ().

Olona hlobo lwaziwayo lomlomo wevithamini A osetyenziselwa ukunyanga amabala yi-isotretinoin, okanye iAccutane. Eli yeza linokusebenza ngokunyanga amabala kodwa linokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi, kubandakanya notshintsho lwemood kunye neziphene zokuzalwa ().

Amabala adityaniswa namanqanaba asezantsi e-vitamin A. Zombini iindlela zomlomo kunye nezingumxholo wevithamini A zihlala zisebenza kunyango lwe-acne kodwa zinokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iingozi zeVitamin A eninzi kakhulu

Vitamin A ibalulekile kwimpilo iyonke. Nangona kunjalo, ubuninzi bayo bunokuba yingozi.

I-Hypervitaminosis A, okanye ivithamini A yityhefu, isiphumo sokuthatha izongezo zedosi ephezulu ixesha elide. Abantu kunqabile ukuba bafumane i-vitamin A eninzi kakhulu ekudleni kuphela (34).

Ukufumana ivithamin A engaphezulu kugcinwa esibindini kwaye kungakhokelela kwityhefu kunye neempawu ezinengxaki, ezinje ngokutshintsha kombono, ukudumba kwamathambo, ulusu olomileyo nolurhabaxa, izilonda zomlomo kunye nokudideka.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka balumke ngakumbi ukuba bangasebenzisi kakhulu ivithamin A ukunqanda ukusilela kokuzalwa.

Ngalo lonke ixesha jonga umboneleli wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuqala izongezo ze vithamin A.

Abantu abaneemeko ezithile zempilo banokufuna isixa esiphezulu sevithamini A. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantu abadala abasempilweni badinga i-700-900 mcg ngosuku. Abasetyhini abongayo bafuna ngaphezulu, ngelixa abantwana befuna okungaphantsi (1).

I-Vitamin A inetyhefu ihlala ibangelwa kukuthatha ivithamini eninzi kwifom yokongeza. Ingabangela imiba enzulu, kubandakanya ukutshintsha umbono, izilonda zomlomo, ukudideka kunye neziphene zokuzalwa.

Umgca osezantsi

Ukusilela kweVitamin A kuxhaphakile kumazwe asaphuhlayo kodwa kunqabile eMelika nakwamanye amazwe aphuhlileyo.

Uvithamini A omncinci kakhulu unokubangela isikhumba esidlamkileyo, ubumfama ebusuku, ukungachumi, ukukhula okubambezelayo kunye nosulelo lokuphefumla.

Abantu abanamanxeba kunye namabala banokuba namanqanaba egazi asezantsi e-vitamin A kwaye baxhamle kunyango ngamanani aphezulu evithamini.

I-Vitamin A ifumaneka kwinyama, kubisi nakumaqanda, kunye nokutya okubomvu, orenji, tyheli kunye nokuhlaza. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana i-vitamin A eyaneleyo, yitya iintlobo zokutya.

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unesifo se-vitamin A, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye umboneleli wezempilo. Ngokutya okufanelekileyo kunye nezongezo, ukulungisa ukusilela kunokuba lula.