Iindlela ezi-4 zokuXela ukuba inyama yenkomo engalunganga ayilunganga

Umxholo

• 1. Jonga umbala
• 2. Hlola ubunjani
• 3. Yenza uvavanyo lwevumba
• 4. Jonga umhla wokuphelelwa
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokutya inyama yenkomo embi
• Uyiphatha njani ngokukhuselekileyo inyama yenkomo
• Umgca wezantsi

Inyama yenkomo yomhlaba isetyenziswa rhoqo ukwenza iiburger, inyama yenyama, kunye nesoseji, kunye neetacos, lasagna, kunye neepie ezinencasa. Ibalela malunga neepesenti ezingama-62 zayo yonke inyama yenkomo ethengiswa eMelika ().

Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni ukusila inyama kubeka ngaphezulu umphezulu wayo emoyeni, izinto ezonakalisayo zinendawo eninzi yokuncamathisela kuyo. Ke, ihamba kakubi ngokukhawuleza kune-steak okanye olunye usiko olukhulu ().

I-Spoilage kunye ne-pathogenic bacteria zinokuchaphazela zombini inyama yenkomo.

Iibhaktiriya ezingcolileyo aziyongozi kodwa zibangela ukuba ukutya kuphulukane nomgangatho kwaye kuphuculwe ivumba elibi kunye nencasa (3).

Kwelinye icala, intsholongwane yentsholongwane iyingozi, njengoko inokukhokelela kwityhefu yokutya. Ngapha koko, ukubola kwenza ukuba kube lula ukubakho ekutyeni kwakho.

Ke ngoko, nangona ukonakalisa iintsholongwane kungazukugulisa, kufuneka usoloko ulahla inyama yenkomo eyonakeleyo ukuthintela ukutya iintsholongwane ezibangela izifo.

Nazi iindlela ezi-4 zokuxelela ukuba inyama yakho yenkomo ihambe kakubi.

1. Jonga umbala

Inyama yenkomo yomhlaba ingatshintsha umbala ngenxa yezinto ezininzi, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukukhanya, ukukhula kwe-microbial, kunye nokuvezwa kweoksijini ().

Inyama entsha, ekrwada yomhlaba kufuneka ibe bomvu ngenxa yamanqanaba ayo e-oxymyoglobin - isakhi sombala esenziwe xa iprotein ekuthiwa yi-myoglobin iphendula ngeoksijini (3).

Ingaphakathi lenyama yenyama eluhlaza inokuba mbala umdaka ngenxa yokunqongophala kokungena kwioksijini. Oku akubonisi ukonakala.

Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ulahle inyama yenkomo yomhlaba ukuba ijika nokuba mdaka okanye ngwevu ngaphandle, njengoko oku kubonisa ukuba iyaqala ukubola.

Ukongeza, ukungunda kungonakalisa inyama yenkomo ephekiweyo, ke kuya kufuneka uphonsa okushiyekileyo xa uqaphela amabala aluhlaza, angwevu, okanye aluhlaza (5).

Inyama yenkomo ekrwada kufuneka ibe bomvu ngokuqaqambileyo ngaphandle ize ibe mdaka ngaphakathi. Ukuba umphezulu wayo ujike wamdaka ngwevu okanye ongwevu okanye umngundo osele ukhulile, uye wonakala ngokungafanelekanga kwaye kufuneka ulahlwe.

2. Hlola ubunjani

Enye indlela yokujonga inyama yakho yenkomo kukuqhuba uvavanyo lokuchukumisa.

Inyama yenkomo entsha kufuneka ibe nokuqina okuqinisekileyo okuqhekeka xa uyikhama.

Nangona kunjalo, ukunamathela okuncangathi okanye okucekeceke- nokuba kuphekiwe okanye kukrwada- kunokubonisa ubukho bentsholongwane. Kuya kufuneka uyiphose ngoko nangoko (14).

Ukuphepha ukusasaza iibhaktheriya ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye, hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle emva kokuchukumisa inyama eluhlaza.

Ukuba inyama yakho yenkomo inomxholo ococekileyo okanye omdaka xa uluhlaza okanye uphekiwe, kungenzeka ukuba uhambe kakubi.

3. Yenza uvavanyo lwevumba

Olu vavanyo yeyona ndlela ilula kwaye ikhawulezayo yokufumanisa ukuba inyama yonakele na. Isebenza kuyo yomibini inyama yenkomo eluhlaza kunye nephekiweyo.

Nangona ivumba lenkomo entsha ingacacanga, inyama erancid inevumba elimnandi. Nje ukuba kubi, akusakhuselekanga ukutya.

Utshintsho lwevumba ngenxa yokwanda kokukhula kwebacteria, njenge ILactobacillus spp. kwaye Pseudomonas spp., enokuchaphazela incasa ().

Ukuba awuqapheli ivumba elihlekisayo kodwa usabona iimpawu zokonakala ngombala okanye ubume, kusakhuselekile ukuyilahla, njengoko iintsholongwane ze-pathogenic zingenakuncitshiswa (6).

Inyama yenkomo eyonakalisiweyo ivelisa ivumba elimnandi elibonisa ukuba kuyingozi ukutya.

4. Jonga umhla wokuphelelwa

Imihla yokuthengisa kunye nokuphelelwa yisikhokelo esongezelelweyo sokumisela ukuba inyama yakho yenkomo ilungile (7).

Umhla wokuthengisa uxelela umthengisi ukuba imveliso ingabonakaliswa ixesha elingakanani kwintengiso. Inyama yenkomo yomhlaba ingafakwa efrijini kwaye ityiwe ngokukhuselekileyo ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini ezidlulileyo ngalo mhla (3, 6).

Okwangoku, umhla wokuphelelwa- ikwabhalwe "njengeyona ingcono ngaphambili" - iyakuxelela xa imveliso inokuthi iqale kakubi. Ukutya kuya kuba neyona incasa ibalaseleyo kunye nomgangatho ophambi kwalo mhla.

Akufunekanga uyitye inyama yenkomo yomhlaba edlulileyo ngaphandle kokuba iphelisiwe, kwimeko apho inokuhlala ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-4 ().

Qiniseka ukuba ufunda ngononophelo ilebheli yemveliso xa uthenga inyama yenkomo.

Imihla yokuthengisa kunye nokuphelelwa kwayo ikuxelela elona xesha lilungileyo lokutya inyama yenkomo. Ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaza kunokongeza ubomi bayo beshelfu.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokutya inyama yenkomo embi

Inyama yenkomo eyonakalisiweyo iyingozi ukuyitya kuba inokuba neentsholongwane ezibangelwa zizifo ezibangelwa kukutya. Iimpawu zibandakanya umkhuhlane, ukugabha, ukuqaqanjelwa sisisu, kunye norhudo- olunokuba ligazi (,,).

Amagciwane abangela izifo akhula ngokukhawuleza ekutyeni okushiye kubushushu begumbi kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke kukutya okonakeleyo (6).

Ezona bacteria zifunyanwa ngokuxhaphakileyo eziyingozi kumhlaba wenkomo zezi Salmonella kunye neShiga evelisa ityhefu E. coli (STEC). Ukuqhamka kosulelo olunxulumene nezi ntsholongwane kwenzeka rhoqo eUnited States (, 3,,).

Kungathabatha iintsuku ezininzi ukubonakala kweempawu.

Ukutshabalalisa le ntsholongwane kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wetyhefu yokutya, pheka inyama yenkomo ngokucokisekileyo kwaye usebenzise ithemometha yenyama ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubushushu bayo bangaphakathi bufikelela kwi-160 ° F (71 ° C) (3).

Kukhuselekile ukuba ungaze utye inyama yenkomo eluhlaza okanye eyonakeleyo.

Salmonella kunye ne-STEC zezona ntsholongwane zixhaphakileyo ezinxulunyaniswa netyhefu yokutya evela kumhlaba wenyama. Yipheke kakuhle inyama ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo.

Uyiphatha njani ngokukhuselekileyo inyama yenkomo

Ukuphathwa ngendlela eyiyo kunye nokugcinwa kubalulekile ekuthinteleni ityhefu yokutya evela kwinkomo yomhlaba. Nazi iingcebiso zokhuselo ezimbalwa (3,,):

• Ukunciphisa ixesha lokuba inyama yenkomo ishiywe ingafakwanga efrijini, yithenge okokugqibela kwaye uye ekhaya ngqo kwivenkile.
• Khetha iphakheji ebandayo ngaphandle kwebala kwaye ikwimeko entle, ngaphandle kwemingxunya okanye ukukrwela.
• Jonga umbala kunye nokuphela kwenyama.
• Gcina inyama eluhlaza ngokwahlukileyo kwinqwelo yakho ukunqanda ungcoliseko, okanye ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane kwezinye izinto zokutya.
• Isifriji okanye umise ngumkhenkce ngokukhawuleza xa ufika ekhaya okanye kwiiyure ezimbini zokuthenga. Qinisekisa ukuba iqondo lobushushu kwifriji lingaphantsi kwama-40 ° F (4 ° C).
• Yigcine engxoweni kweshelufu esezantsi ukuthintela iijusi zayo ukuba zingavuzi.
• Thaw inyama yenkomo efriziwe kwifriji ukuyigcina ibanda ngelixa unciphisa. Ungaze ushiye kubushushu begumbi ngaphezulu kweeyure ezi-2.
• Okuseleyo kuyafakwa kwisikhenkcisi kwisithuba seeyure ezi-2 zokupheka uze ukutyise kwisithuba seentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4.

Khumbula ukuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle emva kokuphatha inyama yenkomo, kwaye ungalibali izixhobo zakho zokucoca ezicocekileyo zasekhitshini kunye nempahla.

Ukuphatha nokugcina inyama yenkomo ngokufanelekileyo kwehlisa umngcipheko wezifo ezibangelwa kukutya.

Umgca wezantsi

Inyama yenkomo yaziwa kakhulu kodwa iyonakala.

Iindlela ezimbalwa ezilula, kubandakanya ukukhangela utshintsho kumbala, ivumba kunye nokuthungwa, kunokumisela ukuba inyama yakho yenkomo ihambile na.

Nangona ibhaktiriya ebangela inyama ukuba yonakalise ayinabungozi ngokubanzi, ezinye iintsholongwane ezibangela izifo zisenokwanda xa zimbi. Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokugula, kufuneka usoloko upheka inyama ngokucokisekileyo kwaye uphephe ukutya inyama yenkomo eyonakeleyo okanye engaphekwanga.