Yintoni iBPA kwaye kutheni ingalunganga kuwe?

Umxholo

• Yintoni iBPA?
• Zeziphi iimveliso ezinayo?
• Ungena Njani Emzimbeni Wakho?
• Ngaba Kubi Kuwe?
• Iindlela zebhayoloji zeBPA
• Impikiswano yeBPA
• Inokubangela ukungachumi emadodeni nakwabafazi
• Iziphumo ezibi kwiintsana
• Unxulumene nesifo sentliziyo kunye nohlobo 2 lweswekile
• Ngamana unokuphakamisa umngcipheko wokuTyeba kakhulu
• Ngaba kunokubangela ezinye iingxaki zempilo
• Indlela yokunciphisa ukuBonisa kwakho
• Umgca osezantsi

I-BPA yikhemikhali yoshishino enokuthi ifumane indlela yayo kukutya nakwiziselo.

Ezinye iingcali zibanga ukuba iyityhefu kwaye abantu kufuneka benze umgudu wokuyiphepha.

Kodwa usenokuzibuza ukuba ingaba iyingozi na.

Eli nqaku libonelela ngoqwalaselo oluneenkcukacha lwe-BPA kunye neziphumo zayo zempilo.

Yintoni iBPA?

I-BPA (bisphenol A) yikhemikhali eyongezwa kwiimveliso ezininzi zorhwebo, kubandakanya nezitya zokutya kunye neemveliso zempilo.

Kwakuqala ukufunyanwa ngoo-1890, kodwa oosokhemesti ngeminyaka yoo-1950 baqonda ukuba ingadityaniswa nezinye iikhompawundi ukuvelisa iiplastiki ezomeleleyo nezomeleleyo.

Kule mihla, iiplastiki ezine-BPA zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizikhongozelo zokutya, kwiibhotile zabantwana nakwezinye izinto.

I-BPA ikwasetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-epoxy resins, ezisasazeka kulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwezikhongozeli zokutya okunkonkxiweyo ukugcina isinyithi singonakalisi kwaye singophuli.

I-BPA yindawo eyenziweyo efumaneka kwiiplastikhi ezininzi, kunye nakwimbombo yezitya zokutya ezisemathinini.

Zeziphi iimveliso ezinayo?

Iimveliso eziqhelekileyo ezinokuba ne-BPA zibandakanya:

• Izinto ezipakishwe kwizikhongozeli zeplastiki
• Ukutya okusemathinini
• Izinto zangasese
• Iimveliso zezempilo zowesifazane
• Iirisithi zomshicileli oshushu
• IiCD neeDVD
• Izinto zombane zasekhaya
• Iilensi zeglasi wamehlo
• Izixhobo zemidlalo
• Ukutywina amazinyo

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba uninzi lweemveliso ezingenasiphelo se-BPA zithathe indawo ye-BPA nge-bisphenol-S (BPS) okanye i-bisphenol-F (BPF).

Nangona kunjalo, ukugxila okuncinci kwe-BPS kunye ne-BPF kunokuphazamisa ukusebenza kweeseli zakho ngendlela efanayo ne-BPA. Ke, iibhotile zasimahla ze-BPA zisenokungabi sisisombululo esaneleyo ().

Izinto zeplastikhi ezinelebheli ezinenombolo ezi-3 no-7 ezirisayikilisha okanye oonobumba “PC” kusenokwenzeka ukuba zineBPA, iBPS, okanye iBPF.

I-BPA kunye nezinye iindlela - i-BPS kunye ne-BPF-inokufumaneka kwiimveliso ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo, ezidla ngokubhalwa ngeekhowudi zokurisayikilisha ezi-3 okanye ezisi-7 okanye oonobumba abathi “PC.”

Ungena Njani Emzimbeni Wakho?

Owona mthombo wokuvezwa kwe-BPA kukutya kwakho ().

Xa izikhongozeli ze-BPA zenziwa, ayizizo zonke i-BPA ezitywiniweyo kwimveliso. Oku kuvumela ukuba inxenye yayo ikhululeke kwaye idityaniswe nomxholo wesikhongozeli kwakube ukutya okanye ulwelo longeziwe (,).

Umzekelo, uphononongo lwakutsha nje lufumanise ukuba amanqanaba e-BPA kumchamo ehle nge-66% emva kweentsuku ezintathu apho abathathi-nxaxheba bathintela ukutya okuhlanganisiweyo ().

Olunye uphononongo lwalunabantu abathe batya isuphu enye okanye esuphiweyo enkonkxiweyo mihla le kangangeentsuku ezintlanu. Amanqanaba omchamo we-BPA ayephezulu nge-1,221% kwabo batya isuphu enkonkxiweyo).

Ukongeza, i-WHO ixele ukuba amanqanaba e-BPA kwiintsana ezincancisayo ayephantsi ukuya kuthi ga kwisibhozo kunalawo kwiintsana ezondla ubisi olungumgubo kwiibhotile ezine-BPA ().

Ukutya kwakho-ngakumbi ukutya okuhlanganisiweyo kunye nokutya okunkonkxiweyo-ngowona mthombo mkhulu we-BPA. Iintsana ezondla ubisi olungumgubo kwiibhotile ezine-BPA nazo zinamanqanaba aphezulu emizimbeni yazo.

Ngaba Kubi Kuwe?

Iingcali ezininzi zithi i-BPA iyingozi - kodwa abanye abavumi.

Eli candelo lichaza into eyenziwa yi-BPA emzimbeni kwaye kutheni iziphumo zayo zempilo zihlala zinempikiswano.

Iindlela zebhayoloji zeBPA

I-BPA kuthiwa ilingisa ubume kunye nokusebenza kwehomoni estrogen ().

Ngenxa yobume bayo obunjenge-estrogen, i-BPA inokuzibophelela kwii-estrogen receptors kunye nefuthe kwiinkqubo zomzimba, ezinje ngokukhula, ukulungiswa kweeseli, ukukhula komntwana, amanqanaba amandla, kunye nokuzala kwakhona.

Ukongeza, i-BPA inokuphinda inxibelelane nezinye iihormone receptors, ezinje nge-thyroid yakho, ngaloo ndlela utshintshe ukusebenza kwazo ().

Umzimba wakho unovakalelo kutshintsho kumanqanaba ehomoni, yiyo loo nto amandla e-BPA okulinganisa i-estrogen kukholelwa ukuba anokuchaphazela impilo yakho.

Impikiswano yeBPA

Ngenxa yolwazi olungentla, abantu abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba ingaba i-BPA kufuneka ivaliwe na.

Ukusetyenziswa kwayo sele kuthintelwe kwi-EU, Canada, China naseMalaysia-ngakumbi kwiimveliso zabantwana nabantwana abancinci.

Amanye amazwe ase-US alandele ngokulandela, kodwa akukho migaqo yomanyano yenziwe.

Ngo-2014, i-FDA yakhupha ingxelo yayo yamvanje, eyathi yaqinisekisa umyinge we-1980 wemihla ngemihla yokuvezwa kwemitha engama-23 mcg ngepawundi yesisindo somzimba (50 mcg nge kg) kwaye yagqitywa kwelokuba i-BPA ikhuselekile kumanqanaba avunyelweyo ngoku ().

Nangona kunjalo, uphando kwiintonga lubonisa iziphumo ezibi ze-BPA kumanqanaba asezantsi kakhulu- kangange-4.5 mcg ngepawundi (10 mcg ngeekg) yonke imihla.

Ngaphezulu, uphando lweenkawu lubonisa ukuba amanqanaba alinganayo nalawo alinganiswa ebantwini ngoku aneziphumo ezibi ekuzaleni kwakhona (,).

Olunye uphononongo luveze ukuba zonke izifundo ezixhaswa ngemali ngumzi-mveliso azifumananga ziphumo ze-BPA, ngelixa iipesenti ezingama-92 zezifundo ezingafumani nkxaso mali kushishino zifumene iziphumo ezibi ().

I-BPA inesakhiwo esifanayo ne-hormone estrogen. Inokubopha ii-estrogen receptors, ezichaphazela imisebenzi emininzi yomzimba.

Inokubangela ukungachumi emadodeni nakwabafazi

I-BPA inokuchaphazela imiba emininzi yokuzala kwakho.

Olunye uphononongo luye lwaphawula ukuba abantu ababhinqileyo abaphunyelwa sisisu rhoqo banegazi eliphindwe kathathu kwi-BPA egazini labo njengabafazi abakhulelweyo ().

Ngaphezulu, uphononongo lwabasetyhini abaphantsi konyango lokuchuma lubonise ukuba abo banamazinga aphezulu e-BPA banemveliso esezantsi yamaqanda kwaye banamathuba aphindwe kabini okuba bakhulelwe (,).

Phakathi kwezibini ezithatha in vitro fertilization (IVF), amadoda anamanqanaba aphezulu e-BPA ayengama-30-46% amathuba okuvelisa imibungu esemgangathweni ().

Isifundo esahlukileyo safumanisa ukuba amadoda anezinga eliphezulu le-BPA ayenamaxesha ama-3-4 okuba nobunzima besidoda kunye nesidoda ().

Ukongeza, amadoda asebenza kwiinkampani ze-BPA e-China axele amaxesha angama-4.5 ubunzima be-erectile kunye nolwaneliseko oluncinci ngokwesini kunamanye amadoda ().

Nangona ezo ziphumo ziphawuleka, uphononongo oluninzi lwamva nje luyavuma ukuba izifundo ezininzi ziyafuneka ukomeleza ubungqina (,,,).

Izifundo ezininzi zibonisa ukuba i-BPA inokuchaphazela kakubi uninzi lwamanqaku okuzala kwamadoda nabasetyhini.

Iziphumo ezibi kwiintsana

Uninzi lwezifundo- kodwa ayizizo zonke - ziye zabona ukuba abantwana abazelwe ngoomama abachazwe kwi-BPA emsebenzini banobunzima obufikelela kwi-0.5 yeephawundi (i-0.2 kg) xa bezalwa, ngokomndilili, kunabantwana boomama abangachazwanga (,,).

Abantwana abazelwe ngabazali ababonakaliswe kwi-BPA nabo bathambekele ekubeni nomgama omfutshane ukusuka kwi-anus ukuya kwilungu lobufazi, elibonisa ngakumbi iziphumo zehomoni ze-BPA ngexesha lophuhliso ().

Ukongeza, abantwana abazelwe ngoomama abanamanqanaba aphezulu e-BPA babedlamkile, bexhalabile kwaye bedandathekile. Bakwabonisa amaxesha angama-1.5 ngaphezulu kokuphinda basebenze ngokweemvakalelo kunye namaxesha ali-1.1 okuba ndlongondlongo ngakumbi (,,).

Okokugqibela, ukubonakaliswa kwe-BPA ngexesha lobomi bokuqala kukwacingelwa ukuba nefuthe kuphuhliso lweprostate kunye nethishu yamabele ngeendlela ezonyusa umngcipheko womhlaza.

Nangona kunjalo, ngelixa kukho izifundo ezaneleyo zezilwanyana zokuxhasa oku, izifundo zabantu azigqibekanga (,,,, 33,).

Ukuvezwa kwe-BPA ngexesha lobomi bokuqala kunokuba nefuthe kubunzima bokuzalwa, ukukhula kwehomoni, indlela yokuziphatha, kunye nomngcipheko womhlaza kubomi kamva.

Unxulumene nesifo sentliziyo kunye nohlobo 2 lweswekile

Izifundo zoluntu zixela i-27-135% yomngcipheko omkhulu woxinzelelo lwegazi kubantu abanezinga eliphezulu le-BPA (,).

Ngapha koko, kuvavanyo kuma-1,455 aseMelika adibanise amanqanaba aphezulu e-BPA ukuya kwi-18-63% yomngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye ne-21-60% yomngcipheko wesifo seswekile ().

Kwesinye isifundo, amanqanaba aphezulu e-BPA adityaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu we-68-130% wohlobo lweswekile yesi-2 ().

Ngaphezulu, abantu abanamanqanaba aphezulu e-BPA babengama-37% amathuba okuba babe nokuxhathisa kwe-insulin, umqhubi ophambili wesifo se-metabolic syndrome kunye nohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile ().

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izifundo azifumananga unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-BPA kunye nezi zifo (,,).

Amanqanaba aphezulu e-BPA ahambelana nomngcipheko okhulayo wohlobo lweswekile 2, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesifo sentliziyo.

Ngamana unokuphakamisa umngcipheko wokuTyeba kakhulu

Abafazi abatyebe kakhulu banokuba namanqanaba e-BPA ama-47% aphezulu kunalawo anesiqhelo ().

Izifundo ezininzi zikwaxela ukuba abantu abanamanqanaba aphezulu e-BPA ngama-50-85% amathuba okuba batyebe kwaye i-59% inamathuba okuba nesangqa esinqeni esikhulu- nangona zingezizo zonke izifundo ziyavuma (,,,,,,).

Into enomdla kukuba, iipateni ezifanayo ziye zaqwalaselwa ebantwaneni nakwishumi elivisayo (,).

Nangona ukubonakaliswa kokubeleka ngaphambi kokubeleka kwi-BPA kunxulunyaniswa nokwanda kwesisindo kwizilwanyana, oku akuqinisekiswanga ngamandla ebantwini (,).

Ukuvezwa kwe-BPA kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko okhulayo wokutyeba kunye nokujikeleza kwesinqe. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka.

Ngaba kunokubangela ezinye iingxaki zempilo

Ukuvezwa kwe-BPA kunokunxulunyaniswa nale micimbi yezempilo ilandelayo:

• Isifo sePolycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS): Amanqanaba e-BPA anokuba ngama-46% aphezulu kwabasetyhini abane-PCOS, xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini ngaphandle kwe-PCOS ().
• Ukuhanjiswa kwangaphambi kwexesha: Abasetyhini abanamanqanaba aphezulu e-BPA ngexesha lokukhulelwa babengama-91% amathuba okuba bahambise ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-37 ().
• Isifuba: Ukuvezwa okuphezulu kokubeleka ngaphambi kokubeleka kwi-BPA kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu we-130% wokuphefumla kweentsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezintandathu ubudala. Ukuvezwa kwabantwana abasaqalayo kwi-BPA kukwanxulunyaniswa nokuhamba kade ebuntwaneni (,).
• Umsebenzi wesibindi: Amanqanaba aphezulu e-BPA adityaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu we-29% wamanqanaba e-enzyme yesibindi ().
• Umsebenzi wamajoni omzimba: Amanqanaba e-BPA anokufaka isandla ekusebenzeni kakubi komzimba ().
• Umsebenzi we-thyroid: Amanqanaba aphezulu e-BPA adityaniswa namanqanaba angaqhelekanga ehomoni ye-thyroid, ebonisa ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-thyroid (,,).
• Umsebenzi weBongo: Iinkawu zase-Afrika eziluhlaza ezivezwe kumanqanaba e-BPA agwetywe ngokukhuselekileyo yi-Arhente yokuKhuselwa kokusiNgqongileyo (i-EPA) ibonakalise ukulahleka konxibelelwano phakathi kweeseli zengqondo (59).

Ukuvezwa kwe-BPA kuye kwanxulunyaniswa nezinye iingxaki zempilo, ezinje ngemicimbi enobuchopho, isibindi, idlala lengqula kunye nokusebenza komzimba. Uphando olungakumbi luyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ezi ziphumo.

Indlela yokunciphisa ukuBonisa kwakho

Ngenxa yazo zonke iimpembelelo ezinokubakho, unganqwenela ukunqanda i-BPA.

Nangona ukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo kungenakwenzeka, kukho iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwakho:

• Gwema ukutya okuhlanganisiweyo: Yitya ukutya okutsha, ukutya okugcweleyo. Hlala kude nokutya okusemathinini okanye ukutya okupakishwe kwiibhotile zeplastiki ezibhalwe iinombolo ze-3 okanye ze-7 zokuphinda zisetyenziswe okanye iileta "PC."
• Sela kwiibhotile zeglasi: Thenga izinto ezingamanzi eziza ngeebhotile zeglasi endaweni yeebhotile zeplastikhi okanye iinkonkxa, usebenzise iibhotile zeglasi endaweni yabantwana.
• Hlala kude kwiimveliso zeBPA: Kangangoko kunokwenzeka, nciphisa unxibelelwano lwakho kunye neerisithi, njengoko ezi zinamanqanaba aphezulu eBPA.
• Khetha ngeethoyi: Qiniseka ukuba iithoyi zeplastikhi ozithengela abantwana bakho zenziwe ngezinto ezingenanto ye-BPA-ngakumbi iithoyi zakho ezincinci zakho ezinokuhlafuna okanye ukuncanca.
• Musa ukwenza iplastiki kwimicrowave: I-Microwave kunye nokugcina ukutya kwiglasi kuneplastiki.
• Thenga ubisi olungumgubo lweentsana: Ezinye iingcali zincomela i-powders kulwelo olusuka kwizikhongozeli ze-BPA, kuba ulwelo lunokubamba i-BPA engaphezulu kwisitya.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezilula zokunciphisa ukubonakala kwakho kwi-BPA kwindlela otya ngayo nakwindawo ohlala kuyo.

Umgca osezantsi

Ngokukhanya kobungqina, kungcono ukuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-BPA kunye nezinye iityhefu zokutya ezinokubakho.

Ngokukodwa, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo banokuzuza ngokuphepha i-BPA-ngakumbi kwinqanaba lokuqala lokukhulelwa.

Ngokubhekiselele kwabanye, ngamanye amaxesha ukusela kwibhotile ye "PC" yeplastikhi okanye ukutya kwitoti mhlawumbi ayisosizathu sokwethuka.

Oko kwathethi, ukutshintshela izikhongozeli zeplastiki ze-BPA-simahla kufuna umgudu omncinci kakhulu kwimpembelelo enkulu enokubakho kwezempilo.

Ukuba ujonge ukutya okutsha, ukutya okugcweleyo, uya kunciphisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukubonakaliswa kwe-BPA.