Yintoni iJAK2 Gene?

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Imfuza kunye nokugula
• Umsebenzi oqhelekileyo weJAK2
• I-JAK2 kunye nezifo zegazi
• Uphando lweJAK2

Ushwankathelo

I-enzyme ye-JAK2 ibeyeyona nto kugxilwe kuyo kuphando lwamva nje kunyango lwe-myelofibrosis (MF). Olunye lonyango olutsha noluthembisayo lwe-MF sisiyobisi esima okanye sinciphise ukusebenza kwe-enzyme ye-JAK2. Oku kunceda ukunciphisa isifo.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde nge-enzyme ye-JAK2, kunye nendlela enxibelelana ngayo nofuzo lwe-JAK2.

Imfuza kunye nokugula

Ukuqonda ngcono uhlobo lweJAK2 kunye ne-enzyme, kuyanceda ukuba nokuqonda okusisiseko malunga nendlela iijini kunye nee-enzymes ezisebenza kunye kwimizimba yethu.

Imfuza yethu yimiyalelo okanye iiplani zemizimba yethu ukuze zisebenze. Sinesethi yale miyalelo ngaphakathi kwiseli nganye yomzimba wethu. Baxelela iiseli zethu ukuba zenziwa njani iiproteni, eziqhubeka nokwenza ii-enzymes.

Ii-enzymes kunye neeproteni zithumela imiyalezo kwamanye amalungu omzimba ukwenza imisebenzi ethile, enjengokunceda ukwetyisa, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweseli, okanye ukukhusela umzimba wethu kukosuleleka.

Njengoko iiseli zethu zikhula zize zahlule, iijini zethu ezikwiiseli zinokufumana utshintsho. Iseli idlulisa olo tshintsho kwiseli nganye eyenzileyo. Xa i-gene ifumana utshintsho, kungenza iiplani zibe nzima ukuzifunda.

Ngamanye amaxesha, utshintsho olwenziweyo lwenza impazamo engafundeki kangangokuba iseli ayinakwenza nayiphi na iprotein. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuguquka kubangela ukuba iprotein isebenze ixesha elongezelelekileyo okanye ihlale ivuliwe. Xa utshintsho luphazamisa ukusebenza kweprotein kunye ne-enzyme, kunokubangela isifo emzimbeni.

Umsebenzi oqhelekileyo weJAK2

Uhlobo lweJAK2 lunika iiseli zethu imiyalelo yokwenza iproteni yeJAK2, ekhuthaza ukukhula kweeseli. Uhlobo lweJAK2 kunye ne-enzyme zibaluleke kakhulu kulawulo lokukhula kunye nokuveliswa kweeseli.

Zibaluleke ngokukodwa ekukhuleni nasekuveleni kweeseli zegazi. I-enzyme ye-JAK2 inzima ukusebenza kwiiseli ezinesiqu kumongo wethu wethambo. Eyaziwa nangokuthi iiseli ze-hematopoietic stem, ezi seli zinoxanduva lokudala iiseli ezintsha zegazi.

I-JAK2 kunye nezifo zegazi

Utshintsho olufunyenwe kubantu abane-MF lubangela i-enzyme ye-JAK2 ukuba ihlale ivuliwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-enzyme ye-JAK2 isebenza rhoqo, ekhokelela ekuvelisweni kakhulu kweeseli ekuthiwa zii-megakaryocyte.

Ezi megakaryocyte zixelela ezinye iiseli ukuba zikhulule i-collagen. Ngenxa yoko, izicwili ezibomvu ziqala ukwakha kumongo wethambo-uphawu oluxeliweyo lwe-MF.

Utshintsho kwiJAK2 lukwanxulumene nezinye iingxaki zegazi. Rhoqo, utshintsho olunxulunyaniswa nemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-polycythemia vera (PV). Kwi-PV, utshintsho lweJAK2 lubanga ukulawulwa okungalawulwayo kweeseli zegazi.

Phantse iipesenti ezili-15 ukuya kwezi-15 zabantu abane-PV baya kuqhubeka nokuphuhlisa i-MF. Abaphandi abazi ukuba yintoni ebangela abanye abantu abane-JAK2 utshintsho ukuba baphuhlise i-MF ngelixa abanye bephuhlisa i-PV endaweni yoko.

Uphando lweJAK2

Ngenxa yokuba iinguqu ze-JAK2 zifunyenwe ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sabantu abane-MF, kwaye ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-90 zabantu abane-PV, ibisisifundo kwiiprojekthi ezininzi zophando.

Inye kuphela ichiza elivunyiweyo le-FDA, elibizwa ngokuba yi-ruxolitinib (Jakafi), elisebenza ngee-enzymes ze-JAK2. Eli chiza lisebenza njenge-JAK inhibitor, okuthetha ukuba licothisa umsebenzi we-JAK2.

Xa umsebenzi we-enzyme ucothiswa, i-enzyme ayisoloko ivuliwe. Oku kukhokelela kwimveliso encinci ye-megakaryocyte kunye ne-collagen, ekugqibeleni icothise i-scar tissue buildup kwi-MF.

Ichiza i-ruxolitinib ikwalawula ukuveliswa kweeseli zegazi. Ikwenza oku ngokucothisa umsebenzi we-JAK2 kwii-hematopoietic stem cells. Oku kuyenza ibe luncedo kuzo zombini i-PV kunye neMF.

Okwangoku, zininzi izilingo zeklinikhi ezijolise kwezinye i-JAK inhibitors.Abaphandi bakwasebenza ngendlela yokusebenzisa le gene kunye ne-enzyme ngethemba lokufumana unyango olungcono okanye unyango lwe-MF.