Oko kufuneka Ukwazi malunga nokuKhwehlela okuVuthayo

Umxholo

• Zithini izizathu zokukhohlela kwabantu abadala?
• Intsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane
• Isifo sombefu
• ICOPD
• IGERD
• Izifo zomzimba
• Isifo sentliziyo
• Zithini izizathu zokukhohlela kwiintsana?
• Usulelo lwe-virus lwe-syncytial virus (RSV)
• IBronchiolitis
• Ingqele eqhelekileyo okanye iqunjana
• Umkhuhlane ohambayo
• Izifo zomzimba
• Isifo sombefu
• Ukukrwitsha
• Ufumana nini ukhathalelo kwangoko
• Unyango lwasekhaya lokukhohlela okukhohlakeleyo
• Umphunga
• Isikhuphi msi ofumisayo
• Sela ulwelo olufudumeleyo
• Ukuzilolonga ngokuphefumla
• Gwema i-allergen
• Olunye ulungiso
• Umgca wezantsi

Ukukhwehlela okukhohlakeleyo kudla ngokubangelwa lusulelo lwentsholongwane, isifuba, isifo somzimba, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, iingxaki zonyango ezinobuzaza.

Nangona ukukhwehlela okukhoyo kunokuchaphazela abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, kunokuba koyikeka ngakumbi xa kusenzeka usana. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukuba ufunde oonobangela, iimpawu, kunye nonyango lokukhohlela okukhohlakeleyo kubantu abadala kunye nakwiintsana.

Zithini izizathu zokukhohlela kwabantu abadala?

Ukukhohlela kubantu abadala kunokubangelwa luluhlu olubanzi lwezifo. Ngokwe-American College of Allergy, Asthma, kunye ne-Immunology, ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya le miqathango ilandelayo.

Intsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane

Intsholongwane okanye ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane njenge-bronchitis evelisa ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kunye ne-mucus, ukuphefumula okufutshane, intlungu yesifuba, okanye umkhuhlane omncinci kunokukhokelela ekukhwehleleni. Ukubanda okuqhelekileyo, okusuleleka kwintsholongwane, kunokubangela ukuvutha xa kuhlala esifubeni.

I-pneumonia, enokubangelwa ziintsholongwane, intsholongwane, okanye ifungi, ibangela ukudumba kwiisaka zomoya kwimiphunga yakho. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla, kwaye iimpawu zinokubandakanya ukukhwehlela okanye ukukhwehlela kwe-phlegmy, kunye nomkhuhlane, ukubila okanye ukugodola, iintlungu zesifuba kunye nokudinwa.

Isifo sombefu

Iimpawu zesifo sombefu zinokubangela ukuba umaleko womoya wakho udumbe kwaye unciphise, kwaye izihlunu kwiindlela zakho zomoya ziqiniswe. Iindlela zomoya emva koko zizaliswa yimifinya, eyenza kube nzima nangakumbi ukuba umoya ungene emiphungeni yakho.

Ezi meko zinokuzisa isifo sombefu okanye uhlaselo. Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ukukhohlela
• ukuvutha, zombini xa uphefumla kunye nokukhohlela
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukuqina esifubeni
• ukudinwa

ICOPD

Isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga, esidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yiCOPD, ligama lesambrela lezifo zemiphunga eziqhubela phambili. Ezona zixhaphakileyo yi-emphysema kunye ne-bronchitis engapheliyo. Abantu abaninzi abaneCOPD banemiqathango yomibini.

• I-Emphysema yimeko yemiphunga eyenzeka rhoqo kubantu abatshayayo. Ithoba kancinci kwaye itshabalalise iisaka zomoya kwimiphunga yakho. Oku kwenza ukuba kube nzima kwiingxowa ukuba zifunxe ioksijini, Ngenxa yoko, ioksijini encinci iyakwazi ukungena kwigazi. Iimpawu zibandakanya ukuphefumla kancinci, ukukhohlela, ukuvutha komzimba kunye nokudinwa okukhulu.
• I-bronchitis engapheliyo kubangelwa ngumonakalo kwimibhobho ye-bronchial, ngakumbi imicu efana neenwele ebizwa ngokuba yi-cilia. Ngaphandle kwe-cilia, kunokuba nzima ukukhwehlela i-mucus, ebangela ukukhwehlela okungaphezulu. Oku kuyacaphukisa iityhubhu kwaye kubangele ukuba badumbe. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla, kwaye kunokubangela nesikhohlela esibuhlungu.

IGERD

Ngesifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal (GERD), isisu esiswini sibuyele kwi-esophagus yakho. Ikwabizwa ngokuba kukuphinda kwenziwe iasidi okanye iasidi reflux.

I-GERD ichaphazela malunga neepesenti ezingama-20 zabantu eMelika. Iimpawu zibandakanya ukutsha kwentliziyo, iintlungu zesifuba, ukuvutha komphefumlo, kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane. Ukuba ayinyangwa, ukucaphuka kwezi mpawu kungakhokelela kwisikhohlela esinganyangekiyo.

Izifo zomzimba

Ukunyanga komzimba kwi-pollen, izilwanyana ezinothuli, ukubumba, i-pet dander, okanye ukutya okuthile kunokubangela ukukhwehlela.

Ngelixa kunqabile, abanye abantu banokufumana i-anaphylaxis, ebaluleke kakhulu, esongela ubomi engxamisekileyo kwezonyango efuna ukuhoywa kwangoko. Impendulo zenzeka phantse kwangoko emva kokuvezwa kwi-allergen eneempawu ezibandakanya:

• ukuvutha kunye nengxaki yokuphefumla
• ulwimi oludumbileyo okanye umqala
• irhashalala
• urhwebo
• ukuqina kwesifuba
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unayo impendulo ye-anaphylactic, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 kwangoko.

Isifo sentliziyo

Ezinye iintlobo zesifo sentliziyo zinokubangela ukuba ulwelo lwakhiwe emiphungeni. Oku, kunokukhokelela ekukhohliseni okuqhubekayo kunye nokuvutha nge-mucus emhlophe okanye epinki, enegazi.

Zithini izizathu zokukhohlela kwiintsana?

Njengabantu abadala, kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwezifo kunye neemeko ezinokubangela ukuba umntwana abe nokukhohlela okukhoyo.

Ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokukhwehlela kwiintsana zibandakanya ezi meko zilandelayo.

Usulelo lwe-virus lwe-syncytial virus (RSV)

I-RSV yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo enokuchaphazela abantu bayo yonke iminyaka. Kuqheleke ngakumbi kubantwana nakwiintsana. Ngapha koko, ngokwe, uninzi lwabantwana luya kufumana i-RSV ngaphambi kokuba babe neminyaka emibini ubudala.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, iintsana ziya kuba neempawu ezinje ngokubanda ezibandayo, kubandakanya ukukhwehlela okukhohlisayo. Kodwa ezinye iimeko zinokuba mandundu kwaye zibangele ukugula okunzima njenge-bronchiolitis okanye inyumoniya.

Iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha, kunye neentsana ezinamajoni omzimba abuthathaka okanye iimeko zentliziyo okanye zemiphunga, zisemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba neengxaki.

IBronchiolitis

I-Bronchiolitis, esisifo esiqhelekileyo semiphunga kwiintsana ezincinci, inokwenzeka xa i-bronchioles (iipaseji ezincinci zomoya emiphungeni) zivutha okanye zigcwele i-mucus, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuba umntwana aphefumle.

Xa oku kusenzeka, usana lwakho lusenokufumana ukukhwehlela okukhohlisayo. Uninzi lweziganeko ze-bronchiolitis zibangelwa yi-RSV.

Ingqele eqhelekileyo okanye iqunjana

Ukukhwehlela okukhohlakeleyo kunokwenzeka xa iintsana zinesifo sentsholongwane egazini esifana nokubanda okanye ingqele.

Impumlo egxinyiweyo okanye egudileyo inokuba sisalathiso sakho sokuqala sokuba umntwana wakho ubambe ingqele. Ukukhutshwa kwempumlo kunokucaca ekuqaleni kwaye emva koko kubengqindilili kwaye kube tyheli luhlaza emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa. Ezinye iimpawu ngaphandle kokukhohlela kunye nempumlo exineneyo zibandakanya:

• ifiva
• ukuxhamla
• Ukuthimla
• ubunzima bokonga

I-Croup inokubangelwa ziintlobo ezininzi zeentsholongwane. Uninzi luvela kubanda obuqhelekileyo okanye i-RSV. Iimpawu ze-croup ziyafana nezo zokubanda, kodwa zibandakanya ukukhwehlela nokukhwaza.

Umkhuhlane ohambayo

Ukukhohlela, okwabizwa ngokuba yi-pertussis, sisifo sokuphefumla esibangelwa luhlobo lweebhaktiriya. Nangona inokuchaphazela abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, inokuba mandundu ngakumbi kwiintsana nakubantwana abancinci.

Ekuqaleni, iimpawu ziyafana nezo zomkhuhlane kwaye zibandakanya impumlo ebusayo, umkhuhlane kunye nokukhohlela. Kwisithuba seeveki ezimbalwa, ukukhohlela okomileyo, okungapheliyo kunokukwenza ukuphefumla kube nzima kakhulu.

Nangona abantwana behlala besenza isandi esithi “whoop” xa bezama ukuphefumla emva kokukhohlela, esi sandi asiqhelekanga kwiintsana.

Ezinye iimpawu zokukhohlela kubantwana neentsana zibandakanya:

• ulusu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye omfusa malunga nomlomo
• ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• umkhuhlane ophantsi
• ukugabha

Izifo zomzimba

Izinto ezinobungozi kwizilwanyana ezinothuli, umsi wecuba, i-pet dander, i-pollen, i-insect, i-mold, okanye ukutya okunjengobisi kunye nemveliso yobisi kunokubangela ukuba umntwana abe nokukhwehlela.

Ngelixa kunqabile, ezinye iintsana zinokufumana i-anaphylaxis, eyona nto ibalulekileyo, esongela ubomi engxamisekileyo yezonyango efuna ukuhoywa ngokukhawuleza.

Impendulo zenzeka phantse kwangoko emva kokubhencwa kwi-allergen kwaye ziyafana neempawu zabantu abadala, ezinje:

• ingxaki yokuphefumla
• ulwimi oludumbileyo okanye umqala
• irhashalala okanye urticaria
• ukuvutha
• ukugabha

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unempendulo ye-anaphylactic, biza u-911 ngokukhawuleza.

Isifo sombefu

Ngelixa uninzi loogqirha luthanda ukulinda ukufumanisa isifo se-asthma kude kube ngumntwana ononyaka ubudala, usana lunokuba neempawu ezinje ngesifuba esifana nokukhohlela.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha unokuyalela amayeza esifuba ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe nonyaka ubudala ukubona ukuba ngaba iimpawu ziyasabela kunyango lwesifuba.

Ukukrwitsha

Ukuba umntwana omncinci okanye usana luqala ukukhwehlela ngequbuliso, kunye okanye ngaphandle kokuvutha, kwaye alunabandayo okanye naluphi na uhlobo lokugula, kwangoko jonga ukuqinisekisa ukuba abakrwitshwi. Izinto ezincinci zinokubambeka ngokulula emqaleni womntwana, ezinokubangela ukuba bakhohlele okanye bavuthe.

Ukukrwitshwa kufuna unyango kwangoko.

Ufumana nini ukhathalelo kwangoko

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ufune unyango kwangoko ukuba wena, umntwana wakho, okanye usana lukhohlela kwaye:

• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• ukuphefumla kukhawuleza okanye kungaqhelekanga
• ukugubha esifubeni
• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• ukuqina kwesifuba
• ukudinwa kakhulu
• iqondo lobushushu elingaphezulu kwe-101 ° F (38.3 ° C) kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezintathu, okanye ngaphezulu kwe-103 ° F (39.4 ° C) kuye nawuphi na umntu ongomnye
• Isikhohlela siqala emva kokuthatha amayeza, ukulunywa sisinambuzane, okanye ukutya ukutya okuthile

Ukuba umntwana wakho akaphilanga kwaye unesikhohlela, qiniseka ukuba uyalandela kunye nogqirha wabantwana. Ngenxa yokuba iintsana azikwazi ukuthetha iimpawu zazo kunye nendlela abavakalelwa ngayo, kuhlala kulunge kakhulu ukuba umntwana wakho ahlolwe ngugqirha wabantwana ukuze afumane isifo kwaye afumane unyango olufanelekileyo.

Unyango lwasekhaya lokukhohlela okukhohlakeleyo

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokunyanga ekhaya onokuzama ukunceda ukulawula iimpawu zokukhohlela xa ungekho qatha.

Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke, qiniseka ukuba ugqirha ukunike oobhontsi ukunyanga ukukhwehlela kwakho ekhaya. Olu nyango lwasekhaya alwenzelwanga ukuthatha indawo yonyango, kodwa kunokuba luncedo ekusebenziseni ngamayeza okanye unyango ugqirha ugqirha.

Umphunga

Xa uphefumlela umoya ofumileyo okanye umphunga, ungaqaphela ukuba kulula ukuphefumla. Oku kunokukunceda ukunciphisa ubunzima bokukhwehlela kwakho.

Zininzi iindlela zokusebenzisa umphunga xa ukhohlela. Unga:

• Thatha ishawa eshushu kunye nomnyango uvaliwe kunye nefeni.
• Gcwalisa isitya ngamanzi ashushu, beka itawuli entlokweni yakho, kwaye uncike kwisitya ukuze ukwazi ukungenisa umoya omanzi.
• Hlala kwigumbi lokuhlambela ngelixa ishawa iqhuba. Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokusebenzisa umphunga wosana.

Isikhuphi msi ofumisayo

I-humidifier isebenza ngokukhupha umphunga okanye umphunga wamanzi emoyeni ukunyusa umswakama. Umoya wokuphefumla onomswakama ongaphezulu kuwo unokunceda ukukhulula i-mucus kunye nokunciphisa ukuxinana.

Ukusebenzisa i-humidifier kufanelekile kubantu abadala nakubantwana. Cinga ukuqhuba i-humidifier encinci ebusuku ngelixa wena okanye umntwana wakho elele.

Sela ulwelo olufudumeleyo

Iti eshushu, amanzi afudumeleyo anetispuni yobusi, okanye ezinye iziselo ezishushu ezinokukunceda ukhulule i-mucus kwaye uphumze indlela yomoya. Iti eshushu ayifanelekanga kwiintsana.

Ukuzilolonga ngokuphefumla

Kubantu abadala abane-asthma ye-bronchial, imithambo yokuphefumla ngokunzulu, efanayo naleyo yenziwe kwiyoga, kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi.

Kufunyenwe ukuba abantu abane-asthma ye-bronchial, abenza imithambo yokuphefumla kangangemizuzu engama-20 kabini ngemini kangangeeveki ezili-12, baneempawu ezimbalwa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemiphunga kunabo bangakhange benze imithambo yokuphefumla.

Gwema i-allergen

Ukuba uyazi ukuba ukukhwehlela kwakho kubangelwa kukungaziphathi kakuhle kwinto engqongileyo, thatha amanyathelo okunciphisa okanye ukunqanda ukudibana nayo nayiphi na into enokubangela ukungabikho komzimba.

Ezinye zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kwindalo esingqongileyo zibandakanya impova, uthuli, ukungunda, isilwanyana, isilwanyana, kunye nelatex. Ukutya kokutya okuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ubisi, ingqolowa, amaqanda, amandongomane, intlanzi kunye neentlanzi, kunye neembotyi zesoya.

Unokufuna kwakhona ukunqanda umsi wecuba kuba unokwenza ukukhwehlela okukhohlakeleyo kubenzima.

Olunye ulungiso

• Zama ubusi. Kubantu abadala okanye abantwana abangaphezu konyaka omnye ubudala, icephe lobusi linokuthomalalisa ukukhwehlela kunamayeza athile okukhwehlela. Musa ukunika ubusi kumntwana omncinci kunonyaka ngenxa yomngcipheko we-botulism.
• Cinga ngamayeza okwehlela okwehlela phezulu. Kubalulekile ukuba ungawasebenzisi la mayeza kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-6 ubudala, njengoko kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziyingozi.
• Ukumunca kumaconsi okhohlela okanye iilekese ezilukhuni. Ilamuni, ubusi, okanye i-menthol-flavored flavors drops can help thothe airways. Kuphephe ukunika ezi zinto kubantwana abancinci, kuba bayingozi.

Umgca wezantsi

Ukukhwehlela okukhoyo kudla ngokuba luphawu lokugula kancinci okanye imeko yonyango elawulekayo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba unikele ingqalelo kubukhali, ubude, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezihamba nokukhohlela, ngakumbi kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci.

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho okanye usana lunokukhohlela okuhamba nokuphefumla okukhawulezayo, okungaqhelekanga okanye okusebenzayo, umkhuhlane omkhulu, ulusu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okanye ukuqina kwesifuba, qiniseka ukuba ufumana unyango kwangoko.

Khangela kwakhona ingqalelo ngokukhawuleza ukuba ucinga ukuba ukukhwehlela kungakho ngenxa ye-anaphylaxis, enesimo esibi, esisongela ubomi. Kule meko, iimpendulo zenzeka ngokukhawuleza okukhulu emva kokubhencwa kwi-allergen.

Ngaphandle kokuvutha okanye ukukhwehlela, ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya ukuphefumla, irhashalala okanye isifuba, ulwimi oludumbileyo okanye umqala, ukuqina kwesifuba, isicaphucaphu, okanye ukugabha.