Amagama angama-45 ekufuneka uwazi: Intsholongwane kaGawulayo / uGawulayo

Umxholo

• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo-1
• Ubuninzi
• UGawulayo
• IPREEP
• Ikhonkrithi
• Ukungathobeli
• Uluhlu lwamandla
• I-cocktail kaGawulayo
• Imiphumela
• UBUGCISA
• Ibala
• Ubalo lwe-CD4
• Vavanywa
• Sazi isimo sakho
• Ubuxoki buxoki
• Ukudibanisa
• Iseropositive
• Ulwaphulo-mthetho lwe-HIV
• Seroconversion
• Isondo elikhuselekileyo
• Elisa
• Iimedali
• Ukuxhathisa okudlulisiweyo
• Isiganeko esibi
• Ukungatshati
• Uvavanyo lwe-blot Western
• Iimpawu
• Ukuphila ne-HIV
• Umthwalo wentsholongwane
• IiARV
• Ayibonakali
• Ubuxoki bubuxoki
• I-MSM
• Iserodiscordant
• Ubume obuxubileyo
• Ukunciphisa umngcipheko
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo-2
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo
• Ubutshantliziyo
• Unamathelo
• Imigaqo yenkqubo
• T-iseli
• Ixesha elide
• Ukuxhotyiswa
• Umntu osinde ixesha elide

Intro

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo ufumene ukuba une-HIV, ngokungathandabuzekiyo unemibuzo emininzi malunga nokuba le meko ithetha ntoni kuwe nakwikamva lakho.

Omnye wemiceli mngeni yokuchongwa kwe-HIV uhamba ngeseti entsha yama-akhronim, islangqa kunye nesigama. Sukuba nexhala: silapha ukunceda. Hambisa ngaphezulu kwama-45 amagama asetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo kunye nolwimi ukuze ubone ukuba zithetha ntoni, kwaye ufumane ukuqonda okungcono kwimeko.

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Intsholongwane kaGawulayo-1

I-retrovirus ebangela iimeko ezininzi zikaGawulayo kwihlabathi liphela.

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Ubuninzi

Ipesenti yabantu abosulelwe sisifo esithile-kule meko, i-HIV.

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UGawulayo

Imela "i-immunodeficiency syndrome," imeko ebangela umonakalo omkhulu kumzimba womzimba. Kubangelwa usulelo lwe-HIV.

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IPREEP

“I-PrEP” imele “i-pre-exposure prophylaxis,” iqhinga lokusebenzisa amayeza e-ARV (kuquka iiringi, ijeli, okanye ipilisi) ukuthintela usulelo lwe-HIV.

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Ikhonkrithi

Kubhekiswa kwisibini apho omabini amaqabane ane-HIV.

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Ukungathobeli

Ungabambeleli kwirejimeni emiselweyo yamayeza. Isichasi "sokubambelela." Ukungathobeli kunokwenza ukuba unyango lungasebenzi kakuhle.

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Uluhlu lwamandla

Ukuvavanya kakubi kubukho beentsholongwane ze-HIV.

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I-cocktail kaGawulayo

Indibaniselwano yonyango lwe-HIV eyaziwa njengonyango olusebenzayo lwe-antiretroviral (HAART).

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Imiphumela

Iziphumo zonyango amayeza anazo emzimbeni, ukusukela kwixesha elifutshane kwaye kungabonakali kangako kwixesha elide, ezingajongwanga kunyango lwesifo kwaye ngokubanzi zingathandeki.

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UBUGCISA

Umi “kunyango lwe-antiretroviral,” nokusetyenziswa kwamachiza okuthomalalisa intsholongwane kagawulayo.

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Ibala

Umkhethe kunye nocalucalulo olujolise kubantu abane-HIV okanye i-AIDS.

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Ubalo lwe-CD4

Iiseli ze-CD4 (ezikwabizwa ngokuba zii-T-seli) zenza amajoni omzimba avumele umzimba ukuba ulwe nosulelo. Ukugcina inani leeseli ze-CD4 (ubalo lwakho lwe-CD4) kuluhlu olufunwayo yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kunyango lwe-HIV.

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Vavanywa

Ukukhuthaza abantu ababelana ngesondo ukuba bavavanyelwe i-HIV kunye nezinye izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo.

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Sazi isimo sakho

Ibinzana elihlala liviwa likhuthaza abantu ukuba bavavanyelwe izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, kubandakanya ne-HIV, ukuze bakwazi ukwenza izigqibo benolwazi, nabanoxanduva (kwaye bafumane unyango ukuba kukho imfuneko yoko).

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Ubuxoki buxoki

Xa uvavanyo lwegazi lunika into elungileyo kubukho beentsholongwane ze-HIV, kodwa usulelo alukho ngokwenene. Ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lwe-ELISA luya kunika iziphumo ezilungileyo ngelixa uvavanyo lwe-Western blot lunika iziphumo ezibi.

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Ukudibanisa

Ukwenza izigqibo malunga nokwabelana ngesondo ngokusekwe kwisimo seqabane. Ukucinga ngokumalunga nenqanaba kunokuba yingozi, nangona kunjalo, njengoko kuxoxwa ngalo mboniso wesilayidi.

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Iseropositive

Ukuvavanya ngokuqinisekileyo ubukho beentsholongwane ze-HIV.

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Ulwaphulo-mthetho lwe-HIV

Xa usulelo lwe-HIV luthathwa njengolwaphulo-mthetho. Lo ngumcimbi onzima wezomthetho kunye nokuziphatha, kwaye imithetho ehambelana nayo iyahluka ngokwamazwe.

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Seroconversion

Inkqubo apho inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba ivelisa ii-antibodies zokuhlasela intsholongwane ehlaselayo. Awunakho ukuba kwinqanaba elichongiweyo leentsholongwane zentsholongwane kaGawulayo kule nkqubo. Funda ngakumbi malunga nexesha lokuhanjiswa kwenkonzo.

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Isondo elikhuselekileyo

Ukuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko ekusasazeni usulelo olosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo ngamanyathelo othintelo. Fumanisa ngakumbi malunga nesondo elikhuselekileyo, elisempilweni.

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Elisa

Ukuma "kwe-enzyme edibeneyo ye-immunosorbent assay." Luvavanyo lwegazi olukhangela ubukho beentsholongwane ze-HIV. Iziphumo ezilungileyo kolu vavanyo zithetha ukuba kulandelwa uvavanyo lwe-blot Western, oluchanekileyo (kodwa lubiza kakhulu).

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Iimedali

Slang “amayeza,” angamachiza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-HIV. Zininzi izifundo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza e-HIV.

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Ukuxhathisa okudlulisiweyo

Usuleleko lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo esele ichasene namayeza athile ee-antiretroviral (ARV) anokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga.

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Isiganeko esibi

Isiphumo esingalunganga seyeza elisetyenziselwa unyango. Iziganeko ezigwenxa zinokuvela kwiziphumo ebezingalindelanga kodwa ezingathandekiyo, ezinje ngokudinwa kunye nobucaphucaphu, ukuya kwiimeko ezinobuzaza njengepancreatitis kunye noxinzelelo.

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Ukungatshati

Ukuphepha kwimicimbi yesondo. Abantu ngamanye amaxesha bakhetha ukungatshati emva kokuchongwa kwe-HIV ukuthintela usulelo 'ukusasazeka.

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Uvavanyo lwe-blot Western

Uvavanyo lwegazi lokujonga ubukho beentsholongwane ze-HIV. Ixabiso lokuchaneka kwayo liphantse libe liipesenti ezili-100 ngokudibeneyo novavanyo lwe-ELISA. Funda ngakumbi malunga neemvavanyo ze-HIV.

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Iimpawu

Isigaba sosulelo lwe-HIV apho kungekho zimpawu zangaphandle okanye iimpawu zeso sifo zingabonwa. Kwezinye iimeko, esi sigaba sinokuhlala ixesha elide.

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Ukuphila ne-HIV

NgokweCDC, kukho phantse i-1.1. Isigidi sabantu baseMelika abaphila ne-HIV. Funda isikhokelo esisigulana sokuphila ne-HIV.

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Umthwalo wentsholongwane

Inqanaba le-HIV egazini lakho. Ukuba ubungakanani bentsholongwane buphezulu, ubalo lwakho lwe-CD4 luphantsi. Fumana ukuqonda okungcono malunga nokuba kuthetha ntoni kumthamo wentsholongwane.

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IiARV

Ukuma kwe "antiretroviral," eluhlobo lwechiza elisetyenziselwa unyango lwe-antiretroviral (ART) lokucinezela intsholongwane kaGawulayo.

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Ayibonakali

Oku kubhekisa kumthamo wentsholongwane ophantsi kakhulu kangangokuba iimvavanyo azinakukufumana. Oko akuthethi ukuba isigulana asisenayo i-HIV. Funda nzulu apha.

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Ubuxoki bubuxoki

Xa uvavanyo lwegazi lunika isiphumo esibi kubukho beentsholongwane ze-HIV, kodwa ke usulelo lukhona ngokwenene. Oku kunokwenzeka xa umntu esosulelwe kwaye engekaqali ukuvelisa ii-antibodies ze-HIV. Abantu abacinga ukuba banokuchaphazeleka kwi-HIV banokufuna ukuvavanywa amaxesha amaninzi.

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I-MSM

Amele "amadoda abelana ngesondo kunye namadoda." Eli gama lidla ngokukhethwa "njengobufanasini" kwiingxoxo ze-HIV ne-AIDS, kuxhomekeke kuluntu okanye kwimeko.

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Iserodiscordant

Elinye igama lobudlelwane obuxubeneyo, apho elinye iqabane line-HIV elinye lingenayo. Izithethantonye ezinokubakho zibandakanya: ubume be-sero edibeneyo, i-sero-divergent, i-inter-virus, i-positive-negative.

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Ubume obuxubileyo

Xa elinye iqabane kwisibini line-HIV kwaye elinye lingenayo. Amanye amagama oku kubandakanya "i-serodiscordant" kunye ne "magnetic." Funda ngakumbi ngokuthandana ne-HIV.

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Ukunciphisa umngcipheko

Ukuthatha isimilo esihlisa amathuba okuba sesichengeni okanye ukusasazeka kwe-HIV. Imizekelo ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo nangokuchanekileyo kweekhondom, ukuvavanyelwa izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, ukungabelani ngenaliti, nokunye okuninzi. Funda ngakumbi malunga nemingcipheko ye-HIV.

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Intsholongwane kaGawulayo-2

Isondele kakhulu kwi-HIV-1, le retrovirus ibangela uGawulayo kodwa ifumaneka ikakhulu eNtshona Afrika. Funda kabanzi malunga neentlobo ezimbini ze-HIV apha.

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Intsholongwane kaGawulayo

IProject Stigma ichaza “ukungathathi cala kwi-HIV” njengommeli onolwazi ekulweni i-HIV ne-AIDS.

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Ubutshantliziyo

Ukukhuthaza utshintsho kolunye uhlobo: kwezentlalo, kwezopolitiko, okanye ngenye indlela. Kukho itoni yobutshantliziyo bokwazisa nge-HIV, uphando, nangaphezulu ngabantu kunye namaqela kwihlabathi liphela.

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Unamathelo

Ukuthatha amayeza e-HIV ngendlela emiselweyo. Ukubambelela kunyango kunciphisa umthamo wakho wentsholongwane kwaye kuthintela ukunganyangeki ngamachiza. Amanye amagama woku kubandakanya "ukuthotyelwa" kunye "nokuthotyelwa med."

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Imigaqo yenkqubo

Inkqubo emiselweyo yonyango kwimeko ethile. Funda malunga nokuvela kwonyango lwe-HIV apha.

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T-iseli

Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-CD4 cell. Iiseli ze-T zibangela amajoni omzimba ukuba alwe nosulelo.

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Ixesha elide

Ibhekisa kubude bexesha umntu anokuphila ngalo. Ubomi obude bonyukile ngonyango lwe-antiretroviral.

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Ukuxhotyiswa

Ukutyalwa ngamandla: ngokwasemoyeni, kwezopolitiko, kwezentlalo, okanye ngenye indlela. Abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo banokuziva bexhotyisiwe ngendlela egcina imeko yabo ingachazi ubomi babo.

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Umntu osinde ixesha elide

Umntu ophile ne-HIV iminyaka eliqela. Abanye abantu baphila ne-HIV amashumi eminyaka.

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