Yintoni xanthomas, iintlobo eziphambili kunye nendlela yokuphatha

Umxholo

• Ezona ntlobo ziphambili zexanthoma
• Yintoni iXanthelasma?
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Unyango lwe-xanthoma esiswini

IXanthoma ingqamana nokubonakala kwezilonda ezincinci kuncedo oluphezulu kulusu, olwenziwe ngamanqatha anokuvela nakweyiphi na indawo yomzimba, kodwa ikakhulu kwimisipha, kulusu, ezandleni, ezinyaweni, ezinqeni nasemadolweni.

Ukubonakala kwe-xanthoma kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu kakhulu okanye i-triglycerides, nangona inokubonakala nakubantu abangenalo utshintsho lwe-cholesterol.

Ubukho be-xanthoma buhlala bungumqondiso wokuba kukho isixa esikhulu sokujikeleza kwe-cholesterol, ebangele ukuba ii-macrophage, eziyizisele zesistim somzimba sokuzikhusela, ukuhlanganisa iiseli ezinamafutha, eziguqula zibe zii-macrophage ezinogwebu kwaye zifakwe kwithishu. Ngenxa yoko, i-xanthoma ayisosifo, kodwa luphawu olunxulunyaniswa nesiphene kwimetabolism yamafutha kunye neeproteni ezithwala i-cholesterol emzimbeni.

Ezona ntlobo ziphambili zexanthoma

Ukubunjwa kwe-xanthoma kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanendlela yokuphila engafanelekanga, oko kukuthi, abanokutya okunotyebileyo kumafutha kwaye abahlala phantsi, okuthanda ukuqokelela kwe-cholesterol kunye ne-triglycerides. Nangona kunjalo, i-xanthoma nayo inokwenzeka njengezinye izifo, ezinje ngesifo seswekile, ukubola kwesibindi okanye ukusilela kwesibindi.

Ngokweempawu zabo kunye nendawo, ii-xanthomas zinokuhlelwa zibe:

• Xanthelasmas: luhlobo lwe-xanthoma ebekwe kwijwabu leso, ngohlobo lwamacwecwe atyheli kunye nathambileyo, ihlala inabantu abanembali ye-cholesterol ephezulu;
• Xanthomas eqhubayo: zezona ziqhelekileyo i-xanthoma kwaye zinxulunyaniswa ne-triglycerides eyandileyo, apho kuvela khona amaqhuma amthubi amancinci, ikakhulu emathangeni, emilenzeni, ezinqeni nasezingalweni. Bahlala bephucula xa i-triglycerides iqhelekile;
• Xanthomas ezinobunzima: maqhuqhuva amthubi, abekwe kakuhle kwiingqiniba nasezithendeni zabantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu;
• Ithenda xanthoma: yidipozithi eyenzeka kwimisipha, ikakhulu kwimisipha ye-achilles, esithendeni, okanye kwiminwe, kwaye ihlala isenzeka kubantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu;
• Xanthomas Flat: Zicaba kwaye zibonakala rhoqo kwiipalpate folds, ebusweni, esiqwini nakumava.

Kukho nolunye uhlobo lwe-xanthoma, esisisi xanthoma, apho izilonda ezinamafutha zenziwa khona esiswini kwaye ngesiqhelo ezingazibangeli zimpawu, zichongwa kwii-endoscopies okanye kuqhaqho lwesisu ngenxa yezinye izizathu. Olu hlobo lwe-xanthoma lunqabile, kwaye unobangela walo awaziwa ngokuchanekileyo.

Yintoni iXanthelasma?

I-Xanthelasma luhlobo lwe-xanthoma apho kufumaneka amacwecwe athe tyaba, amthubi kunye nezilonda emehlweni, ngakumbi kwiinkophe, zihlala ngendlela elinganayo. Ubukho be-xanthelasma abuchaphazeli, kuba yimpendulo yomzimba ukuya kwinani elikhulu lokujikeleza kwe-cholesterol, kwaye iphindaphindeka kubantu abadala abanengxaki yokuphambuka kwamafutha.

Nangona ingabangeli mngcipheko, i-xanthelasma inokubangela ukungonwabi emntwini ngenxa yokubonakala kwezilonda, ke bacela ukususwa kwe-xanthelasma, eyenziwa ngotyando okanye ngeendlela ezitshabalalisa i-xanthelasma, enjengee-asidi, i-lasers okanye i-electrocoagulation, umzekelo.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwe-xanthoma yiklinikhi, oko kukuthi, kwenziwa ngugqirha wesikhumba okanye ugqirha ngokubanzi ngokuvavanya iimpawu ze-xanthomas. Ngamanye amaxesha, uvavanyo lwegazi lunokuboniswa ukujonga inani le-cholesterol kunye nokujikeleza kwe-triglycerides.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Ukuba umntu one-xanthomas une-cholesterol okanye i-triglycerides egqithisileyo kuvavanyo lwegazi, ugqirha uya kubonisa unyango lokulawula la manqanaba, ngamachiza abizwa ngokuba ngamachiza e-hypolipidemic, anje ngeSimvastatin, Atorvastatin, kunye nefibrate, ezinje ngeFenofibrate okanye iBezafibrato, umzekelo. Ukongeza, iinkqubo zokususa iidiphozithi ezinamafutha zinokwenziwa, ekufuneka zenziwe ngugqirha wesikhumba, onje:

• Utyando lokususa kunye nokuvalwa ngemithungo: lolona khetho lukhuselekileyo, olusebenzayo, lunokwenziwa kwiklinikhi yokunyanga, inexabiso eliphantsi kwaye ivelisa iziphumo ezigqwesileyo;
• ICauterization yemichiza: zilungele ngakumbi izilonda ezincinci nezingenamsebenzi. Kwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinobungozi ezifana ne-trichloroacetic acid okanye indibaniselwano ye-asidi;
• Unyango lweLaser: ngekharbhon dioksayidi ebunjiweyo okanye nge-pulsed laser;
• Utyando: ukusebenzisa initrojeni engamanzi okanye ikhephu yekharbhon diokside;

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unyango kunye nokulawulwa kwezinye izifo ezinxulumene notshintsho kwimetabolism kunye nokwakheka kwe-xanthomas, ezinjengesifo seswekile, umhlaza wesibindi, i-hypothyroidism okanye izifo zezintso.

Unyango lwe-xanthoma esiswini

I-xasthoma yesisu okanye i-xanthelasma esiswini ziingxowa ezimthubi ze-cholesterol okanye i-lipids, ezinemigca engaqhelekanga, enokulinganisa i-1 ukuya kwi-2 mm, esiswini. Ukunyanga olu hlobo lwe-xanthoma kunyanzelekile ukuba kwenziwe iimviwo ze-endoscopy kunye ne-biopsy, kwaye ukuba iimpawu zomhlaza wesisu azikhutshelwa ngaphandle, ihlala iyinto enobungozi, kwaye indlela yokuziphatha kufuneka ibe kukujonga, oko kukuthi, kufuneka kubekwe esweni rhoqo. jonga ukuvela kwengxaki.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokudalwa komhlaza okanye iimpawu zokuba mandundu kweXanthoma, ugqirha uya kuba nakho ukukhokela ukususwa kwayo, inkqubo eyenziwe nge-endoscopy.