Ukuphazamiseka kokufunda

Ukuphazamiseka kokufunda kukukhubazeka ekufundeni okwenzeka xa ingqondo ingaboni kakuhle kwaye isebenzise iisimboli ezithile.

Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-dyslexia.

Ukuphazamiseka kokufunda (i-DRD) okanye i-dyslexia yenzeka xa kukho ingxaki kwiindawo zobuchopho ezinceda ukutolika ulwimi. Ayibangelwa ziingxaki zokubona. Ukuphazamiseka yingxaki yokulungisa ulwazi. Ayiphazamisani namandla okucinga. Uninzi lwabantu abaneDRD banobukrelekrele obuqhelekileyo okanye obungaphezulu komndilili.

I-DRD inokuvela nezinye iingxaki. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuphazamiseka kokubhala kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwi-arithmetic.

Imeko ihlala isebenza kwiintsapho.

Umntu oneDRD usenokuba nengxaki yokwenza isingqisho kunye nokwahlula izandi ezenza amagama athethiweyo. Obu buchule buchaphazela ukufunda ukulesa. Izakhono zomntwana zokufunda kwasekuqaleni zisekwe ekuqondeni amagama. Oko kubandakanya ukukwazi ukwahlula izandi kumagama nokuzidibanisa noonobumba kunye namaqela oonobumba.

Abantu abaneDRD banengxaki yokudibanisa izandi zolwimi kwileta yamagama. Oku kunokudala iingxaki ekuqondeni izivakalisi.

I-dyslexia yokwenyani ibanzi ngakumbi kunokudibanisa okanye ukuhambisa iileta. Umzekelo, uphutha u "b" kunye no "d."

Ngokubanzi, iimpawu zeDRD zinokubandakanya iingxaki nge:

• Ukumisela intsingiselo yesivakalisi esilula
• Ukufunda ukuqonda amagama abhaliweyo
• Amagama afanayo

Kubalulekile ukuba umboneleli wezempilo akhuphe ezinye izizathu zokufunda kunye nokukhubazeka kokufunda, njenge:

• Ukuphazamiseka ngokweemvakalelo
• Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• Izifo zobuchopho
• Imiba ethile yenkcubeko kunye nemfundo

Ngaphambi kokuchonga i-DRD, umboneleli uya:

• Yenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwezonyango, kubandakanya novavanyo lwe-neurological.
• Buza imibuzo malunga nokukhula komntu, intlalontle, kunye nokusebenza kwesikolo.
• Buza ukuba ukhona na umntu osapho onedyslexia.

Uvavanyo lwengqondo kunye novavanyo lwengqondo lunokwenziwa.

Indlela eyahlukileyo iyafuneka kumntu ngamnye oneDRD. Isicwangciso semfundo esizimeleyo kufuneka siqwalaselwe umntwana ngamnye onale meko.

Kunokucetyiswa oku kulandelayo:

• Uncedo olongezelelweyo lokufunda, olubizwa ngokuba ngumyalelo wokulungisa
• Ukufundisa ngasese, umntu ngamnye
• Iiklasi zosuku olukhethekileyo

Ukuqiniswa okuqinisekileyo kubalulekile. Uninzi lwabafundi abakhubazekileyo ekufundeni abazithembi. Iingcebiso ngezengqondo zinokuba luncedo.

Uncedo olukhethekileyo (olubizwa ngokuba ngumyalelo wokulungisa) lunokunceda ukuphucula ukufunda kunye nokuqonda.

I-DRD inokukhokelela ku:

• Iingxaki esikolweni, kubandakanya neengxaki zokuziphatha
• Ukuphulukana nokuzithemba
• Iingxaki zokufunda eziqhubekayo
• Iingxaki ngokusebenza

Fowunela umboneleli wakho ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakala enengxaki yokufunda ukufunda.

Iingxaki zokufunda zihlala zibaleka kwiintsapho. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele kwaye uqaphele imiqondiso yesilumkiso. Ukuqala kokuphazamiseka kufunyenwe, ngcono isiphumo.

Idyslexia

UKelly DP, uNatale MJ. Umsebenzi we-Neurodevelopmental function kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kubantwana abakwiminyaka yokuhamba isikolo. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 32.

Lawton AW, Wang WAM. Izilonda zendlela yokubuyela umva, ukusebenza okuphezulu kwecortical, kunye nelahleko ebonakalayo yokungajongi. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ii-eds. Ophthalmology. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahl 9.13.

UNass R, uSidhu R, uRoss G. Autism kunye nokunye ukukhubazeka kophuhliso. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 90.