Into ekufuneka uyazi Ngengqombela No. 5

Umxholo

• Ngaba umthubi 5 ukhuselekile?
• Yenziwe ngantoni mthubi 5?
• Uthini uphando
• Ukunyanzeliswa kwengqondo ebantwaneni
• Umhlaza
• Ezinye iziphumo zempilo
• Ukutya okuqulathe okumthubi 5
• Ukunciphisa isixa esimthubi 5 oyisebenzisayo
• Umgca wezantsi

Ngaba uzifundile iilebheli zokutya ngononophelo ngakumbi kwezi ntsuku? Ukuba kunjalo, usenokuba uqaphele "utyheli 5" uvela kwizintlu ezininzi zezinto ozihlola kwivenkile.

I-yellow 5 ngumbala wokutya ongeyena (AFC) owawunjalo. Injongo yayo kukwenza ukutya-ngakumbi ukutya okucwangcisiweyo okunje ngeelekese, isoda, kunye neesiriyeli zasekuseni- kubonakale kutsha, kunencasa, kwaye kunomdla.

Phakathi kowe-1969 nowe-1994, i-FDA nayo yavuma ukutyheli 5 kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• iziyobisi ezithathwa ngomlomo
• amayeza ezihloko
• izinto zokuthambisa
• unyango lwendawo

Amanye amagama aphuzi 5 afaka:

• I-FD & C etyheli no. 5
• tartrazine
• E102

Kunye nezinye ii-AFCs ezimbalwa, ukhuseleko oluphuzi lwesi-5 luye lwabizwa umbuzo kule minyaka ingamashumi idlulileyo. Bafumene unxibelelwano olunokubakho phakathi kweencindi zeziqhamo ezinomxube wee-AFCs kunye neempawu ezingapheliyo ebantwaneni. Uphando lukwacebisa ukumodareyitha ukuya kumaxabiso aphezulu ale AFC ekuhambeni kwexesha kunokuba neziphumo ezinobungozi.

Masiqwalasele ngokusondeleyo kwimiphumo enokubakho ye-yellow 5 ukuze ubone ukuba yinto ofuna ukuyiphepha.

Ngaba umthubi 5 ukhuselekile?

Imizimba elawulayo kumazwe ahlukeneyo inemibono eyahlukeneyo malunga nokhuseleko lwe-yellow 5. Emva kokukhutshwa kwesiseko esiqhagamshela i-AFCs kwi-hyperactivity kwizikolo zabantwana abasaqalayo nakwizikolo, i-Arhente yemigangatho yokutya ye-European Union (i-EU) ithathe i-AFCs ezintandathu zingakhuselekanga kubantwana . Kwi-EU, ileyibhile yesilumkiso iyafuneka kuko konke ukutya okuqukethe:

• tyheli 5
• mthubi 6
• quinoline tyheli
• icarmoisine
• bomvu 40 (allura bomvu)
• ponceau 4R

Ilebheli yesilumkiso ye-EU ifundeka ngoluhlobo, “Inokuba nefuthe elibi kwimisebenzi nasekuqwalaselweni kwabantwana.”

Ukongeza ekuthatheni amanyathelo ngeelebhile ezilumkisayo, urhulumente wase-Bhritane ukhuthaza abenzi bokutya ukuba bayeke i-AFC kwiimveliso zabo. Ngapha koko, iinguqulelo zase-Bhritane ze-Skittles kunye ne-Nutri-Grain bar, zombini iimveliso ezaziwayo e-United States, ngoku zidaywe ngemibala yendalo, efana ne-paprika, i-beetroot powder kunye ne-annatto.

Kwelinye icala, i-Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) ayikhange ikhethe ukwamkela indlela efanayo. Ngo-2011, ikomiti yeengcebiso ye-FDA yavota ngokuchasene nokusebenzisa iilebheli ezinje e-United States, icacisa ukungabikho kobungqina. Nangona kunjalo, ikomiti iye yacebisa uphando oluqhubekayo kwii-AFCs kunye noxinzelelo.

Enkosi kwinxalenye yokungena kokutya okusetyenzwe kakhulu, abantu eUnited States batya ii-AFC ngezinga ababezenzile kwiminyaka engama-50 eyadlulayo, xa zaziswa kuqala ezi dayi.

I-Yellow 5 ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo e-Austria naseNorway.

Yenziwe ngantoni mthubi 5?

I-Yellow 5 ithathwa njengombumba we-azo kunye nefomula C₁₆H₉U-N₄N / A₃O₉S₂. Oko kuthetha ukongeza kwikhabhon, i-hydrogen, kunye ne-nitrojeni- efumaneka kwidayye yokutya yendalo- ikwabandakanya isodiyam, ioksijini kunye nesalfure. Zonke ezi zizinto ezenzeka ngokwendalo, kodwa iidayi zendalo azizinzanga njenge-5 etyheli, eyenziwe ngeemveliso zepetroleum.

I-5 emthubi ihlala ivavanywa kwizilwanyana, kungoko ke ingxoxo-mpikiswano malunga nokuba ingaba imifuno- okanye i-vegan-friendly.

Uthini uphando

Kukho inani leendawo zempilo ezibandakanya uphando kwidayi yokutya ngokubanzi okanye i-5 etyheli ngokukodwa.

Ukunyanzeliswa kwengqondo ebantwaneni

Olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba i-50 milligrams (mg) ye-AFCs ngosuku yanele ukubangela utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha ebantwaneni. Oku kunokubonakala ngathi sisixa esikhulu sombala wokutya onokuba nzima ukusitya ngosuku. Kodwa ngayo yonke into ekhupha amehlo, ukutya okucoliweyo okuphekwe ngokupheleleyo okukhoyo kwintengiso yanamhlanje, akukho nzima oko. Umzekelo, uphononongo luka-2014 lwafumanisa ukuba enye esebenza nge-Kool-Aid Burst Cherry iqulethe i-52.3 mg ye-AFCs.

Phakathi kuka-2004 no-2007, izifundo ezithathu eziphawuleyo zatyhila ubudlelwane phakathi kweencindi zeziqhamo ezinencasa yee-AFC kunye nokuziphatha okungalunganga ebantwaneni. Ezi zaziwa njengeZifundo zaseSouthampton.

Kwizifundo zaseSouthampton, amaqela abantwana abasaqala isikolo kunye nabaneminyaka esi-8 ukuya kweli-9 ubudala banikwa iijusi zeziqhamo ezinemixube eyahlukeneyo kunye namaxabiso ee-AFCs. kolunye uphononongo lubonise ukuba abo bafunda kwisikolo sabantwana abasafundayo abanikwa uMxube A, oqukethe umbala omthubi 5, babonisa inqaku eliphezulu kakhulu "le-hyperactivity global" xa kuthelekiswa nabasaqala isikolo abanikwa i-placebo.

Abasafundanga yayingengabo bodwa abachaphazelekayo- abantwana abaneminyaka emi-8 ukuya kweli-9 abagalele ii-AFC babonisa iimpawu zokuziphatha gwenxa, ngokunjalo. Ngapha koko, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba bonke abantwana kwiqela lokulinga babonisa ukwanda okuncinci kokuziphatha okungalunganga. Imicimbi yokuziphatha yayingahlukanga kubantwana abasele behlangabezana neenqobo zokujongana nokusilela / ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo (ADHD).

Kodwa abantwana abane-ADHD banokuba novakalelo kakhulu. Kuphononongo lwangaphambili olwenziwe yiYunivesithi yaseHarvard kunye neYunivesithi yaseColumbia, abaphandi baqikelela ukuba "ukususwa kokutya okufakelweyo kwizidlo zabantwana abane-ADHD kuya kuba sisiphumo sesinye kwisithathu ukuya kwisiqingatha njengonyango lwe-methylphenidate (Ritalin)." Nangona olu hlaziyo luka-2004 ludwelisiwe, luyazixhasa iziphumo ezivela kwiSouthampton Study.

Okwangoku, oososayensi kunye ne-FDA bayavuma ukuba ukutya kukodwa akunatyala kwizimpawu ze-ADHD ebantwaneni. Endaweni yokuba kukho ubungqina obomeleleyo bokuxhasa into yebhayoloji kwesi sifo. Uphando olungakumbi luyafuneka.

Umhlaza

Uphononongo luka-2015 lujonge indlela iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zabantu ezichaphazeleke ngayo tyheli 5. Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba nangona lo mbala wokutya wawungeyiyo ityhefu kwangoko kwiiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, wenza umonakalo kwi-DNA, wenza ukuba iseli liguquke ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Emva kweeyure ezintathu zokuvezwa, i-5 etyheli yabangela ukonakala kwiiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kuluntu lonke kuvavanyo. Abaphandi baqaphele ukuba iiseli ezivezwe koxinaniso oluphezulu oluphuzi 5 zazingakwazi ukuzilungisa. Oku kunokubangela ukukhula kwethumba kunye nezifo ezinje ngomhlaza ngakumbi.

Abaphandi bagqiba kwelokuba ekubeni iiseli zendlela yesisu ziveliswa ngqo kwi-5 etyheli, ezi seli zinokubanakho ukuba nomhlaza. Uninzi lwee-AFC ozityayo zixutywe nekholoni yakho, ngoko ke umhlaza wekolon unokuba ngowona mngcipheko mkhulu.

Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba olu phononongo lwaluqhutywa kwiiseli ezizimeleyo hayi emzimbeni womntu.

Ezinye iziphumo zempilo

A lilinganise ubuthi obu tyheli 5 kwiimpukane. Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba xa umthubi 5 wasiwa kwiimpukane kwindawo yesine ephezulu yoxinaniso, yaba yityhefu. Malunga neepesenti ezingama-20 zeempukane kweli qela khange zisinde, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba zikhona ezinye izinto ezenziwayo ukongeza kwesi sifundo sesilwanyana.

Kwinxalenye yesibini yolu phononongo, iiseli ze-leukemia yabantu zatyhilwa kwimibala eyahlukeneyo yokutya. Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba ngelixa i-5 etyheli kunye nezinye ii-AFC zinokunyusa ukukhula kweeseli, azibangeli monakalo okanye utshintsho kwiDNA yomntu kwiindawo zabo ezivunyelweyo. Ukugqitywa, nangona kunjalo, "ayikucetyiswa into yokuba ukutya okunezinto ezininzi ezingapheliyo ebomini bakho bonke."

Ukutya okuqulathe okumthubi 5

Nazi ukutya okuqhelekileyo okune-yellow 5:

• Iipheki ezicwangcisiweyo, ezinje ngeTwinkies
• Iisodas ezinemibala ye-neon, njenge-Mountain Dew
• iziselo zeziqhamo zabantwana, ezinje ngeSunny D, iKool-Aid Jammers, kunye neendidi ezininzi zeGatorade kunye nePowerade
• iilekese ezinemibala eqaqambileyo (cinga umbona weelekese, M & Nks, kunye neStarburst)
• Isiriyeli zesidlo sakusasa ezineswekile njengeCap'N Crunch
• Ukuxutywa kwangaphambili kwepasta
• Ukutya okubandayo, njengePopsicles

Oku kunokubonakala ngathi yimithombo ecacileyo etyheli 5. Kodwa eminye imithombo yokutya inokukhohlisa. Umzekelo, ungakhe ulindele ukuba ingqayi yeekhetshe onayo efrijini ibe ne-5 etyheli? Ewe, kwezinye iimeko kuyenzeka. Eminye imithombo eyothusayo ibandakanya amayeza, ukuhlamba umlomo kunye nezinto zokuthambisa.

Ukunciphisa isixa esimthubi 5 oyisebenzisayo

Ukuba ujonge ukuthoba ukutya kwakho okumthubi 5, zama ukuskena iilebheli zokutya rhoqo. Cima uluhlu lwezinto ezinemibala etyheli 5 kunye nezinye ii-AFC:

• luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka 1 (eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iFCF)
• luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka 2 (indigotine)
• luhlaza 3 (i-FCF eluhlaza eluhlaza okhawulezayo)
• tyheli 6 (ukutshona kwelanga i-FCF)
• bomvu 40 (allura bomvu)

Inokukunika isiqinisekiso sokwazi ukuba uninzi lweemveliso kwishishini lokutya zenza utshintsho kwimibala yendalo. Nokuba iinkampani ezinkulu ezinje ngeKraft Foods kunye neMars Inc. zithatha indawo ye-AFCs ngezinye iindlela ezinje:

• umpu
• I-paprika (enye indlela eya kwindalo etyheli 5)
• yenyani
• Ukukhupha i-beetroot
• I-lycopene (ifakwe kwiitamatisi)
• nesafron
• ioli yomnqatha

Ngexesha elizayo xa ufika kwivenkile yokutya, nikela ingqalelo ngakumbi kwiilebhile zesondlo. Unokufumanisa ukuba ezinye zeemveliso zakho zokuya sele zitshintshile kwimibala yendalo.

Gcina ukhumbula ukuba imibala yendalo ayisiyo imbumbulu yesilivere. UCarmine, umzekelo, uvela kooqongqothwane abatyumkileyo, ekungafuneki ukuba bonke abantu bakutye. I-Annatto yaziwa ngokubangela ukungazwani kwabanye abantu.

Nazi ezinye ii-swaps ezilula onokuzenza ukunciphisa i-yellow 5 ekudleni kwakho:

• Khetha iSkirt ngaphezulu kombethe weNtaba. Ii-citrusy sodas zingcamla ngokufanayo, kodwa i-squirt eqhelekileyo ayinazixhobo ze-AFC. Yiyo loo nto icacile.
• Dlulisa kwimixube yepasta esele yenziwe. Endaweni yoko, thenga ii-noodle zengqolowa epheleleyo kwaye wenze izitya zepasta ezenziwe ekhaya. Unokubetha umxube omnandi, ophilileyo ekhaya.
• Phuza i-lemonade eyenziwe ekhaya ngaphezulu kweejusi ezithengiweyo ezivenkileni. Ngokuqinisekileyo, isenokuba neswekile, kodwa unokuqiniseka ukuba ayinasifo se-AFC.

Umgca wezantsi

I-FDA kunye nabaphandi abaphezulu baphonononge ubungqina kwaye bagqiba kwelokuba i-5 etyheli ayibeki sisongelo kwangoko kwimpilo yabantu. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lucebisa ukuba le dayi inokwenzakalisa iiseli ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngakumbi xa iiseli zichanekile kwimali enkulu kunaleyo icetyiswayo.

Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nophando malunga ne-5 emthubi, enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo onokuzenza kukunciphisa iswekile, ukutya okwenziweyo. Injongo yokufumana ngaphezulu kokutya okupheleleyo endaweni yoko:

• amafutha asempilweni njengeavokhado
• iinkozo ezingacaciswanga
• iziqhamo kunye nemifuno
• I-omega-3 fatty acids (efumaneka kwintlanzi efana nesalmon)
• iflaks
• Iiproteni ezinqinileyo njengenkukhu kunye neturkey

Ukutya ukutya okunotye koku kutya kuya kukugcina ugcwele ixesha elide. Oku kuthetha ukuba akunakufane uhendwe kukutya okunemibala, okupakishwe. Kwaye, kunye nokutya okupheleleyo, awunakukhathazeka malunga nokuba ufunxa umbala wokutya ongathandabuzekiyo, onokukuzisela uxolo lwengqondo.