Yintoni iZika Rash?

Umxholo

• Umfanekiso we-Zika rash
• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Ibangelwa yintoni?
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Yintoni unyango?
• Ihlala ixesha elingakanani?
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka
• Yintoni imbonakalo?
• Iingcebiso zokuthintela

Ushwankathelo

Ukuqhaqhazela okunxulumene ne-virus ye-Zika kukudibanisa i-blotches (i-macules) kunye nokuphakamisa amancinci amancinci abomvu (iipilisi). Igama lobugcisa lokukhawuleza "yi-maculopapular." Ihlala irhawuzelela.

Intsholongwane ka Zika isasazeka ngokuluma kosulelekileyo I-Aedes iingcongconi. Ukuhanjiswa kukwasuka kumama uye emntwaneni okanye ngesondo, utofelo-gazi, okanye ukulunywa sisilwanyana.

Intsholongwane ihlala ithambile, kwaye malunga, akukho zimpawu ziqwalaselwayo. Xa iimpawu zenzeka, zinokubandakanya:

• irhashalala
• ifiva
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukudinwa
• ukudibana
• intlungu edibeneyo

Iimpawu zihlala zisombulula kwiiveki ezimbini okanye ngaphantsi.

Le ntsholongwane ithiywe ngehlathi laseZika eUganda, apho yaqala yachazwa ngo-1947. Ukuqala kwayo ukwenzeka kumazwe aseMelika kwakungo-2015, xa iBrazil yanika ingxelo yamatyala eZika, amanye enengxaki ezinkulu kubafazi abakhulelweyo.

Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nokuqubuka okunokwenzeka kwabo banesivumelwano neZika.

Umfanekiso we-Zika rash

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Uninzi lwabantu abaneZika alunakhawuleza kwaye azikho ezinye iimpawu. Kwisifundo esikhulu saseBrazil, kuphela ngama-38 eepesenti abantu abaneZika abakhumbula ukulunywa yingcongconi.

Ukuba ufumana i-virus ye-Zika, ingabonakala ngaphakathi kokuluma kumiyane onentsholongwane. Irhashalala ihlala iqala esiqwini kwaye isasazeka ebusweni, iingalo, imilenze, iinyawo, kunye neentende.

Ukukhawuleza kukudibanisa amaqhuma amancinci abomvu kunye namabala abomvu. Olunye usuleleko olusasazwa yingcongconi lunamaqhakuva afanayo, kubandakanya i-dengue kunye ne-chikungunya. Ezi zihlelwa njenge.

Kodwa ngokungafaniyo nezinye iirivivirus rashes, irhashalala leZika labikwa ukuba lirhawuzelele kwiipesenti ezingama-79 zamatyala.

Irhashsi efanayo inokubangelwa kukungaziphathi kakuhle iziyobisi, i-aleji, usulelo lwebacteria, kunye nokudumba kwenkqubo.

Uphononongo olwenziwe eBrazil lwamatyala aqinisekisiweyo e-Zika virus aqaphele ukuba kumatyala, abantu baya kugqirha kuba bebona irhashalala iZika.

Ibangelwa yintoni?

Intsholongwane ka Zika idluliselwa ikakhulu ngokulunywa yingcongconi I-Aedes iintlobo. Intsholongwane ingena kwii-lymph nodes nakwigazi. Ukuphendula kwamajoni akho omzimba kwintsholongwane kungabonakaliswa ngokuxhamla kwe-maculopapular.

Kufunyaniswa njani?

Ugqirha wakho uya kukubuza malunga naluphi na uhambo lwakutshanje wena (okanye iqabane) onokuthi ube nalo kwiindawo apho iZika ixhaphake khona. Baza kufuna ukwazi ukuba uyakhumbula ukulunywa yingcongconi.

Ugqirha uya kubuza malunga neempawu zakho kunye nokuba ziqale nini.

Ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane yeZika intsholongwane ifana nolunye usulelo lwentsholongwane, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukulawula ezinye izizathu. Uvavanyo lwegazi, umchamo, kunye namathe kunokunceda ukuqinisekisa iZika. Iimvavanyo ezintsha zezi.

Yintoni unyango?

Akukho lonyango lukhethekileyo lwentsholongwane yeZika okanye irhashalala. Unyango olucetyiswayo luyafana nolwezinye izifo ezinje ngomkhuhlane:

• phumla
• ulwelo oluninzi
• i-acetaminophen yokunciphisa umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani?

Ukugqithisa ngokuqhelekileyo kuhamba yedwa ngaphakathi emva kokuba kuqale.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

Azikho iingxaki ezivela kwi-Zika rash ngokwayo. Kodwa kunokubakho iingxaki ezinkulu ezivela kwintsholongwane yeZika, ngakumbi kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.

EBrazil, ngexesha lokuqhambuka kwentsholongwane yeZika ngo-2015, kwabakho abantwana abazelwe benentloko encinci okanye ingqondo (i-microcephaly) kunye nezinye iziphene zokuzalwa. Isivumelwano esomeleleyo senzululwazi kukuba kukho ubudlelwane obunobangela kunye nentsholongwane kaZika kunina.

Kumazwe aseMelika nasePolynesia, kukho iingxelo zokunyuka kwesifo sokudumba kwenwebu yobuchopho, i-meningoencephalitis, kunye ne-Guillain-Barré syndrome enxulunyaniswa ne-virus yeZika.

Njani kwaye ukuba intsholongwane yeZika ibangela ezi ngxaki ngoku.

Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo abane-Zika rash bayacetyiswa ukuba benze iimvavanyo zokufumanisa ukuba ingaba umntwana lowo ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-microcephaly okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga. Uvavanyo lubandakanya i-ultrasound kunye nesampulu yeencindi zesibeleko (amniocentesis) ukukhangela intsholongwane yeZika.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

Okwangoku akukho gonyo lwentsholongwane yeZika. Intsholongwane yeZika ihlala ithambile, kwaye uninzi lwabantu aluboni zimpawu. Ukuba une-Zika rash okanye ezinye iimpawu zentsholongwane, unokulindela ukubuyela kwiiveki ezimbini okanye ngaphantsi.

Ukuthintela ukusasazeka kosulelo kwabanye, zikhusele xa ulunywa yingcongconi iiveki ezintathu emva kokuba uneZika okanye undwendwele indawo apho iZika ikhoyo. Ukuba ingcongconi ikuluma ngelixa unentsholongwane, inokusasaza intsholongwane iye kwabanye abantu ukuba iyaluma.

Amaziko ase-US okuLawula izifo (CDC) ukuba abafazi abakhulelweyo abahambi kwiindawo apho kukho umngcipheko weZika. I-CDC ikwathi ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo banesondo esikhuselweyo sekhondom okanye bayeke ukwabelana ngesondo ngelixa bekhulelwe.

Le ntsholongwane ihlala emchameni nakwidoda kunasegazini. Amadoda ane-Zika virus kufuneka athathe amanyathelo okhuseleko kunye namaqabane abo ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ukuba kucwangcisiwe ukukhulelwa. I-CDC yokuba amadoda ahambileyo ukuya kummandla oneZika kufuneka asebenzise iikhondom okanye ayeke ukwabelana ngesondo kangangeenyanga ezintandathu.

Iingcebiso zokuthintela

Ukuzikhusela ekulunyweni yingcongconi yindlela yokuqala yokuzikhusela kwintsholongwane yeZika.

Kwiindawo apho kukho umngcipheko weZika, thabatha amanyathelo okunciphisa ubuninzi beengcongconi. Oku kuthetha ukulahla nawaphi na amanzi amileyo kufutshane nendlu anokuvelisa iingcongconi, ukusuka kwiimbiza zezityalo ukuya kwiibhotile zamanzi.

Ukuba uhlala okanye uhambela ummandla apho kukho umngcipheko weZika:

• Nxiba iimpahla zokuzikhusela kubandakanya imikhono emide, iibhulukhwe ezinde, iikawusi kunye nezihlangu.
• Sebenzisa into efanelekileyo yokugxotha iingcongconi ene-10% ye-DEET.
• Lala phantsi komnatha webhedi ebusuku kwaye uhlale kwiindawo ezineescreen zefestile.