I-Mycoplasma inyumoniya

I-pneumonia iyavutha okanye idumbe izicwili zemiphunga ngenxa yosulelo lwentsholongwane.

I-Mycoplasma pneumonia ibangelwa yintsholongwane Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M inyumoniya).

Olu hlobo lwenyumoniya lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-atypical pneumonia kuba iimpawu zohlukile kwinyumoniya ngenxa yezinye iintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo.

I-Mycoplasma pneumonia ihlala ichaphazela abantu abangaphantsi kwama-40.

Abantu abahlala okanye abasebenza kwiindawo ezixineneyo ezifana nezikolo kunye neendawo zokuhlala ezingenamakhaya banethuba eliphezulu lokufumana le meko. Kodwa abantu abaninzi abagula ngayo abanazo izinto eziyingozi.

Iimpawu zihlala zithambile kwaye zibonakala ngaphezulu kwe-1 ukuya kwiiveki ezi-3. Banokuba nzima ngakumbi kwabanye abantu.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukugodola
• Ukukhwehlela, kuhlala komile kwaye kungabi gazi
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo
• Umkhuhlane (unokuphakama)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Umqala obuhkungu

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Intlungu yendlebe
• Intlungu yamehlo okanye ukukhathazeka
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha kunye nokuqina kwamalungu
• Iqhuma lentamo
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza
• Izikhumba zolusu okanye irhashalala

Abantu abane-pneumonia ekrokrelwayo kufuneka babe novavanyo olupheleleyo lonyango. Kungaba nzima kumboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba uxele ukuba unayo i-pneumonia, i-bronchitis, okanye olunye usulelo lokuphefumla, ke unokufuna i-x-ray yesifuba.

Kuxhomekeke kubuzaza beempawu zakho, ezinye iimvavanyo zinokwenziwa, kubandakanya:

• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• Uvavanyo lwegazi
• I-Bronchoscopy (ayifane ifuneke)
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-CT kwesifuba
• Ukulinganisa amanqanaba eoksijini kunye nekhabhon dioksi egazini (iarterial gases zegazi)
• Impumlo okanye umqala swab ukujonga iintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane
• I-biopsy evulekileyo yemiphunga (yenziwa kuphela kwizifo ezinobuzaza xa isifo singenakwenziwa kweminye imithombo)
• Uvavanyo lwesikhohlela ukujonga ibacteria ye-mycoplasma

Kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho mfuneko yokwenza uxilongo oluthile ngaphambi kokuqala unyango.

Ukuze uzive ungcono, ungathatha la manyathelo okuzikhathalela ekhaya:

• Lawula umkhuhlane wakho nge-aspirin, ii-NSAID (ezinje nge-ibuprofen okanye i-naproxen), okanye i-acetaminophen. UNGABANIKI i-aspirin abantwana kuba inokubangela isigulo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuba yiReye syndrome.
• Sukuthatha amayeza okukhohlela ungakhange uqale uthethe nomboneleli wakho. Amayeza okukhohlela anokwenza nzima ukuba umzimba wakho ukhohlele isikhohlela esongezelelweyo.
• Phuza ulwelo oluninzi ukunceda ukhulule imfihlo kunye nokuzisa i-phlegm.
• Phumla ngokwaneleyo. Unomnye umntu owenza imisebenzi yasekhaya.

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane asetyenziselwa ukunyanga inyumoniya:

• Unokwazi ukuthatha ii-antibiotics ngomlomo ekhaya.
• Ukuba imeko yakho imbi kakhulu, uya kungeniswa esibhedlele. Kulapho, uya kunikwa i-antibiotics ngomthambo (ngaphakathi), kunye neoksijini.
• I-antibiotics ingasetyenziselwa iiveki ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu.
• Gqiba zonke i-antibiotics ozimiselweyo, nokuba uziva ungcono. Ukuba uyeka iyeza ngokukhawuleza, inyumoniya inokubuya kwaye kunokuba nzima ukunyanga.

Uninzi lwabantu luyachacha ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwee-antibiotics, nangona ii-antibiotics zinokukhawulezisa ukubuyisa Kubantu abadala abangahoywanga, ukukhohlela kunye nobuthathaka kunokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwinyanga. Esi sifo sinokuba sibi ngakumbi kubantu abadala nakwabo banamajoni omzimba abuthathaka.

Iingxaki ezinokubakho zibandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Usulelo lwendlebe
• I-hemolytic anemia, imeko apho kungonelanga iiseli ezibomvu egazini kuba umzimba uyazitshabalalisa
• Irhashalala

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho ukuba uvelisa umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, okanye ukuphefumla kancinci. Zininzi izinto ezibangela ezi mpawu. Umboneleli uya kufuna ukukhupha inyumoniya.

Kwakhona, tsalela umnxeba ukuba ufumaneke unolu hlobo lwenyumoniya kwaye iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mbi emva kokuphucula kuqala.

Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo, kwaye ube nabanye abantu abakungqongileyo benza okufanayo.

Kuphephe ukunxibelelana nabanye abantu abagulayo.

Ukuba amajoni akho omzimba abuthathaka, hlala kude nezihlwele. Buza iindwendwe ezinengqele ukuba zinxibe imaski.

Musa ukutshaya. Ukuba uyakwenza oko, funa uncedo ukuze uyeke.

Fumana umkhuhlane unyaka nonyaka. Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba ufuna isitofu sokuthintela inyumoniya.

Inyumoniya yokuhamba; Inyumoniya efunyanwa ekuhlaleni - i-mycoplasma; I-pneumonia efunyanwa ekuhlaleni-e-atypical

• I-pneumonia kubantu abadala - ukukhutshwa

• Amaphaphu
• Erythema multiform, izilonda setyhula - izandla
• I-Erythema multiforme, izilonda ekujoliswe kuzo entendeni
• I-Erythema multiforme emlenzeni
• Ukukhutshwa ngokulandela i-erythroderma
• Inkqubo yokuphefumla

IBaum SG, iGoldman DL. Mycoplasma usulelo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 301.

IHolzman RS, iSimberkoff MS, iLeaf HL. Mycoplasma pneumoniae kunye nenyumoniya e-atypical. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 183.

UTorres A, uMenéndez R, uWunderink RG. I-pneumonia yebacteria kunye nethumba lemiphunga. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2016: isahluko 33.