Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu

Uxinzelelo lwegazi lelinye igama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza uxinzelelo lwegazi. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokukhokelela ku:

• Ukubetha
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Isifo sezintso
• Ukufa kwangoko

Usengozini yokuba noxinzelelo lwegazi xa usiba mdala. Kungenxa yokuba imithambo yegazi yakho iqina njengoko uneminyaka yobudala. Xa oko kusenzeka, uxinzelelo lwegazi luyenyuka.

Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luphezulu, kufuneka ulwehlise kwaye ulugcine phantsi kolawulo. Uxinzelelo lwegazi lokufunda lunamanani ama-2. Inye okanye omabini la manani angaphakama kakhulu.

• Inombolo ephezulu ibizwa ngokuba yi uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic. Kubantu abaninzi, oku kufunda kuphezulu kakhulu ukuba ngaba yi-140 okanye ngaphezulu.
• Inombolo engezantsi ibizwa ngokuba yi uxinzelelo lwegazi. Kubantu abaninzi, oku kufunda kuphezulu kakhulu ukuba ngama-90 okanye ngaphezulu.

La manani oxinzelelo lwegazi angasentla zizinjongo uninzi lweengcali ezivumelana ngazo kuninzi lwabantu. Kubantu abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu, abanye ababoneleli ngezempilo bacebisa iinjongo zoxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-150/90. Umboneleli wakho uya kuqaphela ukuba ezi njongo zisebenza njani kuwe ngokuthe ngqo.

Amayeza amaninzi anokunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi. Umboneleli wakho uya:

• Misela iyeza elifanelekileyo
• Jonga amayeza akho
• Yenza utshintsho xa kufuneka njalo

Abantu abadala badla ngokuthatha amayeza amaninzi kwaye oku kubabeka emngciphekweni omkhulu weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziyingozi. Elinye icala lesiphumo seyeza lonyango ngumngcipheko owandileyo wokuwa. Xa unyanga abantu abadala, iinjongo zoxinzelelo lwegazi kufuneka zilinganiswe ngokuchasene neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza.

Ukongeza ekuthatheni iyeza, unokwenza izinto ezininzi ukukunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• Nciphisa inani lesodium (ityuwa) oyityayo. Cwangcisa ngaphantsi kwe-1,500 mg ngosuku.
• Nciphisa usela utywala obungakanani, ungaseli ngaphezu kwesiselo esinye ngosuku kubafazi kunye ne-2 ngosuku kumadoda.
• Yitya ukutya okusempilweni okubandakanya izixa ezinconyelweyo zepotassium kunye nefayibha.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi.
• Hlala kubunzima bomzimba osempilweni. Fumana inkqubo yokunciphisa umzimba, ukuba uyayifuna.
• Zilolonge rhoqo. Fumana ubuncinci imizuzu engama-40 yokumodareyitha usebenzise umthambo omkhulu we-aerobic ubuncinci iintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4 ngeveki.
• Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo. Zama ukunqanda izinto ezibangela uxinzelelo kuwe, kwaye uzame ukucamngca okanye iyoga ukuze uxinzeleleke.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka. Fumana inkqubo eya kukunceda uyeke.

Umboneleli wakho unokukunceda ufumane iinkqubo zokunciphisa umzimba, ukuyeka ukutshaya, kunye nokuzilolonga. Unokufumana kwakhona ukuhanjiswa kwisondlo sokutya kumboneleli wakho. Isazi sokutya sinokukunceda ucwangcise ukutya okusempilweni kuwe.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi lunokulinganiswa kwiindawo ezininzi, kubandakanya:

• Ekhaya
• Iofisi yomboneleli wakho
• Indawo yakho yokucima umlilo
• Ezinye iikhemesti

Umboneleli wakho unokucela ukuba ugcine umkhondo wexinzelelo lwakho lwegazi ekhaya. Qinisekisa ukuba ufumana umgangatho osemgangathweni, isixhobo esifanelekileyo esifanelekileyo ekhaya. Kungcono ukuba unayo enye enekhamityi yengalo yakho kunye nokufundwa kwedijithali. Ziqhelanise nomboneleli wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uthatha uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokuchanekileyo.

Kuqhelekile ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho lwahluke ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo emini.

Ihlala iphakame kakhulu xa usemsebenzini. Yehla kancinci xa usekhaya. Ihlala iphantsi xa ulele.

Kuqhelekile ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho lonyuke ngequbuliso xa uvuka. Kubantu abanoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, kulapho ke basemngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokufa icala.

Umboneleli wakho uya kukunika uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye ujonge uxinzelelo lwegazi rhoqo. Ngomnikezeli wakho, misela injongo yoxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ukuba ujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi ekhaya, gcina ingxelo ebhaliweyo. Yiza neziphumo kutyelelo lwakho lweklinikhi.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho luhamba ngaphezu kwenqanaba eliqhelekileyo.

Biza kwakhona ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo
• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukubila
• Isihlunu okanye ukugabha
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Utywala okanye intloko
• Intlungu okanye ukubetha entanyeni, emhlathini, egxalabeni, okanye kwiingalo
• Ubudenge okanye ubuthathaka emzimbeni wakho
• Ukufa isiqaqa
• Ingxaki yokubona
• Ukudideka
• Kunzima ukuthetha
• Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ocinga ukuba zinokuvela kunyango lwakho okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi

Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi

• Ukuthatha uxinzelelo lwegazi ekhaya
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Ukutya okuphantsi kwesodium

Umbutho weSwekile yaseMelika. 10. Isifo sentliziyo kunye nolawulo lomngcipheko: imigangatho yokhathalelo lonyango kwisifo seswekile-2020. Unonophelo lweSwekile. 2020; 43 (iSuppl 1): S111-S134. IINKCUKACHA: 31862753.

Ettehad D, Emdin CA, Kiran A, et al. Uxinzelelo lwegazi ukunciphisa ukuthintela isifo sentliziyo kunye nokufa: uphononongo olucwangcisiweyo kunye nohlalutyo lweemeta. ILancet. Ngo-2016; 387 (10022): 957-967. IINKCUKACHA: 26724178 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26724178/.

URosendorff C, uLackland DT, uAllison M, et al. Unyango lwexinzelelo lwegazi kwizigulana ezinesifo semithambo yegazi: ingxelo yesayensi evela kwiAmerican Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, kunye American Society of Hypertension. Ukujikeleza. 2015; 131 (19): e435-e470. IINKCUKACHA: 25829340 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25829340/.

UVictor RG, uLibby P.Uxinzelelo lwenkqubo: ulawulo. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 47.

UWhelton PK, uCarey RM, uAronow WS, et al. I-ACC / AHA / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / AGS / APhA / ASH / ASPC / NMA / PCNA isikhokelo sothintelo, ukufumanisa, ukuvavanya, kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kubantu abadala: ingxelo yeAmerican College of Cardiology / American Heart Umbutho woMsebenzi woMbutho kwizikhokelo zeklinikhi. J NdinguColl Cardiol. 2018; 71 (19): e127-e248. IINKCUKACHA: 29146535 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29146535/.

• UAngina
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• I-angioplasty kunye nokubekwa ngokufanelekileyo - imithambo yendlela
• Iinkqubo zokupheliswa kwentliziyo
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• Isifo sentliziyo
• Utyando lwentliziyo ngokudlula
• Utyando lwentliziyo olugqithisileyo- olungenayo intsholongwane
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Intliziyo yomenzi wentliziyo
• Amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu - abantu abadala
• Isixhobo se-Cardioverter-defibrillator esinokufakwa
• Umda we-peripheral artery-umlenze
• Iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokuyeka ukutshaya

• Ukulungiswa kwesisu se-aortic aneurysm - ukukhutshwa okuvulekileyo
• I-ACE inhibitors
• Angina - ukubhobhoza
• I-Angioplasty kunye ne-stent-heart-discharge
• I-Angioplasty kunye nokubekwa kwindawo entle-umthambo we-carotid-ukukhutshwa
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• Iziyobisi Antiplatelet - P2Y12 inhibitors
• Ukulungiswa kwe-aortic aneurysm-endovascular-discharge
• I-Aspirin kunye nesifo sentliziyo
• I-Atrial fibrillation - ukukhutshwa
• Ukusebenza xa unesifo senhliziyo
• Ibhotolo, imajarini neeoli zokupheka
• Utyando lweCarotid-ukukhutshwa
• Cholesterol kunye nendlela yokuphila
• Cholesterol - unyango lweziyobisi
• Isifo seswekile -ukuthintela ukubetha kwentliziyo kunye nokubetha
• Kuchazwe amafutha ezempilo
• Iingcebiso zokutya okukhawulezayo
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• Utyando lokudlula kwentliziyo-ukukhutshwa
• Utyando lokudlula kwentliziyo-ukukhutshwa kancinci okungafunekiyo
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• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo - ukukhutshwa
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo - ulwelo kunye ne-diuretics
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo-ukubeka iliso ekhaya
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu- yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Ufunda njani iilebheli zokutya
• Ukutya okunetyuwa encinci
• Ukutya kweMeditera
• Umda we-peripheral artery-umlenze-ukukhutshwa
• Stroke - ukubhobhoza

• Igazi elonyukayo
• Ungaluthintela njani uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu