Isilicosis

Isilicosis sisifo semiphunga esibangelwa kukuphefumla (inhaling) uthuli lwesilica.

I-silica yinto eqhelekileyo, eyenzeka ngokwendalo. Ifunyanwa kwiindawo ezininzi ezilulwalwa. Iifom zothuli lweSilica ngexesha lezemigodi, ukumba amatye, ukuthunga, kunye nokusebenza ngeentsimbi ezithile. I-Silica yeyona ndawo iphambili kwisanti, ke abasebenzi beglasi kunye ne-blasters zesanti nayo ikwayiveliswa kwisilica.

Iintlobo ezintathu ze-silicosis zenzeka:

• I-silicosis engapheliyo, ebangelwa kukuvezwa kwexesha elide (ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20) ukuya kwixabiso eliphantsi lothuli lwe-silica. Uthuli lwesilica lubangela ukudumba emiphungeni nakwisifuba se-lymph node. Esi sifo sinokubangela ukuba abantu babe nengxaki yokuphefumla. Le yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yesilosis.
• Ukukhawuleza kwe-silicosis, eyenzeka emva kokuvezwa sisixa esikhulu sesilica ngexesha elifutshane (kwiminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-15). Ukudumba emiphungeni kunye neempawu zenzeka ngokukhawuleza kune-silicosis elula.
• Isilicosis ebukhali, ebangelwa kukuvezwa kwexesha elifutshane kumanani amakhulu kakhulu esilika. Imiphunga iyavutha kakhulu kwaye ingagcwalisa ulwelo, ibangele ukuphefumla kakhulu kunye nenqanaba eliphantsi leoksijini yegazi.

Abantu abasebenza kwimisebenzi apho bevezwa uthuli lwe-silica basemngciphekweni. Le misebenzi ibandakanya:

• Ukuveliswa kwe-Abrasives
• Ukuveliswa kweglasi
• Imigodi
• Ukutshata
• Ukwakhiwa kwendlela nolwakhiwo
• Ukuqhushumba kwesanti
• Ukusika amatye

Ukuvezwa kakhulu kwesilica kunokubangela isifo kungaphelanga unyaka. Kodwa ihlala ithatha iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-15 yokuvezwa ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu. I-Silicosis iye yaxhaphaka okokoko uKhuseleko eMsebenzini noLawulo lwezeMpilo (OSHA) yenze imigaqo efuna ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokukhusela, ezithintela inani labasebenzi bethuli lesilika.

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Khohlela
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ukuhla ukusinda

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kuthatha imbali yezonyango. Uya kubuzwa malunga nemisebenzi yakho (eyadlulayo neyangoku), izinto ozithandayo, kunye neminye imisebenzi enokuthi ikutyhilele isilika. Umboneleli uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba.

Uvavanyo lokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kunye nokukhusela izifo ezifanayo zibandakanya:

• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Isifuba se-CT scan
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wePulmonary
• Uvavanyo lwesifo sephepha
• Uvavanyo lwegazi kwizifo ezinxulumene nezicubu

Akukho lonyango luthe ngqo lwesilosis. Ukususa umthombo wokubonakaliswa kwe-silica kubalulekile ukukhusela isifo ukuba singabi sibi. Unyango oluxhasayo lubandakanya iyeza lokukhohlela, ii-bronchodilators, kunye neoksijini xa kufuneka njalo. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane amiselwe usulelo lokuphefumla njengoko kufuneka.

Unyango lukwabandakanya ukunciphisa ukubekeka esichengeni kunye nokuyeka ukutshaya.

Abantu abane-silicosis basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha (TB). I-Silica kukholelwa ukuba iphazamisa impendulo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwintsholongwane ebangela i-TB. Uvavanyo lolusu ukukhangela ukuba sesichengeni se-TB kufuneka lwenziwe rhoqo. Abo bavavanyiweyo kulusu lwabo kufanele ukuba banyangwe ngamachiza okuthintela isifo sephepha. Naluphi na utshintsho kwinkangeleko yesifuba i-ray ingangumqondiso we-TB.

Abantu abane-silicosis enzima banokufuna ukufakelwa kwemiphunga.

Ukujoyina iqela lenkxaso apho ungadibana nabanye abantu abane-silicosis okanye izifo ezinxulumene noko kunokukunceda ukuba usiqonde isifo sakho kwaye uziqhelanise nonyango lwaso.

Isiphumo siyahluka, kuxhomekeke kwisixa somonakalo kwimiphunga.

I-Silicosis inokukhokelela kwezi ngxaki zilandelayo zempilo:

• Izifo ezinxulumene nezihlunu, kubandakanya isifo samathambo, isifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-scleroderma (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-systemic sclerosis), kunye ne-lupus erythematosus
• Umhlaza wemiphunga
• Inkqubela phambili enkulu ye-fibrosis
• Ukusilela kokuphefumla
• Isifo sephepha

Fowunela umboneleli wakho ukuba ukrokrela ukuba ukhe wavezwa silica emsebenzini kwaye uneengxaki zokuphefumla. Ukuba ne-silicosis kwenza kube lula kuwe ukuba ube nosulelo lwemiphunga. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nokufumana izitofu zokugonya umkhuhlane kunye nenyumoniya.

Ukuba uye wafumanisa ukuba une-silicosis, biza umniki-nkonzo wakho ngoko nangoko xa uvela ukhohlela, uphefumla kancinci, umkhuhlane, okanye ezinye iimpawu zosulelo lwemiphunga, ngakumbi ukuba ucinga ukuba unomkhuhlane. Kuba imiphunga yakho sele yonakele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba usulelo lunyangwe ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuya kuthintela iingxaki zokuphefumla ekubeni zingqine, kunye nomonakalo ongaphezulu kwimiphunga yakho.

Ukuba usebenza kwindawo enomngcipheko omkhulu okanye unomdla wokuzonwabisa onomngcipheko omkhulu, soloko unxiba imaski yothuli kwaye ungatshayi. Unokufuna kwakhona ukusebenzisa olunye ukhuseleko olucetyiswa yi-OSHA, njengomphefumli.

Isilicosis ebukhali; I-silicosis engapheliyo; Ukukhawuleza kwe-silicosis; Ukuqhubela phambili kwe-fibrosis enkulu; Ingxubevange yesilosis; Isilicoproteinosis

• Imiphunga yomsebenzi wamalahle - i-x-ray yesifuba
• Abasebenzi bamalahle i-pneumoconiosis-inqanaba II
• Abasebenzi bamalahle i-pneumoconiosis-inqanaba II
• Amalahle abasebenzi pneumoconiosis, nzima
• Inkqubo yokuphefumla

UCowie RL, u-Becklake MR. Iinyumoniya. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; Ngo-2016: isahluko 73.

I-Tarlo SM. Isifo semiphunga emsebenzini. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 93.