Craniopharyngioma

I-craniopharyngioma sisifo esingenamhlaza (esibi) esikhulela emazantsi engqondo kufutshane nedlala yebhinqa.

Oyena nobangela weli thumba awaziwa.

Eli thumba lihlala lichaphazela abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10 ubudala. Abantu abadala ngamanye amaxesha banokuchaphazeleka. Amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana ngokulinganayo kunokwenzeka ukuba bakhule eli thumba.

I-Craniopharyngioma ibangela iimpawu ngo:

• Ukonyusa uxinzelelo kwingqondo, ihlala ivela kwi-hydrocephalus
• Ukuphazamisa ukuveliswa kwehomoni ngendlala yebhinqa
• Uxinzelelo okanye ukonakala kwimbilini ye-optic

Ukunyusa uxinzelelo kwingqondo kunokubangela:

• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Isicaphucaphu
• Ukuphalaza (ngakumbi kusasa)

Ukonakala kwendlala yebhinqa kubangela ukungalingani kwehomoni okukhokelela kunxano olugqithisileyo kunye nokuchama, kunye nokukhula kancinci.

Xa imithambo-luvo ye-optic yonakele ngenxa yethumba, kuvela iingxaki zombono. Ezi ziphene zihlala zisisigxina. Banokuba mandundu emva kotyando lokususa ithumba.

Iingxaki zokuziphatha kunye nokufunda zinokubakho.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Kuya kwenziwa iimvavanyo ukukhangela ithumba. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukulinganisa amanqanaba ehomoni
• Ukuskena kwe-CT okanye ukuskena kweMRI kwengqondo
• Uvavanyo lwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo

Injongo yonyango kukhulula iimpawu. Ngokwesiqhelo, utyando ibilolona nyango luphambili lwe-craniopharyngioma. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lwe-radiation endaweni yotyando okanye kunye notyando oluncinci kunokuba lolona khetho lulungileyo kwabanye abantu.

Kwizicubu ezingenakususwa ngokupheleleyo ngotyando lodwa, kusetyenziswa unyango lwemitha.Ukuba ithumba inokubonakala kweklasikhi kwi-CT scan, i-biopsy isenokungafuneki ukuba unyango ngemitha yodwa icwangcisiwe.

I-radiosurgery ye-stereotactic yenziwa kwamanye amaziko ezonyango.

Eli thumba liphathwa kakuhle kwiziko elinamava kunyango lwe-craniopharyngiomas.

Ngokubanzi, umbono ulungile. Kukho ama-80% ukuya kuma-90% ithuba lokunyanga ukuba ithumba linokususwa ngokupheleleyo ngotyando okanye linyangwe ngamayeza aphezulu emitha. Ukuba ithumba liyabuya, liya kuhlala libuya kwiminyaka emi-2 yokuqala emva kotyando.

Imbonakalo ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya:

• Ingaba i-tumor ingasuswa ngokupheleleyo
• Yeyiphi ingxaki yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo kunye nokungalingani kwehormoni ithumba kunye nonyango

Uninzi lweengxaki ezinamahomoni kunye nokubona akuphucuki kunyango. Ngamanye amaxesha, unyango lunokubenza babi ngakumbi.

Kukho i-hormone yexesha elide, umbono, kunye neengxaki zesistim se-nervous emva kokuphathwa kwe-craniopharyngioma.

Xa ithumba lingasuswanga ngokupheleleyo, imeko inokubuya.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ngezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Intloko, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, okanye iingxaki zokulinganisela (iimpawu zoxinzelelo olonyukayo kwingqondo)
• Ukwanda ukoma kunye nokuchama
• Ukukhula kakubi kumntwana
• Umbono utshintsha

• Amadlala endocrine

Isyne DM. I-Physiology kunye nokuphazamiseka kokufikisa. Ku: UMelmed S, uAuchus RJ, uGoldfine AB, uKoenig RJ, uRosen CJ, ii-eds. Incwadi ebhaliweyo kaWilliam ye-Endocrinology. Umhla we-14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 26.

I-Suh JH, i-Chao ST, i-Murphy ES, ii-Recinos PF. Amathumba ebhinqa kunye ne-craniopharyngiomas. Ku: Tepper JE, Foote RL, Michalski JM, ii-eds. Gunderson kunye neTepper's Clinical Radiation Oncology. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 34.

UZaky W, Ater JL, Khatua S.Izilonda zobuchopho ebuntwaneni. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 524.