Izixhobo zokuphulukana nendlebe

Ukuba uhlala nokulahlekelwa kukuva, uyazi ukuba kuthatha umgudu owongezelelweyo ukunxibelelana nabanye.

Zininzi izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezinokuphucula ukukwazi kwakho ukunxibelelana. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kuwe nakwabo bakungqongileyo. Ezi zixhobo zinokubuphucula ubomi bakho ngeendlela ezininzi.

• Ungakuphepha ukuba wedwa ekuhlaleni.
• Ungahlala uzimele ngakumbi.
• Ungakhuseleka naphi na apho ukhoyo.

Uncedo lokuva sisixhobo esincinci se-elektroniki esilingana nendlebe yakho okanye ngasemva. Yandisa izandi ukuze ukwazi ukunxibelelana kwaye uthathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Uncedo lokuva lunamacandelo amathathu. Izandi zifunyenwe ngemakrofoni eguqula amaza esandi abe ngumqondiso wombane othunyelwa kwisandisi. Isandisi sokwandisa amandla emiqondiso kwaye siyithumele endlebeni ngesithethi.

Zintathu iindlela zokuncedisa ukuva:

• Emva kwendlebe (BTE). Izinto ze-elektroniki zoncedo lokuva ziqulathwe kwityala elilukhuni leplastiki elinxitywa emva kwendlebe. Idityaniswe nembumba yendlebe engena kwindlebe engaphandle. Iiprojekthi zokubumba iindlebe zivakala ukusuka kuncedo lokuva uye endlebeni. Kwindlela entsha yokuncedisa ukuva evulekileyo, isixhobo esingasemva kwendlebe asisebenzisi ukungunda kwendlebe. Endaweni yoko idityaniswe kumbhobho omncinci ongena kumngxuma wendlebe.
• Endlebeni (i-ITE). Ngolu hlobo loncedo lokuva, imeko yeplastikhi elukhuni ephethe i-elektroniki ilingana ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kwendlebe engaphandle. Izixhobo zokuva ze-ITE zinokusebenzisa i-coil ye-elektroniki ebizwa ngokuba yi-telecoil ukufumana isandi kunombhobho. Oku kwenza ukuva ngomnxeba kube lula.
• Izinto zokuncedisa ukuva ngomsele. Ezi zixhobo zokuva zenziwe ukuba zilingane ubungakanani kunye nokumila kwendlebe yomntu. Ngokupheleleyo-in-canal (CIC) izixhobo zifihlwe ikakhulu kumsele wendlebe.

Isazi ngomsindo siya kukunceda ukhethe isixhobo esifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho zokuva kunye nendlela ophila ngayo.

Xa izandi ezininzi zixubene egumbini, kunzima ukukhetha izandi ofuna ukuziva. Itekhnoloji yokunceda inceda abantu abanengxaki yokuva ukuba bakuqonde oko kuthethwayo kwaye banxibelelane ngokulula. Ezi zixhobo zizisa izandi ezithile ngokuthe ngqo ezindlebeni zakho. Oku kunokuphucula ukuva kwakho kwincoko yabanye okanye kumagumbi okufundela nakwiithiyetha. Izixhobo ezininzi zokumamela ngoku zisebenza ngekhonkco engenazingcingo kwaye zinokunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo kuncedo lwakho lokuva okanye ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear.

Iindidi zezixhobo zokumamela ngoncedo zibandakanya:

• Ukuva iluphu. Obu buchwephesha buquka intambo encinci yocingo ejikeleza igumbi. Umthombo wesandi onje ngemakrofoni, inkqubo yedilesi kawonke-wonke, okanye umabonwakude wasekhaya okanye umnxeba uhambisa isandi esandisiweyo kwilogo. Amandla ombane osuka kwilogu athathwa sisixhobo sokufumana kwisamkeli sokuvula okanye ngetelecoil kuncedo lokuva.
• Iinkqubo ze-FM. Obu buchwephesha buhlala busetyenziswa kwigumbi lokufundela. Isebenzisa imiqondiso kanomathotholo ukuthumela izandi ezandisiweyo ezivela kwimakrofoni encinci enxitywe ngumhlohli, ethi ithathwe ngumamkeli lowo unxitywa ngumfundi. Isandi sinokudluliselwa kwi-telecoil ngoncedo lokuva okanye ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear ngendlela yomtya wentamo umntu ayinxibileyo.
• Iinkqubo ze-infrared. Isandi siguqulwa sibe yimiqondiso ekhanyayo ethunyelwa kumamkeli enxibe umphulaphuli. Njengakwisiqu se-FM, abantu abanezinto zokuncedisa ukuva okanye ukufakelwa ngetelecoil banokuwuthabatha umqondiso ngentambo yentamo.
• Izikhulisi zomntu. Ezi yunithi ziqulathe ibhokisi encinci malunga nobungakanani beselfowuni eyandisa isandi kwaye inciphise ingxolo yangasemva kumphulaphuli. Ezinye zineemakrofoni ezinokubekwa kufutshane nomthombo wesandi. Isandi esiphuculweyo sithathwa ngumamkeli njengehedsethi okanye ii-earbuds.

Izixhobo zokwazisa zikunceda wazi izandi, ezinje ngentsimbi yokungena emnyango okanye ifowuni ekhalayo. Banokukwazisa ngezinto ezenzekayo kufutshane, ezinje ngomlilo, umntu ongena ekhayeni lakho, okanye umsebenzi wosana lwakho. Ezi zixhobo zikuthumela umqondiso onokuwuqonda. Umqondiso unokuba kukukhanya okudanyazayo, uphondo, okanye ukungcangcazela.

Zininzi izixhobo ezinokukunceda umamele kwaye uthethe ngomnxeba. Izixhobo ezibizwa ngokuba zizi-amplifiers zenza isandi ngakumbi. Ezinye iifowuni zinezikhulisi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi. Unako kwakhona ukuncamathelisa isandisi-lizwi kwifowuni yakho. Ezinye zinokuphathwa kunye nawe, ukuze uzisebenzise ngayo nayiphi na ifowuni.

Ezinye izandisi-lizwi zigcinwa ecaleni kwendlebe. Izinto ezininzi zokuncedisa ukuva zisebenza ngezi zixhobo kodwa zinokufuna useto olukhethekileyo.

Ezinye izixhobo zenza kube lula ukusebenzisa uncedo lwakho lokuva ngentambo yefowuni yedijithali. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka okuthile.

Iinkonzo zonxibelelwano ngomnxeba (i-TRS) zivumela abantu abanengxaki yokungeva kakuhle ukuba benze iifowuni ezisemgangathweni. Iifowuni zombhalo, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-TTYs okanye ii-TTD, zivumela ukuthayipha imiyalezo ngomnxeba kunokuba usebenzise ilizwi. Ukuba umntu kwelinye icala unokuva, umyalezo ochwetheziweyo uhanjiswa njengomyalezo welizwi.

IZiko leLizwe leZithulu kunye nezinye iingxaki zokuNxibelelana (NIDCD) iwebhusayithi. Izixhobo zokunceda abantu abanendlebe, ilizwi, intetho, okanye ukuphazamiseka kolwimi. www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/assistive-devices-people-aring-voice-speech-or-language-disorders. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-Matshi 6, 2017. Kufikeleleke ngoJuni 16, 2019.

IZiko leLizwe leZithulu kunye nezinye iingxaki zokuNxibelelana (NIDCD) iwebhusayithi. Izinto zokuncedisa ukuva. www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing-aids. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-Matshi 6, 2017. Kufikeleleke ngoJuni 16, 2019.

I-Stach BA, iRamachandran V. ukuva ngoncedo lokuva. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 162.

• UNcedo lokuva