Isifo seswekile esiphakathi

I-Central insipidus yeswekile yimeko enqabileyo ebandakanya ukunxanwa okugqithisileyo kunye nokuchama okugqithisileyo.

Isifo seswekile i-insipidus (DI) yimeko engaqhelekanga apho izintso zingakwaziyo ukuthintela ukuphuma kwamanzi. I-DI sisifo esahlukileyo kunesifo seswekile, nangona bobabini babelana ngeempawu eziqhelekileyo zokuchama kakhulu kunye nokunxanwa.

Isifo seswekile esiphakathi i-insipidus luhlobo lwe-DI olwenzeka xa umzimba unexabiso eliphantsi kuneliqhelekileyo lehomoni ye-antidiuretic hormone (ADH). I-ADH ibizwa ngokuba yi-vasopressin. I-ADH iveliswa kwinxalenye yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yihypothalamus. I-ADH iyagcinwa ize ikhutshwe kwindlala yebhinqa. Le yindlala encinci emazantsi engqondo.

I-ADH ilawula inani lamanzi aphume kumchamo. Ngaphandle kwe-ADH, izintso azisebenzi kakuhle ukugcina amanzi aneleyo emzimbeni. Isiphumo kukulahleka okukhawulezileyo kwamanzi emzimbeni ngohlobo lokuchama komchamo. Oku kubangela isidingo sokusela isixa esikhulu samanzi ngenxa yonxano olugqithisileyo kunye nokwenza indawo yokulahleka kwamanzi okugqithisileyo kumchamo (i-10 ukuya kwi-15 yeelitha ngosuku).

Inqanaba elincitshisiweyo le-ADH linokubangelwa ngumonakalo kwi-hypothalamus okanye kwi-pituitary gland. Lo monakalo unokubangelwa luqhaqho, usulelo, ukudumba, ithumba, okanye ukwenzakala kwengqondo.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, isifo sikashukela esiphakathi esibangelwa yingxaki yemfuza.

Iimpawu zesifo seswekile esiphakathi ziquka:

• Ukwanda kwemveliso yomchamo
• Ukunxanwa okugqithisileyo
• Ukudideka kunye notshintsho kulumkiso ngenxa yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kwaye ngaphezulu kwenqanaba lesodium eliqhelekileyo emzimbeni, ukuba umntu akakwazi ukusela

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kubuza malunga nembali yakho yonyango kunye neempawu.

Uvavanyo olunoku-odolwa lubandakanya:

• Igazi lesodium kunye ne-osmolarity
• Umceli mngeni we-Desmopressin (DDAVP)
• I-MRI yentloko
• Uhlalutyo lomchamo
• Umchamo woxinzelelo
• Iziphumo zomchamo

Unobangela wale meko iphantsi uya kunyangwa.

IVasopressin (desmopressin, i-DDAVP) inikwa njengokutshiza ngeempumlo, iipilisi, okanye inaliti. Oku kulawula ukuphuma komchamo kunye nokulinganisela kolwelo kunye nokuthintela ukomisa.

Kwiimeko ezinobulali, ukusela amanzi ngakumbi kunokuba yiyo yonke into efunekayo. Ukuba ulawulo lokunxanwa komzimba alusebenzi (umzekelo, ukuba i-hypothalamus yonakele), amayeza esixa esithile samanzi anokufunwa nawo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufudumeza okufanelekileyo.

Iziphumo zixhomekeke kwisizathu. Ukuba uyanyangwa, i-insipidus yeswekile esembindini ayibangeli ngxaki okanye ibangele ukufa kwangethuba.

Ukungaseli ngokwaneleyo ulwelo kunokukhokelela ekuphelelweni ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokungalingani kwe-electrolyte.

Xa uthatha i-vasopressin kunye nokulawulwa kukanxano komzimba wakho akuqhelekanga, ukusela ulwelo oluninzi kunokuba umzimba wakho ufuna kunokubangela ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte eyingozi.

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho ukuba uhlakulela iimpawu zesifo seswekile esiphakathi.

Ukuba unesifo sikashukela esisisifo i-insipidus, nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho ukuba uchama rhoqo okanye ubuya kakhulu.

Uninzi lwamatyala anokuthinteleka. Ukunyangwa ngokukhawuleza kwezifo, izicubu kunye nokulimala kunokunciphisa umngcipheko.

Isifo seswekile insipidus - kumbindi; Isifo seswekile se-neurogenic insipidus

• Imveliso yehypothalamus hormone

UBrimioulle S. Isifo seswekile insipidus. Ku: Vincent JL, Abraham E, Moore FA, PM Kochanek, Fink MP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo soKhathalelo oluBalulekileyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 150.

UGiustina A, uFrara S, uSpina A, uMortini P.Ihypothalamus. Ku: Melmed S, ed. Indawo yePituitary. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 9.

UMoritz ML, uAyus JC. Isifo seswekile i-insipidus kunye ne-syndrome ye-antidiuretic hormone engafanelekanga. Ku: Singh AK, Williams GH, ii-eds. Incwadi ye-Nephro-Endocrinology. Ngomhla wesi-2.IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 8.