Ukwamkela uxinzelelo kulutsha

Umntu omnye kwabahlanu kulutsha unedepression ngaxa lithile. Umntwana wakho unokuxinezeleka ukuba uziva ulusizi, uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, awonwabanga, okanye ezantsi kulahla. Uxinzelelo yingxaki enkulu, ngakumbi ukuba ezi mvakalelo zithathe ubomi babantwana bakho abakwishumi elivisayo.

Umntwana wakho usemngciphekweni wokudakumba ukuba:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokusebenza kusapho lwakho.
• Banamava obomi oxinzelelo njengokufa kusapho, uqhawulo-mtshato lwabazali, ukuxhatshazwa, ukwahlukana nesoka okanye intombi, okanye ukusilela esikolweni.
• Banokuzithemba okuphantsi kwaye bagxeka kakhulu kubo.
• Intombazana yakho intombazana. Amantombazana akwishumi elivisayo aphindwe kabini kunamakhwenkwe kuxinzelelo.
• Umntwana wakho okwishumi elivisayo unengxaki ekuhlaleni.
• Umntwana wakho okhubazekileyo unengxaki yokufunda.
• Umntwana wakho unesifo esinganyangekiyo.
• Kukho iingxaki zosapho okanye iingxaki nabazali babo.

Ukuba umntwana wakho uxinezelekile, unokubona ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zokudakumba. Ukuba ezi mpawu zihlala iiveki ezi-2 okanye ngaphezulu, thetha nogqirha wakho.

• Ukucaphuka rhoqo kunye nokugqabhuka komsindo ngesiquphe.
• Unomdla ngakumbi ekugxekweni.
• Izikhalazo zentloko, isisu esibuhlungu okanye ezinye iingxaki zomzimba. Umntwana wakho okwishumi elivisayo unokuya kakhulu kwi-ofisi yomongikazi esikolweni.
• Ukurhoxa kubantu abanjengabazali okanye ezinye izihlobo.
• Abayonwabeli imisebenzi abaqhele ukuyithanda.
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe ixesha elininzi losuku.
• Iimvakalelo ezibuhlungu okanye eziluhlaza ixesha elininzi.

Qaphela utshintsho kwindlela yakho yemihla ngemihla yolutsha enokuba luphawu loxinzelelo. Iinkqubo zakho zemihla ngemihla yolutsha zingatshintsha xa zixinezelekile. Unokuqaphela ukuba umntwana wakho okwishumi elivisayo:

• Ingxaki yokulala okanye ukulala ngaphezu kwesiqhelo
• Utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo, njengokungalambi okanye ukungatyi kakhulu kunesiqhelo
• Ixesha elinzima lokugxila
• Iingxaki zokwenza izigqibo

Utshintsho kwindlela umntwana wakho aziphethe ngayo lunokuba luphawu loxinzelelo. Banokuba neengxaki ekhaya okanye esikolweni:

• Ukuhla kumabanga esikolweni, ukuya esikolweni, ungenzi umsebenzi wesikolo
• Ukuziphatha okuyingozi enkulu, njengokuqhuba ngokungakhathali, ukwabelana ngesondo okungakhuselekanga, okanye ukweba ezivenkileni
• Ukurhoxa usapho kunye nabahlobo kwaye uchitha ixesha elininzi wedwa
• Ukusela okanye ukusebenzisa iziyobisi

Abaselula abanexinzelelo banokufumana:

• Ukuxhalaba
• Ukuqwalaselwa kwentsilelo yokuchaphazeleka kwengqondo (ADHD)
• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukuphazamiseka kwindlela yokutya (i-bulimia okanye i-anorexia)

Ukuba unenkxalabo yokuba umntwana wakho uxinezelekile, jonga umboneleli wezempilo. Umboneleli angenza uvavanyo lomzimba kunye noku-odola uvavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho akanangxaki yezonyango.

Umboneleli kufuneka athethe nomntwana wakho malunga:

• Ukudakumba, ukuba nochuku, okanye ukuphulukana nomdla kwizinto eziqhelekileyo
• Iimpawu zezinye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo, ezinje ngexhala, imania, okanye i-schizophrenia
• Umngcipheko wokuzibulala okanye obunye ubundlobongela nokuba umntwana wakho uyingozi kubo okanye kwabanye

Umboneleli kufuneka abuze malunga nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi okanye utywala. Ulutsha oludandathekileyo lusemngciphekweni woku:

• Ukusela kakhulu
• Intsangu rhoqo (imbiza) ukutshaya
• Olunye usetyenziso lweziyobisi

Umboneleli unokuthetha namanye amalungu osapho okanye ootitshala bakho abakwishumi elivisayo. Aba bantu banokuhlala benceda ekuboneni iimpawu zoxinzelelo kulutsha.

Lumkela nayiphi na imiqondiso yezicwangciso zokuzibulala. Qaphela ukuba umntwana wakho okwishumi elivisayo:

• Ukunika abanye izinto
• Ukuvalelisa kusapho kunye nabahlobo
• Ukuthetha ngokufa okanye ukuzibulala
• Ukubhala ngokufa okanye ukuzibulala
• Ukuba notshintsho kubuntu
• Ukuthatha umngcipheko omkhulu
• Ukurhoxa kwaye ufuna ukuba yedwa

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho okanye umnxeba wokuzibulala ngoko nangoko ukuba unexhala lokuba umntwana wakho ucinga ngokuzibulala. Ungaze uyityeshele isoyikiso sokuzibulala okanye umzamo.

Tsalela umnxeba ku-1-800-ukuzibulala okanye 1-800-999-9999. Ungatsalela umnxeba 24/7 naphi na eUnited States.

Uninzi lwabakwishumi elivisayo ngamanye amaxesha luyadana. Ukufumana inkxaso kunye nezakhono ezifanelekileyo zokujamelana nokunceda ulutsha kumaxesha aphantsi.

Thetha nomntwana wakho rhoqo. Babuze ngeemvakalelo zabo. Ukuthetha ngoxinzelelo akuzukuyenza mandundu imeko, kwaye kunokubanceda ukuba bafumane uncedo kwakamsinya.

Fumana uncedo lwakho lobuchwephesha kulutsha ukuze ujongane neemood eziphantsi. Ukunyanga uxinzelelo kwangoko kunokubanceda bazive bebhetele kwangoko, kwaye kunokuthintela okanye ukulibazisa iziqendu ezizayo.

Fowunela umboneleli wakho, ukuba uthe waphawula oku kulandelayo kulutsha lwakho:

• Uxinzelelo aluphucuki okanye luya lusiba mandundu
• Ixhala, ukucaphuka, ukonwaba, okanye ukungalali okutsha okanye kuya kusiba mandundu
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza

Umbutho wezengqondo zaseMelika. Uxinzelelo olukhulu lokudakumba. Unyango woNyango kunye neNgcaciso yeNcwadi yokuPhazamiseka kwengqondo: DSM-5. Umhla we-5. IArlington, VA: Ukupapashwa kwengqondo yaseMelika; Ngo-2013: 160-168.

I-Bostic JQ, iNkosana JB, iBuxton DC. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo. Ku: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, ii-eds. Isibhedlele saseMassachusetts Jikelele esiBanzi seNyango yoNyango. Ngomhla wesi-2. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 69.

Siu AL; Umsebenzi woKhuseleko kwi-US. Ukuvavanywa koxinzelelo kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo: Isiteyitimenti sokuNyanzelwa kweeNkonzo zoThintelo. UAnn Intern Med. Ngo-2016; 164 (5): 360-366. IINKCUKACHA: 26858097 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26858097.

• Uxinzelelo kulutsha
• Impilo Yengqondo Yolutsha