Ukungabikho

Ukungabikho koxinzelelo lixesha lohlobo lokubanjwa kubandakanya ukubonwa. Olu hlobo lokuthimba lufutshane (ihlala ingaphantsi kwemizuzwana eli-15) ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwengqondo ngenxa yemisebenzi yombane engaqhelekanga kwingqondo.

Ukuhluthwa kubangelwa kukungasebenzi kwengqondo. Ukungabikho koxinzelelo kwenzeka rhoqo kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-20, ngesiqhelo kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-4 ukuya kweli-12.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuxhuzula kubangelwa zizibane ezidanyazayo okanye xa umntu ephefumla ngokukhawuleza nangakumbi kunesiqhelo (iihyperventilates).

Zingavela nezinye iintlobo zokubanjwa, ezinjengokubanjwa kwe-tonic-clonic ngokubanzi (ukuxhuzula okungathethekiyo), ukujija okanye ijezi (myoclonus), okanye ukuphulukana ngesiquphe namandla emisipha (ukubanjwa kwe-atonic).

Uninzi lokungabikho koxinzelelo kuhlala kuphela imizuzwana embalwa. Bahlala bebandakanya ukujonga iziqendu. Iziqendu zinokuthi:

• Yenzeka amaxesha amaninzi ngemini
• Yenzeka iiveki ukuya kwiinyanga ngaphambi kokuba uqaphele
• Ukuphazamisa isikolo kunye nokufunda
• Yenza impazamo ngokungabikho kwengqwalaselo, ukuphupha okanye ezinye iindlela zokuziphatha gwenxa

Ubunzima obungachazwanga esikolweni kunye nobunzima bokufunda inokuba luphawu lokuqala lokungabikho.

Ngexesha lokuthimba, umntu anga:

• Yeka ukuhamba kwaye uqale kwakhona kwimizuzwana embalwa kamva
• Yeka ukuthetha phakathi kwesivakalisi kwaye uqale kwakhona kwimizuzwana embalwa kamva

Umntu uhlala engawi ngexesha lokuthimba.

Kanye emva kokubanjwa, umntu uhlala:

• Uvuke gede
• Ukucinga ngokucacileyo
• Ungazi ngokubanjwa

Iimpawu ezithile zokubanjwa okungabikho kunokubandakanya:

• Utshintsho kwimisipha, njengokungashukumi, ukubambana ngesandla, ukubetha kweenkophe, ukubetha komlomo, ukuhlafuna
• Utshintsho kulumkiso (ukwazi), njengokujonga iziqendu, ukungazi malunga nendawo, ukumisa ngesiquphe ukuhamba, ukuthetha, kunye neminye imisebenzi yokuvuka

Olunye uhlaselo lokungabikho luqala kancinci kwaye luhlala ixesha elide. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukungabikho komzimba okungaqhelekanga. Iimpawu ziyafana nokubanjwa rhoqo kokungabikho, kodwa utshintsho kwimisipha lunokubonakala ngakumbi.

Ugqirha uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Oku kuyakubandakanya ukujonga okunzulu kubuchwephesha nakwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo.

Kuya kwenziwa i-EEG (electroencephalogram) ukukhangela umbane kwingqondo. Abantu abanokuxhuzula bahlala benomsebenzi ongaqhelekanga wombane kolu vavanyo. Kwezinye iimeko, uvavanyo lubonisa indawo kwingqondo apho ukuxhuzula kuqala khona. Ingqondo inokubonakala iqhelekile emva kokubanjwa okanye phakathi kokubanjwa.

Iimvavanyo zegazi zinokuyalelwa ukuba zikhangele ezinye iingxaki zempilo ezinokubangela ukubanjwa.

Intloko ye-CT okanye i-MRI scan inokwenziwa ukufumana unobangela kunye nendawo yengxaki kwingqondo.

Unyango lokungabikho kokungabikho kubandakanya amayeza, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila yabantu abadala kunye nabantwana, ezinje ngomsebenzi kunye nokutya, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha utyando. Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela ngakumbi ngezi ndlela unokukhetha kuzo.

Ukubamba - petit mal; Ukuhlutha - ukungabikho; Petit mal ukubanjwa; Ukuxhuzula-ukungabikho kokubanjwa

• Ukuxhuzula kubantu abadala - yintoni ekufuneka uyibuze kugqirha wakho
• Ukuxhuzula ebantwaneni-yintoni ekufuneka uyibuze kugqirha wakho

• Ingqondo

UAbou-Khalil BW, uGallagher MJ, uMacdonald RL. Ukuxhuzula. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahl. 101.

UKanner AM, uAshman E, uGloss D, et al. Isikhokelo sokuziqhelanisa nesishwankathelo sokuhlaziya: Ukusebenza kunye nokunyamezelwa kwamachiza amatsha okulwa nesifo sokuwa I: Unyango lwesifo sokuwa esitsha: Ingxelo yoPhuhliso lweZikhokelo, ukuSasazwa, kunye neNkqutyana yokuPhumeza yeAmerican Academy ye-Neurology kunye neAmerican Epilepsy Society. Neurology. NgoJanuwari 2018; 91 (2): 74-81. IINKCUKACHA: 29898971 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29898971/.

UMarcdante KJ, uKliegman RM. Ukuxhuzula. Ku: UMarcdante KJ, uKliegman RM, ii-eds. UNelson oBalulekileyo kwiPediatrics. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 181.

I-Wiebe S. Ukuxhuzula. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 375.