Intloko yentloko

Intloko ebumbeneyo luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwentloko.Iintlungu zentloko enye ezinokuthi zibandakanye ukukrazuka kwamehlo, ijwabu leso, kunye nempumlo exineneyo. Uhlaselo luhlala ukusuka kwimizuzu eli-15 ukuya kwiiyure ezi-3, lwenzeka yonke imihla okanye phantse yonke imihla kangangeeveki okanye iinyanga. Uhlaselo lwahlulwe ngamaxesha angenazintlungu ahlala ubuncinci kwinyanga enye okanye nangaphezulu.

Intloko zeCluster zinokudideka nezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zentloko ezinje nge-migraines, intloko yesinus, kunye nentloko ebuhlungu.

Oogqirha abazi ncam ukuba yintoni ebangela iintloko zentloko ezisebenzisanayo. Kubonakala ngathi zihambelana nokukhululwa komzimba ngequbuliso kwe-histamine (imichiza emzimbeni ekhutshwe ngexesha lokuphendula okungafunekiyo) okanye i-serotonin (imichiza eyenziwe ziiseli zemithambo-luvo) kwindawo yovalo ebusweni olubizwa ngokuba luvo lwe-trigeminal nerve. Ingxaki kwindawo encinci emazantsi engqondo ebizwa ngokuba yihypothalamus inokuba nenxaxheba.

Amadoda amaninzi kunabafazi achaphazelekayo. Intloko zinokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, kodwa zixhaphake kakhulu kwiminyaka yama-20 ukuya kwiminyaka ephakathi. Bavame ukubaleka kwiintsapho.

Iintloko zentloko ezisebenzisanayo zinokubangelwa:

• Utywala kunye necuba
• Iindawo eziphakamileyo (ukuhamba kunye nokuhamba komoya)
• Ukukhanya okukhanyayo (kubandakanya ukukhanya kwelanga)
• Ukuzilolonga (umthambo)
• Ubushushu (imozulu eshushu okanye iibhafu ezishushu)
• Ukutya okuphezulu kwii-nitrites (ibhekoni kunye nenyama egciniweyo)
• Amayeza athile
• Cocaine

Intloko ebumbeneyo iqala njengentloko ebukhali, ngequbuliso. Intloko ihlala ihlasela iiyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kokuba ulele. Kodwa inokwenzeka kwakhona xa uvukile. Intloko ihlala yenzeka mihla le ngexesha elinye losuku. Ukuhlaselwa kunokuhlala iinyanga. Banokutshintsha ngamanye amaxesha ngaphandle kwentloko (episodic) okanye banokuqhubeka unyaka okanye nangaphezulu ngaphandle kokuyeka (okungapheliyo).

Iintlungu zentloko yesiqhelo zihlala:

• Ukutsha, ukubukhali, ukugwaza, okanye ukuzinza
• Yijonge kwicala elinye lobuso ukusuka entanyeni ukuya etempileni, ihlala ibandakanya iliso
• Okona kubi phakathi kwemizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-10, iintlungu ezinamandla zihlala imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwiiyure ezimbini

Xa iliso kunye nempumlo kwelinye icala njengentlungu yentloko zichaphazeleka, iimpawu zinokubandakanya:

• Ukuvuvukala ngaphantsi okanye ngeenxa zonke iliso (kunokuchaphazela amehlo omabini)
• Ukukrazula okugqithisileyo
• Iliso elibomvu
• Ijwabu leso
• Impumlo egijimayo okanye impumlo exineneyo kwicala elinye njengentloko yentlungu
• Ubomvu, ubuso obunamanzi, ukubila okugqithisileyo

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokulufumanisa olu hlobo lwentloko ngokwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kunye nokubuza malunga neempawu zakho kunye nembali yezonyango.

Ukuba uvavanyo lomzimba lwenziwa ngexesha lokuhlaselwa, uvavanyo luya kuthi lubonakalise isifo se-Horner (icala elinye lecala lejwabu leso okanye umfundi omncinci). Ezi mpawu azizubakho ngamanye amaxesha. Alukho olunye utshintsho lwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo oluya kubonakala.

Uvavanyo, olunjengeMRI yentloko, lunokufuneka ukuze kuthintelwe ezinye izizathu zentloko.

Unyango lweentloko zentloko lubandakanya:

• Amayeza ukunyanga iintlungu xa zisenzeka
• Amayeza okuthintela iintloko

UKUNYANGELWA KWEZINTLOKO ZEKLASTER XA ZIBONAKALA

Umboneleli wakho unokucebisa ngezi ndlela zonyango zilandelayo xa zisenzeka iintloko:

• Amayeza e-Triptan, anje nge sumatriptan (Imitrex).
• Amachiza alwa nokudumba (i-steroid) anje nge-prednisone. Ukuqala ngedosi ephezulu, emva koko uyinciphise kancinci ngaphezulu kweeveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3.
• Ukuphefumla kwi-100% (ecocekileyo) ioksijini.
• Inaliti ye-dihydroergotamine (DHE), enokuthintela uhlaselo lweqela phakathi kwemizuzu emi-5 (Isilumkiso: eli chiza linokuba yingozi xa lithathwa nge-sumatriptan)

Unokufuna ngaphezulu kolunye lonyango ukulawula intloko yakho. Umboneleli wakho unokuzama amayeza aliqela ngaphambi kokuthatha isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi eyona ilungele wena.

Amayeza obuhlungu kunye neziyobisi azihlali zikhupha iintlungu zentloko kuba zithatha ixesha elide ukuba zisebenze.

Unyango lotyando lunokucetyiswa kuwe xa zonke ezinye iindlela zonyango zisilele. Olunye unyango olunjalo yi-neurostimulator. Esi sixhobo sihambisa imiqondiso emincinci yombane kwimithambo-luvo ethile enje nge-occipital nerve kwi-scalp. Umboneleli wakho unokukuxelela ngakumbi malunga notyando.

UKUTHINTELA IZINTLOKO ZEEKLASTA

Kunqande ukutshaya, ukusebenzisa utywala, ukutya okuthile, kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela iintloko zakho. Idayari yentloko inokukunceda uchonge iintloko zakho. Xa uqaqanjelwa yintloko, bhala phantsi oku kulandelayo:

• Imini nexesha kwaqala iintlungu
• Oko ukutyileyo nokusela kwezi 24 zidlulileyo iiyure
• Ulele kangakanani
• Into ubuyenza kwaye ubuphi kanye kanye phambi kokuba iintlungu ziqale
• Ithathe ixesha elingakanani intloko kwaye yintoni eyenze ukuba iyekwe

Ukuphonononga idayari yakho kunye nomboneleli wakho ukuba achonge izinto ezibangela okanye iphethini kwintloko yakho. Oku kunokukunceda wena kunye nomboneleli wakho wenze isicwangciso sonyango. Ukwazi izinto zakho ezinokubangela kunokukunceda uziphephe.

Intloko zingahamba zodwa okanye ungadinga unyango ukubathintela. La mayeza alandelayo anokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga okanye ukuthintela iimpawu zentloko:

• Amayeza okwaliwa
• Ukudakumba
• Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi
• Amayeza okuhlutha

Intloko ezibuhlungu zeCluster azisongeli ubomi. Ngokuqhelekileyo azibangeli utshintsho olusisigxina kwingqondo. Kodwa zihlala ixesha elide (ezingapheliyo), kwaye zihlala zibuhlungu ngokwaneleyo ukuba zingaphazamisa umsebenzi kunye nobomi.

Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 ukuba:

• Uhlangabezana "nentloko ebuhlungu ebomini bakho."
• Unentetho, umbono, okanye iingxaki zokuhamba okanye ukulahleka kokulinganisela, ngakumbi ukuba awuzange ube nazo ezi mpawu ngentloko ngaphambili.
• Intloko iqala ngequbuliso.

Cwangcisa ixesha lokuqeshwa okanye ubize umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Iphethini yakho yentloko okanye utshintsho lwentlungu.
• Unyango obukade lusebenza alusancedi.
• Uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kumayeza akho.
• Ukhulelwe okanye unokukhulelwa. Amanye amayeza akufuneki asetyenziswe ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Kufuneka uthathe amayeza entlungu ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezi-3 ngeveki.
• Intloko yakho iqatha xa ulala phantsi.

Ukuba uyatshaya, ngoku lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuba uyeke. Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunye nako nakuphi na ukutya okubangela iintloko zentloko kunokufuna ukuthintelwa. Amayeza anokuthintela ukungqubana kwentloko yesihloko kwezinye iimeko.

Intloko yentloko; Intloko ebuhlungu - i-histamine; I-neuralgia yokufuduka; Intloko - iklasta; Intloko kaHorton; Intloko ebuhlungu - iqela; Intloko yesifo se-episodic; Intloko yesifo esinganyangekiyo

• Intloko-yintoni ekufuneka ubuze ugqirha wakho

• Ingqondo
• IHypothalamus
• Unobangela weentloko
• Intlungu yesifo sekhanda

UGarza I, uSchwedt TJ, uRobertson CE, uSmith JH. Intloko kunye nezinye iintlungu ze-craniofacial. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahl. 103.

IHoffmann J, ngoMeyi A.Ukuchongwa, isifo se-pathophysiology, kunye nolawulo lwentloko yeqela. ILancet Neurol. 2018; 17 (1): 75-83. IINKCUKACHA: 29174963 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29174963.

IJm yaseRozental. Intlobo yentloko yoxinzelelo, iintlungu ezingapheliyo, kunye nezinye iintlobo zentloko ezingapheliyo. Ku: I-Benzon HT, i-Raja SN, i-Liu SS, i-Fishman SM, i-Cohen SP, ii-eds. Iimfuno zonyango lwezoNyango. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 20.