Ukuphefumla okubambe ukuphefumla

Abanye abantwana baneentonga zokubamba umphefumlo. Oku kukuyeka ngokungathandabuzekiyo ekuphefumlweni okungekho kulawulo lomntwana.

Iintsana ezisencinci ezinenyanga ezi-2 ubudala ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-2 ubudala zinokuqala ukuba nemimoya yokubamba umphefumlo. Abanye abantwana baneentelekelelo eziqatha.

Abantwana banokuba nemimoya yokubamba umoya xa bephendula:

• Uloyiko
• Intlungu
• Isiganeko esibuhlungu
• Ukothuka okanye ujongane

Ukuphefumla okuphethe umoya kuqhelekile kubantwana abane:

• Iimeko zofuzo, ezinje ngeRiley-Day syndrome okanye iRet syndrome
• Ukunqongophala kwe-anemia
• Imbali yosapho yokuphefumla okuphefumlayo (abazali basenokuba babeneentlobo ezifanayo xa babesengabantwana)

Ukuphefumla okubamba ukuphefumla kwenzeka rhoqo xa umntwana ethukuthela ngesiquphe okanye emangalisiwe. Umntwana wenza umoya okhawulezileyo, akhuphe umoya, ayeke nokuphefumla. Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomntwana inciphisa ukubetha kwentliziyo okanye ukuphefumla ixesha elifutshane. Ukuphefumla kukuphefumla akuthathwa njengesiqhelo sokuziphatha ngokungakhathali, nangona kuhlala kusenzeka ngumsindo. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye oluthuthu
• Ukulila, ke akukho kuphefumla
• Ukuphelelwa amandla okanye ukulahleka kokuphaphama (ukungabikho zingqondweni)
• Iintshukumo zikaJerky (mfutshane, intshukumo efana nokubanjwa)

Ukuphefumla okuqhelekileyo kuqala kwakhona emva kwexesha elifutshane lokungabikho zingqondweni. Umbala womntwana uphucula ngokuphefumla kokuqala. Oku kunokwenzeka amaxesha ngamaxesha ngemini, okanye ngezihlandlo ezinqabileyo kuphela.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze imibuzo malunga nembali yonyango lomntwana kunye neempawu zakhe.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokwenziwa ukukhangela ukusilela kwentsimbi.

Olunye uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• ECG ukukhangela intliziyo
• I-EEG ukujonga ukubanjwa

Akukho lonyango ludla ngokufuneka. Kodwa iidonsi okanye iipilisi zinokunikwa ukuba umntwana unentsimbi.

Ukuphefumla umoya ngamava oyikisayo kubazali. Ukuba umntwana wakho ufunyaniswe enesipele sokubamba umphefumlo, thabatha la manyathelo alandelayo:

• Ngexesha lokupela, qiniseka ukuba umntwana wakho ukwindawo ekhuselekileyo apho angayi kuwa okanye enzakaliswe khona.
• Beka ilaphu elibandayo ebunzini lomntwana wakho ngexesha lokupela ukunceda ukunciphisa isiqendu.
• Emva kokupela, zama ukuzola. Kulumkele ukunikela ingqalelo enkulu emntwaneni, kuba oku kunokuqinisa isimilo esakhokelela kupela.
• Ziphephe iimeko ezibangela umsindo womntwana. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa inani lamakhubalo.
• Ungakuhoyi ukuphefumla okubangela ukuba umntwana wakho aphelelwe ngamandla. Sukuyihoya into yokupela ngendlela enye ongayihoyiyo ingqumbo.

Uninzi lwabantwana luphuma ngaphandle kokuphefumla okubambe umoya xa beneminyaka emi-4 ukuya kweli-8 ubudala.

Abantwana abanokuhlutha ngexesha lokuphefumula okuphefumlayo abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wokubanjwa ngenye indlela.

Fowunela umnikezeli womntwana wakho ukuba:

• Ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unemimoya yokubamba umphefumlo
• Ukuphefumlelwa kokuphefumla komntwana wakho kuya kusiba mandundu okanye kusenzeka rhoqo

Tsalela u-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko ukuba:

• Umntwana wakho uyeka ukuphefumla okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla
• Umntwana wakho uxhuzula ngaphezulu komzuzu omnye

IMikati MA, Obeid MM. Iimeko ezilinganisa ukubanjwa. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 612.

URoddy SM. Ukuphefumla okubambe ukuphefumla kunye nokuxhuzula okungafunekiyo. Ku: Swaiman KF, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, et al, ii-eds. I-Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology: Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 85.