Iswekile kunye notywala

Ukuba unesifo seswekile usenokuzibuza ukuba kukhuselekile na ukusela utywala. Ngelixa abantu abaninzi abanesifo seswekile banokusela utywala ngokumodareyitha, kubalulekile ukuqonda ubungozi obunokubakho bokusetyenziswa kotywala kunye nento onokuyenza ukuyinciphisa. Utywala bunokuphazamisa indlela umzimba usebenzisa ngayo iswekile yegazi (iswekile). Utywala bunokuphazamisana namayeza athile eswekile. Kuya kufuneka uthethe nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze ubone ukuba kukhuselekile na ukuba ungasela.

Kubantu abanesifo seswekile, ukusela utywala kunokubangela iswekile esezantsi okanye ephezulu egazini, kuchaphazele amayeza eswekile, kwaye kubangele ezinye iingxaki ezinokubakho.

ISUKHARI ESEGAZINI yegazi

Isibindi sakho sikhupha i-glucose kumjelo wegazi njengoko kufuneka ukunceda ukugcina iswekile yegazi kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo. Xa usela utywala, isibindi sakho kufuneka sibuphungule utywala. Ngelixa isibindi sakho silungisa utywala, siyayeka ukukhupha iswekile. Ngenxa yoko, inqanaba leswekile yegazi lakho linokwehla ngokukhawuleza, likubeke emngciphekweni weswekile esezantsi yegazi (hypoglycemia). Ukuba uthatha i-insulin okanye iintlobo ezithile zonyango lweswekile, inokubangela iswekile esezantsi yegazi. Ukusela ungatyanga kutya ngaxeshanye kukonyusa kakhulu lomngcipheko.

Umngcipheko weswekile esezantsi yegazi uhlala iiyure emva kokuba uthathe isiselo sakho sokugqibela. Iziphuzo ezininzi onayo ngexesha elinye, ukwanda komngcipheko. Kungenxa yoko le nto kufuneka usele kuphela utywala kunye nokutya kunye nokusela kuphela ngokumodareyitha.

AMAYEZA OOTYWALA NESWEkile

Abanye abantu abathatha amayeza eswekile yomlomo kufuneka bathethe nomboneleli wabo ukubona ukuba kukhuselekile na ukusela utywala.Utywala bunokuphazamisana nezinye iziyobisi zeswekile, zikubeke emngciphekweni weswekile esezantsi yegazi okanye iswekile ephezulu yegazi (hyperglycemia), kuxhomekeka ekubeni usela kangakanani kwaye uthatha liphi iyeza.

ABANYE UBUNGOZI BABANTU ABANESWEBILEYO

Ukusela utywala kunemingcipheko efanayo yezempilo kubantu abanesifo seswekile njengokuba kunjalo nakwabanye abantu abasempilweni. Kodwa kukho imingcipheko ethile enxulumene nokuba nesifo seswekile, kubalulekile ukuyazi.

• Iziselo ezinxilisayo ezinjengebhiya kunye neziselo ezixutyiweyo eziswiti ziphezulu kwiicarbohydrate, ezinokunyusa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.
• Utywala buneekhalori ezininzi, ezinokukhokelela ekuzuzeni ubunzima. Oku kwenza ukuba kube nzima ukulawula isifo seswekile.
• Iikhalori ezivela etywaleni zigcinwa esibindini njengamafutha. Amafutha esibindi enza ukuba iiseli zesibindi zinganyangeki yi-insulin kwaye zinokwenza ukuba iswekile yegazi lakho inyuke ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Iimpawu zeswekile esezantsi yegazi ziyafana kakhulu neempawu zokunxila. Ukuba uyaphuma, abo bakungqongileyo banokucinga ukuba unxilile.
• Ukunxila kwenza kube nzima ukuqaphela iimpawu zeswekile esezantsi yegazi kunye nokunyusa umngcipheko.
• Ukuba unengxaki yesifo seswekile, enje ngemithambo-luvo, iliso, okanye ukonzakala kwezintso, umboneleli wakho unokucebisa ukuba ungaseli tywala. Ukwenza njalo kunokonyusa ezi ngxaki.

Ukusela utywala ngokukhuselekileyo, kuya kufuneka uqiniseke ngezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Isifo seswekile silawulwa kakuhle.
• Uyayiqonda indlela obunokukuchaphazela ngayo utywala kwaye ngawaphi amanyathelo onokuwathatha ukuthintela iingxaki.
• Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uyavuma ukuba kukhuselekile.

Nabani na okhetha ukusela makenze oko ngokumodareyitha:

• Abasetyhini akufuneki babe ngaphezulu kwesiselo esinye ngosuku.
• Amadoda akufuneki abe ngaphezulu kweziselo ezi-2 ngosuku.

Isiselo esinye sichazwa njenge:

• Ii-ounces ezili-12 okanye i-360 milliliters (mL) yebhiya (iipesenti ezi-5 zotywala).
• Ii-ounces ezi-5 okanye i-150 ml yewayini (iipesenti ezili-12 zotywala).
• I-1.5-ounce okanye i-45-mL yotywala yotywala (ubungqina obungama-80, okanye umxholo wama-40% wotywala).

Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nokuba ungakanani utywala obukhuselekileyo kuwe.

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokusela utywala, ukuthatha la manyathelo kunokukunceda ugcine ukhuselekile.

• Musa ukusela utywala ungatyanga okanye xa iswekile esegazini lakho iphantsi. Nangaliphi na ixesha usela utywala, kukho umngcipheko weswekile esezantsi yegazi. Sela utywala ngokutya okanye ngesidlo esine-carbohydrate eninzi ukugcina amanqanaba eswekile esegazini.
• Ungaze utye ukutya okanye utywala endaweni yokutya.
• Sela kancinci. Ukuba ubusebenzisa utywala, buxube namanzi, iklabhu yesoda, amanzi etoni, okanye isoda yokutya.
• Phatha umthombo weswekile, njengamacwecwe eglucose, kwimeko yeswekile esezantsi yegazi.
• Ukuba ubala iicarbohydrate njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sakho sokutya, thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nendlela yokuphendula ngotywala.
• Sukuzivocavoca umzimba ukuba ubusele utywala, kuba inyusa umngcipheko weswekile esezantsi yegazi.
• Phatha i-ID ebonakalayo echaza ukuba unesifo seswekile. Oku kubalulekile kuba iimpawu zotywala obuninzi kunye neswekile esezantsi yegazi ziyafana.
• Kuphephe ukusela wedwa. Sela nomntu owaziyo ukuba unesifo seswekile. Umntu kufuneka eyazi ukuba makenze ntoni xa uqala ukuba neempawu zeswekile esezantsi yegazi.

Kuba utywala bukubeka emngciphekweni weswekile esezantsi yegazi kwaneeyure emva kokuba usele, kuya kufuneka ujonge iswekile yegazi lakho:

• Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusela
• Ngelixa uselayo
• Kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokusela
• Ukuza kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-24 ezizayo

Qiniseka ukuba iswekile yegazi lakho likwinqanaba elikhuselekileyo ngaphambi kokuba ulale.

Thetha nomboneleli wakho ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo onesifo seswekile unengxaki yotywala. Yazisa umboneleli wakho ukuba ngaba indlela osela ngayo iyatshintsha.

Biza umnikezeli wakho ukuba uziva iimpawu zeswekile esezantsi yegazi enje:

• Umbono ophindwe kabini okanye umbono ophazamisayo
• Ukukhawuleza okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo
• Ndiziva ndinyabile okanye ndlongondlongo
• Ndiziva ndisoyika
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Indlala
• Ukungcangcazela okanye ukungcangcazela
• Ukubila
• Ukuncipha okanye ukuba ndindisholo kolusu
• Ukudinwa okanye ukuba buthathaka
• Ingxaki yokulala
• Ukucinga okungacacanga

Utywala - isifo seswekile; Isifo seswekile-ukusetyenziswa kotywala

Umbutho weSwekile yaseMelika kwiwebhusayithi. Imigangatho yoNyango lwezeMpilo kwiSwekile-2019. Unonophelo lweSwekile. NgoJanuwari 01 2019; ivolumu yama-42 yokukhutshwa kokuxhaswa 1. ukhathalelo.diabetesjournals.org/content/42/Supplement_1.

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Ukuphila nesifo seswekile. Isifo seswekile kunye nesifo sezintso: ukutya ntoni? Ukuhlaziywa kweSeptemba 19, 2019. Ifikeleleke ngoNovemba 22, 2019. www.cdc.gov/diabetes/managing/eat-well/what-to-eat.html.

I-Pearson ER, iMcCrimmon RJ. Iswekile yemellitus. Ku: Ralston SH, ID Penman, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, ii-eds. Imigaqo kaDavidson kunye nokuSebenza kweyeza. Umhla we-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 20.

IPolonsky KS, iBurant CF. Uhlobo lwe-2 lweSwekile. Ku: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, ii-eds. Incwadi yesifundo sikaWilliam ye-Endocrinology. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahl 31.