Uphuhliso lwedysplasia yenyonga

Uphuhliso lwe-dysplasia ye-hip (DDH) kukususwa kwendibaniselwano ye-hip ekhoyo ekuzalweni. Le meko ifumaneka kwiintsana okanye kubantwana abancinci.

Isinqe yibhola kunye nesokethi edibeneyo. Ibhola ibizwa ngokuba yintloko yobufazi. Yenza inxalenye ephezulu yethambo lesithambo (femur). Isiseko (i-acetabulum) sakha kwithambo le-pelvic.

Kwezinye iintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa, isiseko asinzulu kakhulu kwaye ibhola (ithambo lethanga) inokuphuma ngaphandle kwesokethi, nokuba kuyinxalenye yendlela okanye ngokupheleleyo. Inye okanye zombini isinqe sinokubandakanyeka.

Unobangela awaziwa. Amanqanaba asezantsi e-amniotic fluid esibelekweni ngexesha lokukhulelwa angonyusa umngcipheko wosana kwi-DDH. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya:

• Ukuba ngumntwana wokuqala
• Ukuba ngumfazi
• Isikhundla seBreech ngexesha lokukhulelwa, apho amazantsi omntwana aphantsi
• Imbali yosapho yokuphazamiseka
• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuzalwa

I-DDH yenzeka malunga ne-1 ukuya kwi-1.5 yokuzalwa.

Kungangabikho mpawu. Iimpawu ezinokuthi zenzeke kwiintsana zingabandakanya:

• Umlenze onengxaki ye-hip unokubonakala ngathi uza kuvela ngakumbi
• Ukuncitshiswa kwentshukumo kwicala lomzimba ngokususwa
• Umlenze omfutshane kwicala kunye nokususwa kwe-hip
• Ulusu olungalinganiyo lwethanga okanye iimpundu

Emva kweenyanga ezi-3 ubudala, umlenze ochaphazelekayo unokujikela ngaphandle okanye ube mfutshane kunomnye umlenze.

Xa umntwana eqala ukuhamba, iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Ukujija okanye ukuqhwalela xa uhamba
• Umlenze omnye omfutshane, ke umntwana uhamba ngeenzwane zakhe kwelinye icala hayi kwelinye
• Umva ongezantsi womntwana ujikeleze ngaphakathi

Ababoneleli ngononophelo lwempilo yabantwana bahlala behlola zonke iintsana kunye neentsana ze-hip dysplasia. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokufumanisa inyonga okanye umsipha okhutshiweyo okwaziyo ukususwa.

Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yokuchonga imeko kuvavanyo lomzimba esinqeni, olubandakanya ukufaka uxinzelelo ngelixa uhambisa isinqe. Umboneleli umamela nakuphi na ukucofa, ii-clunks, okanye iipop.

I-Ultrasound yenyonga isetyenziswa kwiintsana ezincinci ukuqinisekisa ingxaki. I-x-reyi yelungu elihlangeneyo inokunceda ukufumanisa imeko kwiintsana ezindala nakubantwana.

I-hip ekhutshwe ngokwenene kwintsana kufuneka ifumaneke ekuzalweni, kodwa ezinye iimeko zincinci kwaye iimpawu zingenakukhula kude kube emva kokuzalwa, yingakho iimviwo ezininzi zinconywa. Amanye amatyala anobulali athe cwaka kwaye akafumaneki ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba.

Xa ingxaki ifunyenwe kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala zobomi, isixhobo okanye isixhobo sokubopha sisetyenziselwa ukugcina imilenze yahlukene kwaye ijike yaya ngaphandle (indawo yomlenze wesele). Esi sixhobo sihlala sibambe ilunga le-hip endaweni ngelixa umntwana ekhula.

Le ntambo yokusebenzela isebenza ikakhulu kwiintsana xa iqalwa ngaphambi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala, kodwa mancinci amathuba okuba isebenze kubantwana abadala.

Abantwana abangaphuculiyo okanye abafunyaniswa emva kweenyanga ezi-6 bafuna utyando. Emva kotyando, isamente iya kubekwa emlenzeni womntwana kangangexesha elithile.

Ukuba i-hip dysplasia ifunyenwe kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala zobomi, inokuhlala inyangwa ngempumelelo ngesixhobo sokubekwa (bracing). Kwiimeko ezimbalwa, utyando luyafuneka ukuze ubuyisele umlenze ngokudibeneyo.

I-Hip dysplasia efunyenwe emva kobuntwana isenokukhokelela kwisiphumo esibi kwaye inokufuna utyando oluntsonkothileyo ukulungisa ingxaki.

Izixhobo zokubopha zingabangela ukucaphuka kolusu. Umahluko kubude bemilenze unokuqhubeka ngaphandle konyango olufanelekileyo.

Ukunganyangwa, i-hip dysplasia iya kukhokelela kwisifo samathambo kunye nokudodobala kwenyonga, okunokuba buthathaka kakhulu.

Fowunela umboneleli wakho ukuba ukrokrela ukuba inyonga yomntwana wakho ayimanga kakuhle.

Ukususwa kophuhliso lwelungu le-hip; Uphuhliso lwe-hip dysplasia; I-DDH; I-dysplasia yokuzalwa yomlenze; Ukuqhawuka kwento ozalwa nayo okhalweni; CDH; I-Pavlik harness

• Ukwahlukana kwenyonga ngokuzalwa

UKelly DM. Ukuzalwa okungaqhelekanga kunye nokukhula okungaqhelekanga kwesinqe kunye nesinqe. Ku: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Kanale ST, ii-eds. Umsebenzi weCampbell's Orthopedics. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 30.

I-Sankar WN, iPhondo le-BD, i-Wells L, i-Dormans JP. Isinqe. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: isahluko 678.

Unyana-Hing JP, Thompson GH. Ukungaqheleki kwento yokuzalwa kwindawo ephezulu kunye nezantsi kunye nomqolo. Ku: UMartin RJ, uFanaroff AA, uWalsh MC, ii-eds. UFanaroff kunye noMartin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahl. 107.